Simplified Amendment for LOP/Funding only US Agency for International Development

167 Pages·2017·3.31 MB·English

DCN: 2018-UKR-044

SOP-1, Template 5:
Simplified Amendment for LOP/Funding only

US Agency for International Development (USAID)
USAID Regional Mission to Ukraine and Belarus
Amendment to Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

Activity Data
Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safe Use Action Plan
Activity Name:
(PERSUAP)
Assistance Objective: Economic Growth
Program Area: Agriculture
Country(ies) and/or Operating Unit: Ukraine/Regional Mission to Ukraine and Belarus
Office of Economic Growth
Originating Office: Date: 11/15/2017
(OEG)
PAD Level IEE: Yes No DCN of Original RCE/IEE: 2015-UKR-006
Supplemental IEE: Yes No
DCN of Amendment(s):
RCE/IEE Amendment: Yes No
The purpose of this Amendment is to update the
If Yes, Purpose of Amendment (AMD):
USAID/Ukraine PERSUAP
2010-UKR-005, 2014-UKR-012, 2015-UKR-013, 2016-
DCN(s) of All Related EA/IEE/RCE/ER(s):
UKR-002
Implementation Start/End: AMD: LOP: 12/2014 – 12/2022
Funding Amount: N/A LOP Amount: $50,000,000
Contract/Award Number (if known):
Recommended Environmental Determination:
Categorical Exclusion: Positive Determination:
Negative Determination: Deferral:
Additional Elements:
Conditions: Local Procurement:
Government to Government: Donor Co-Funded:

1. Purpose of Amendment
1.1. The Purpose of this Amendment is to update the USAID/Ukraine PERSUAP per
Activities 5.15 and 5.16 of DCN: 2016-UKR-002.
1.2. All conditions of the original IEE and Amendments remain in effect. With this
Amendment, all existing reporting requirements shall remain in place.
1.3. All activities in the agricultural portfolio performed their work in compliance with
IEEs and Amendments. When drafting legislation and policy regulations, the
implementing partners encouraged the assisted government authorities to integrate
environmental considerations into the proposed legislation in line with the best
international (EU compatible) approaches and practices. Nine (9) Environmental
Review Checklists (ERCs) for environmental and social consequences related to
policy development initiatives were prepared. Sixteen (16) ERCs and Environmental
Mitigation and Monitoring Plans (EMMPs) were prepared and approved. Twenty (20)
credit unions were trained in implementation of a standardized environmental review
procedure for credit unions to ensure that their loans are in compliance with
Ukrainian laws and regulations regarding environmental protection.
2017 USAID/Ukraine - Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safe Use Action Plan (PERSUAP)
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1.4. This activity is currently in compliance.

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2. Recommended Environmental Threshold Decision Clearances:

Approval: ________________________________________ __________________
Susan K. Fritz, Mission Director Date

Approval: ________________________________________ __________________
John A. Pennell, Deputy Mission Director Date

Approval: ________________________________________ __________________
David Rush, Resident Legal Officer Date

Approval: ________________________________________ __________________
Gregory Olson, A/Regional Program Officer Date

Clearance: ________________________________________ __________________
Larissa Piskunova, Deputy Mission Date
Environmental Officer

Concurrence: ________________________________________ __________________
Mark Kamiya, E&E Bureau Environmental Date
Officer

Distribution:
IEE File
MEO (to also provide a copy to COR)

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PESTICIDE
EVALUATION REPORT
AND SAFE USE ACTION
PLAN

November 2017

This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development.
It was prepared by Alan Schroeder, PhD, MBA (E-Noe TEC Consulting) and Serhii Kolesnyk, MD
(Medved’s Research Center of Preventive Toxicology, Food, and Chemical Safety Ukraine Ministry of
Health). The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the
United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government.

