simulacro, hiperrealidad y pos-humanismo: la ciencia ficción en argentina y españa en torno al 2000

255 Pages·2017·0.92 MB·Spanish

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Theses and Dissertations--Hispanic Studies Hispanic Studies
2013
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Mirta Rímolo de Rienzi
University of Kentucky, [email protected]
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Rímolo de Rienzi, Mirta, "SIMULACRO, HIPERREALIDAD Y POS-HUMANISMO: LA CIENCIA FICCIÓN EN
ARGENTINA Y ESPAÑA EN TORNO AL 2000" (2013). Theses and Dissertations--Hispanic Studies. 12.
https://uknowledge.uky.edu/hisp_etds/12
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The document mentioned above has been reviewed and accepted by the student’s advisor, on
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Mirta Rímolo de Rienzi, Student
Dr. Ana Rueda, Major Professor
Dr. Moisés Castillo, Director of Graduate Studies
SIMULACRO, HIPERREALIDAD Y POS-HUMANISMO: LA CIENCIA
FICCIÓN EN ARGENTINA Y ESPAÑA EN TORNO AL 2000

_________________________

DISSERTATION
_________________________

A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the
College of Arts and Science at the University of Kentucky

By
Mirta Rímolo de Rienzi
Lexington, Kentucky

Director: Dr. Ana Rueda, Professor of Hispanic Studies
Lexington, Kentucky

2013

Copyright © Mirta Rímolo de Rienzi 2013
ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION

SIMULACRO, HIPERREALIDAD Y POS-HUMANISMO: LA CIENCIA
FICCIÓN EN ARGENTINA Y ESPAÑA EN TORNO AL 2000
This project focuses on science fiction literature of Spain and Argentina produced
in the last twenty years (1990-2010). It hypothesizes that in this period a change of
perspective substantially modified science fiction productions in both countries and
converges into a new model of narrative. As a consequence of this reformulated vision, a
new narrative perspective immerses readers in an era of simulation, hyperreality, and
post-humanism. When advanced technology is able to modify the basic human anatomy,
and persons are trapped between virtual and real universes, simulacra facilitate control of
people in an effective and impersonal manner. Simultaneously, fictional scenarios show
new post-human beings sharing future worlds with humans. In this regard, the new
literary production leads the reader to a redefinition of what it means to be human. With a
theoretical framework centered on simulacrum, hyperreality and post-humanism, this
study places the use of new technologies and the critique of postmodern society at the
epicenter of the discussion as proposed by selected novels.
Keewords: Science Fiction, Simulacrum, Hiperreality, Post-humanism, Spain,
Argentina
Mirta Rímolo de Rienzi
Student’s Signature

November 4th, 2013
Date
SIMULACRO, HIPERREALIDAD Y POS-HUMANISMO: LA CIENCIA
FICCIÓN EN ARGENTINA Y ESPAÑA EN TORNO AL 2000

By

Mirta Rímolo de Rienzi

Dr. Ana Rueda
Director of Dissertation

Dr. Moisés Castillo
Director of Graduate Studies

November 4th, 2013
Date
To my husband, Eduardo
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I would like to thank my Dissertation Director Dr. Ana Rueda, who provided
timely and instructive comments and enthusiasm at every stage of the dissertation
process, allowing me to complete this project. She provided insights that guided and
challenged my thinking, substantially improving the finished product. Next, I want to
thank Dr. Edward Stanton for the encouragement and support I received during my time
as a graduate student. Also, I would like to thank the other members of the Dissertation
Committee: Dr. Mariana Amato, Dr. Cristina Alcalde for their insights and suggestions
that substantially elevated the quality of my work, and Dr. Tomas Whayne for accepting
being part of the committee. I also wish to thank the Department Hispanic Studies of
University of Kentucky for providing the resources that facilitated my research.
In addition, I received equally important assistance and support from family and
friends. I want to thank my fellows Kristie, Osvaldo, Lynn, Silvia and Daniel for their
understanding and friendship. Above all, I thank my husband Eduardo, who provided on-
going support throughout the dissertation process allowing me to complete my project in
a timely manner.

iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................. .................................................................... iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ....................................................................................... iv
Capítulo I: Introducción .......................................................................................... 1
Capítulo II: Dos estéticas de la ciencia-ficción en el siglo XX: España y Argentina
............................................................................................................................................. 9
Revisión de la historia de la ciencia ficción argentina ...................................... 11
Revisión de la historia de la ciencia ficción española....................................... 16
Confluencia de la ciencia ficción de ambos países hacia finales del siglo XX: 21
Tesis: El simulacro, la hiperrealidad y el replanteamiento pos-humanista en la
ciencia ficción. .............................................................................................................. 24
Marco teórico .................................................................................................... 24
Capítulo III: La nave y La invención de Morel como obras paradigmáticas de
mediados del siglo XX. ..................................................................................................... 33
La nave (1959) de Tomás Salvador. ................................................................. 34
La invención de Morel (1940) de Adolfo Bioy Casares. .................................. 59
iv
Memoria, escritura e hiperrealidad. .................................................................. 72
Capítulo IV: Replicantes y ciborgues: una crítica al mundo posmoderno. ........... 76
Lágrimas en la lluvia (2011) de Rosa Montero ................................................ 78
Casa de Ottro (2009) de Marcelo Cohen ........................................................ 105
Replicantes y ciborgues: lecciones de convivencia. ....................................... 124
Capítulo V: El simulacro y la hiperrealidad: el uso de la tecnología para controlar
al individuo. .................................................................................................................... 127
Madrid (2008) de Daniel Mares ..................................................................... 132
Vórtice (2000) de Carlos Gardini .................................................................... 148
Apocalipsis y redención .................................................................................. 168
Capítulo VI: Estereotipos de género modificados. ............................................. 171
Sagrada (1989) de Elia Barceló ...................................................................... 172
Anatomía humana (1993) de Carlos Chernov ................................................ 193
El rol de los géneros y el poder ....................................................................... 221
Capítulo VII: Conclusiones................................................................................. 224
References ........................................................................................................... 230
v