Situational prevention of organised crimes PDF
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Situational Prevention o f , Organised Crimes ^ V Edited by Karen Bullock, Ronald V. Clarke WILLAN and Nick Tilley PUBLISHING Situational Prevention of Organised Crimes Crime Science Series Series editor: Gloria Laycock Published titles Superhighway Robbery: Preventing e-commerce crime, by Graeme R. Newman and Ronald V. Clarke Crime Reduction and Problem-oriented Policing, edited by Karen Bullock and Nick Tilley Crime Science: New approaches to preventing and detecting crime, edited by Melissa J. Smith and Nick Tilley Problem-oriented Policing and Partnerships: Implementing an evidence-based approach to crime reduction, by Karen Bullock, Rosie Erol and Nick Tilley Preventing Child Sexual Abuse: Evidence, policy and practice, by Stephen Smallbone, William L. Marshall and Richard Wortley Environmental Criminology and Crime Analysis, edited by Richard Wortley and Lorraine Mazerolle Raising the Bar: Preventing aggression in and around bars, pubs and clubs, by Kathryn Graham and Ross Homel Situational Prevention of Organised Crimes Edited by Karen Bullock, Ronald V. Clarke and Nick Tilley Situational Prevention of Organised Crimes Edited by Karen Bullock, Ronald V. Clarke and Nick Tilley WILLAN PUBLISHING Published by Willan Publishing Culmcott House Mill Street, Uffculme Cullompton, Devon EX15 3AT, UK Tel: +44(0)1884 840337 Fax: +44(0)1884 840251 e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.willanpublishing.co.uk Published simultaneously in the USA and Canada by Willan Publishing c/o ISBS, 920 NE 58th Ave, Suite 300, Portland, Oregon 97213-3786, USA Tel: +001(0)503 287 3093 Fax: +001(0)503 280 8832 e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.isbs.com © The editors and contributors 2010 All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the Publishers or a licence permitting copying in the UK issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC IN 8TS. First published 2010 ISBN 978-1-84392-772-3 hardback British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library FSC Mixed Sources Ptoferr yawp wrU-ffMMped 'omü olbcf :uoüo4lrd touicci Cert a* SCS-COC-JiO eimhwiHinfciifCwmli Project managed by Deer Park Productions, Tavistock, Devon Typeset by TW Typesetting, Plymouth, Devon Printed and bound by T J International Ltd, Trecerus Industrial Estate, Padstow, Cornwall Contents Abbreviations vii Figures and tables viii Notes on contributors ix Foreword by Gloria Laycock xv Preface x vii Karen Bullock, Ronald V. Clarke and Nick Tilley 1 Introduction 1 Karen Bullock, Ronald V. Clarke and Nick Tilley 2 Situational crime prevention and cross-border crime 17 Edward R. Kleemans, Melvin R.J. Soudijn and Anton W. Weenink 3 Preventing organised crime: the case of contraband cigarettes 35 Klaus von Lampe 4 Sex trafficking: a target for situational crime prevention? 58 James O. Finckenauer and Ko-lin Chin 5 Situational prevention of organised timber theft and related corruption 81 Adam Graycar and Marcus Felson 6 Situational organised crime prevention in Amsterdam: the administrative approach 93 Hans Nelen 7 Mortgage fraud and facilitating circumstances 111 Barbra van Gestel 8 Infiltration of the public construction industry by Italian organised crime 130 Ernesto U. Savona 9 Situational prevention against unlawful influence from organised crime 151 Lars Korsell and Johanna Skinnari Situational Prevention of Organised Crimes 10 Organised crime and crime scripts: prospects for disruption 172 Graham Hancock and Gloria Laycock 11 Policing mobile criminality: towards a situational crime prevention approach to organised crime 193 Stuart Kirby and Sue Penna Index 213 vi Abbreviations ACPO Association of Chief Police Officers ALPR Automatic Licence Plate Recognition AML Anti Money Laundering Regulations Regulations BCS British Crime Survey BIBOB Act Public Administration Probity Screening Act (in the Netherlands) BKA Bundeskriminalamt (German Federal Crime Intelligence Office) Brâ Brottsfôrebyggande râdet (Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention) CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna CPIA Criminal Procedures and Investigation Act (1996) EPSRC Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council FATF Financial