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USAID Ukraine Agriculture PERSUAP
(Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safe Use Action Plan)

Covering the country of Ukraine and the following crops:

Commercial Grain Crops:
barley
maize/corn
wheat
rye
oats
spelt
sorghum
buckwheat
rice

Commercial Fiber and Oil Crops:
rapeseed/canola
soybean
mustard seed
linseed/flaxseed
hempseed
poppy seed
sunflower

Vegetable Crops:
beet (table, sugar, fodder)
cabbage
carrot
cucumber
dry beans
eggplant
garlic
onion
potato
tomato
scallions
chives
celery
parsnip
broccoli
Brussels sprouts
cauliflower
kohlrabi
collard greens
kale
salads/lettuce
spinach
fresh green beans
pod peas
mushrooms
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sweet peppers
long hot peppers
paprika

Fruit Crops:
apples
apricot
blackberry
blueberry/billberry
cherries
sour pie and juice cherries
grapes (table & wine)
melon
peach
pears
plums
raspberry
strawberry
watermelon
red currents
black currents
quince
mulberry

Herb Crops:
parsley
dill
basil
cilantro/coriander
rosemary
horseradish
caraway
coriander
fennel
thyme
celery seed
cumin
saffron

Commercial Fodder Crops:
bent grass
bluestem grass
orchard grass
fescue
ryegrass
timothy grass
other grasses
alfalfas
clovers
vetches

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Table of Contents

ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................... 10 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................................. 13 
PER PRIMARY FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ......................................... 14 
Pesticide AIs with Ukraine Registered Product Names Approved by this PERSUAP
for use by or on USAID/Ukraine-Supported Agriculture Projects and Activities ............ 15 
SECTION 1:  INTRODUCTION ................................................................................ 23 
1.1  Purpose, Scope & Orientation ............................................................................... 23 
1.2   Regulation 216 ..................................................................................................... 23 
1.3   The Pesticide Evaluation Report and Safe Use Action Plan (PERSUAP) ........... 25 
1.4  Integrated Pest Management—USAID Policy ..................................................... 25 
1.5  USAID/Ukraine Agriculture Sector PERSUAP Methodology............................. 26 
SECTION 2:  BACKGROUND .................................................................................. 27 
2.1   Ukraine Country Background ............................................................................... 27 
2.2  Ukraine ARDS Project Background ..................................................................... 27 
2.3   Ukraine International Obligations Related to Pesticides ...................................... 28 
2.4   Ukraine Pesticide Use Sectors Risks & Needs Identified by PERSUAP Study ... 30 
SECTION 3:  PESTICIDE EVALUATION REPORT (PER) .................................... 31 
3.1  Factor A: USEPA Registration Status of the Proposed Pesticides ....................... 31 
3.2  Factor B: Basis for Selection of Pesticides ........................................................... 32 
3.3  Factor C: Extent to Which the Proposed Pesticide Use Is, Or Could Be, Part of
an IPM Program ................................................................................................................ 33 
3.4  Factor D: Proposed Method or Methods of Application, Including the
Availability of Application and Safety Equipment ........................................................... 34 
3.5  Factor E: Any Acute and Long-Term Toxicological Hazards, either Human or
Environmental, Associated with the Proposed Use, And Measures Available To
Minimize Such Hazards .................................................................................................... 35 
3.6  Factor F: Effectiveness of the Requested Pesticide for the Proposed Use ........... 36 
3.7  Factor G: Compatibility of the Proposed Pesticide Use with Target and Non-
Target Ecosystems ............................................................................................................ 38 
3.8  Factor H: Conditions under Which the Pesticide Is To Be Used, Including
Climate, Geography, Hydrology, and Soils ...................................................................... 40 
3.9  Factor I: Availability of Other Pesticides or Non-Chemical Control Methods .... 43 
3.10  Factor J: Host Country’s Ability to Regulate or Control the Distribution,
Storage, Use, and Disposal of the Requested Pesticide .................................................... 44 
3.11  Factor K: Provision for Training of Users and Applicators .................................. 46 
3.12  Factor L: Provision Made for Monitoring the Use and Effectiveness of Each
Pesticide ............................................................................................................................ 46 
SECTION 4:  PESTICIDE SAFE USE ACTION PLAN (SUAP) .............................. 48 
4.1   Introduction to SUAP ........................................................................................... 48 
4.2   Approved USAID Ukraine Pesticides .................................................................. 48 
4.3   USAID requirement .............................................................................................. 48 
4.4   Compliance Requirements (Safe Use Measures) .................................................. 49 
Annex 1: 2017 Matrix of Ukraine PERSUAP Target Crops, Key
Pests/Diseases/Weeds, Preventive IPM Tools/Tactics, and Curative Pesticides .............. 51 
GENERAL PESTS OF SEVERAL UKRAINE CROPS ......................................... 51 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE CEREALS CROPS: wheat (Triticum
aestivum), barley (Hordeum polysticum), oats (Avena sativa), rye
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(Secale montanum), spelt (Triticum spelta) and buckwheat (Fagopyrum
esculentum) ............................................................................................................... 56 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE MAIZE, Zea mays and SORGHUM,
Sorghum bicolor........................................................................................................ 63 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE RICE, Oryza sativa ................................ 70 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE PULSES AND LEGUMINOUS
CROPS: SOYBEANS, Glycine max, PEAS, Pisum sativum, BEANS, Vicia faba,
Phaseolus vulgaris .................................................................................................... 72 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE SUNFLOWER, SAFFLOWER (oil
crops)......................................................................................................................... 77 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE BEETS, Sugar, Table, Fodder................ 78 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE OILSEED CROPS: linseed/flaxseed,
hemp seed, poppy seed ............................................................................................. 80 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE BRASSICACEOUS/CRUCIFEROUS
CROPS: Broccoli, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Brussels Sprouts, kohlrabi, collard
greens, kale, Brassica oleracea, Horseradish, Armoracia rusticana, RAPE
(oilseed) Brassica napus, MUSTARD (oilseed) Sinapis juncea .............................. 83 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE UMBELLIFEROUS CROPS: carrot,
Daucus carota subsp. sativus, caraway, Carum carvi, celery, Apium graveolens,
chervil, Anthriscus cerefolium, coriander/cilantro, Coriandrum sativum, cumin,
Cuminum cyminum, dill, Anethum graveolens, fennel, Foeniculum vulgare,
parsley, Petroselinum crispum, parsnip, Pastinaca sativa ....................................... 85 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE CUCURBITACEOUS CROPS:
cucumber, Cucumis sativus, melon, Cucumis melo, watermelon, Citrullus
lanatus, squash, Cucurbita spp, pumpkin, zucchini, Cucurbita pepo ...................... 87 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE SOLANACEOUS CROPS: Potato,
Solanum tuberosum; Tomato, Solanum lycopersicum; Peppers, Sweet, Paprika,
Capsicum annuum, Hot peppers, Capsicum frutescens; Eggplant, Solanum
melongena ................................................................................................................. 90 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE ALLIUM CROPS: Allium Crops:
onions, Allium cepa, garlic, Allium sativum, shallot, Allium ascalonicum, green
onion/scallion, Allium fistulosum, leeks, Allium porrum, chives, Allium
schoenoprasum ....................................................................................................... 102 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE SALAD/LETTUCE, Lactuca sativa .... 109 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE SPINACH, Spinacia oleracea ............. 109 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE MUSHROOMS, Oyster, Pleurotus
ostreatus, Agaricus, Agaricus bisporus, Agaricus hortensis, Shiitake, Lentinula
edodes ..................................................................................................................... 110 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE POME FRUITS: apples, Malus pumila,
pears, Pyrus spp, quince, Cydonia oblonga; STONE FRUITS: sweet cherries,
Prunus avium, sour cherries, Prunus cerasus, plums, Prunus spp, apricot, Prunus
armeniaca, peach, Prunus persica .......................................................................... 111 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE STRAWBERRY, Fragaria x
ananassa, RASPBERRY, Rubus spp...................................................................... 115 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE BLUEBERRY, Vaccinium uliginosum,
BILBERRY, Vaccinium myrtillus .......................................................................... 116 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE GRAPES, table, wine, eating, Vitis
vinifera .................................................................................................................... 118 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE CURRANTS: Black, Ribes nigrum;
Red, Ribes rubrum .................................................................................................. 120 
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PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE MULBERRY, Morus alba ................... 120 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE SAFFRON, Crocus sativus .................. 122 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE HERBS: basil, Ocimum basilicum,
rosemary, Rosmarinus officinalis, thyme, Thymus vulgaris ................................... 123 
PESTS AND DISEASES OF UKRAINE ANIMAL FODDER CROPS: bent grass,
bluestem grass, orchard grass, fescue, ryegrass, timothy grass, alfalfas, clovers,
vetches......................................................................................................................... 124 
Annex 2: Guidelines for PMPs for Ukraine Crops and Beneficiaries ............................ 127 
What is a PMP ........................................................................................................ 127 
Annex 3: Elements of IPM Program ............................................................................... 130 
Annex 4: Acute Toxicity of Pesticides: EPA and WHO Classifications ........................ 133 
Annex 5: PERSUAP Analyses of Active Ingredients in Pesticides Registered in
Ukraine ............................................................................................................................ 135 
Annex 6: Training Topics and Safe Pesticide Use Web Resources ................................ 142 
Annex 7: Farm Record Keeping Associated with Pesticide Use .................................... 144 
Agricultural pesticide application details ........................................................................ 144 
Annex 8: Form for Projects to Monitor Farmer Best Practices including GAP and IPM
options ............................................................................................................................. 145 
Annex 9: PERSUAP References .................................................................................... 147 
Annex 10: List of Ukraine Laws and Regulations Concerning Pesticides ..................... 148 
Annex 11: Summary of Pesticide AIs Registered in Ukraine and Rejected by this
PERSUAP Analysis ........................................................................................................ 152 
Rejected Fungicide AIs ................................................................................................. 152 
Rejected Herbicide AIs ................................................................................................. 153 
Rejected Fumigant AI ................................................................................................... 154 
Rejected Insecticide/Miticide AIs ................................................................................ 154 
Annex 12: Representative Pesticide Data Sheets ....................................................... 155 