Action Task Force FIU Financial Intelligence Unit (in the Netherlands) HMRC Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs HSE Health and Safety Executive ICE Immigration and Customs Enforcement (in the USA) IOM International Organisation for Migration MCA Marine Coastguard Agency NGO Non-governmental organisation NIJ National Institute of Justice, US Department of Justice NIM National Intelligence Model NCIS National Criminal Intelligence Service OCG Organised crime group RIEC Regional Intelligence and Expertise Centre (in the Netherlands) RILO Regional Intelligence Liaison Office for Western Europe SAR Suspicious activity report SBA Bureau for Screening and Auditing (in the Netherlands) SCP Situational crime prevention SCPO Serious Crime Prevention Order SIO Senior investigating officer SOCA Serious Organised Crime Agency SOCPA Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 SOCU Serious and Organised Crime Unit TIR Transport International Routier UNODC United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime WODC Research and Documentation Centre (in the Netherlands) Figures and tables Figures 10.1 Representation of the constituent parts of organised crime 177 Tables 1.1 Twenty-five techniques of situational prevention 3 1.2 Two models of organised crime 7 1.3 Facilitating conditions that enable theft of cars for export 8 1.4 Step-by-step modus operandi for trafficking in stolen cars 9 6.1 Intervention techniques within the framework of the Van Traa Project 99 6.2 Intervention techniques within the framework of the SBA Bureau 103 6.3 Intervention techniques within the framework of the Integrity Bureau 106 9.1 Preventive methods against unlawful influence from organised crime 167 10.1 Robbery script 173 10.2 Breakdown of prepay mobile phone use for operations A, B and H 180 10.3 The integrated organised crime script 186 Notes on contributors Karen Bullock is a lecturer in criminology at the University of Surrey. She holds a PhD from the University of London and spent almost 10 years as a researcher at the UK Home Office. Her research interests lie primarily in crime reduction, policing and interventions with offenders. Ko-lin Chin is Professor, School of Criminal Justice at Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey. He is author of Chinese Subculture and Criminality: Non-traditional Crime Groups in America (Greenwood Press 1990), China town Gangs: Extortion, Enterprise and Ethnicity (Oxford University Press 1996), Smuggled Chinese: Clandestine Immigration to the United States (Temple University Press 1999), Heijin: Organized Crime, Business, and Politics in Taiivan (M.E. Sharpe 2003), The Golden Triangle: Inside Southeast Asia's Drug Trade (Cornell University Press 2009) and co-editor of Handbook of Organized Crime in the United States (Greenwood Press 1994). Currently, he is conducting a research project on sex trafficking in Asia and the US with Professor James O. Finckenauer. Ronald V. Clarke is University Professor at the School of Criminal Justice, Rutgers University. Trained as a psychologist, he holds a PhD from the University of London. Dr Clarke was employed for 15 years in the British Government's criminology research department, where he had a signifi cant role in the development of situational crime prevention and the British Crime Survey. He is founding editor of Crime Prevention Studies and is author or joint author of more than 220 publications, including, The Reasoning Criminal (Springer-Verlag 1986), Situational Crime Prevention: Successful Case Studies (Harrow and Heston 1997), Become a Problem Solving Crime Analyst (Jill Dando Institute 2003) and Outsmarting the Terrorists (Praeger 2006). Marcus Felson is Professor of Criminal Justice at Rutgers University. He is author of Crime and Nature (SAGE Publications 2006) and Crime and Everyday Life (SAGE Publications, fourth edition, 2010). He originated the routine activity approach to crime rate analysis, and is currently studying the co-offending process. A graduate of the University of Chicago, he received his PhD from the University of Michigan. Professor Felson works on very down-to-earth theories with very tangible applications. Professor Felson has been a guest lecturer in many nations throughout the world. ix
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