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ACRONYMS

AI Active Ingredient (reference to chemical/s in pesticides)
A/COR Agreement/Contracting Officer’s Representative (USAID)
BEO Bureau Environmental Officer (USAID)
BMP Best Management Practice
BT Bacillus thuringiensis (a bacterium that produces a toxin that is used as a pesticide)
CCD Colony Collapse Disorder
CFR Code of Federal Regulations (USA)
CLI Crop Life International (private sector pesticide companies’ trade association)
COP Chief of Party (USAID)
DCN Document Number (USAID documentation system)
E Emulsion (a pesticide formulation)
EA Environmental Assessment
EC Emulsifiable Concentrate (pesticide formulation)
EC50 Effective Concentration 50 (acute toxicity measure)
EMMP Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plan (USAID)
EPA US Environmental Protection Agency (also known as USEPA)
EU European Union
FAA Foreign Assistance Act
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization (United Nations)
FDA Food and Drug Administration (USA)
FIFRA Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (USA)
FRAC Fungicide Resistance Action Committee
G Granular (a pesticide formulation)
GAP Good Agriculture Practice
GEF Global Environment Facility (part of World Bank)
GlobalGAP Global Good Agriculture Practices, a certification system
GMO Genetically Modified Organism
GOU Government of Ukraine
GUP General Use Pesticide
Ha Hectares
HACCP Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (processing standards system)
HCB Hexachlorobenzene
HRAC Herbicide Resistance Action Committee
HT Highly Toxic
ID Identification
IEE Initial Environmental Examination (USAID)
IGR Insect Growth Regulator (type of pesticide)
IP Implementing Partner
IPM Integrated Pest Management
IRAC Insecticide Resistance Action Committee
LC50 Lethal Concentration 50 (acute toxicity measure)
LD50 Lethal Dose 50 (acute toxicity measure)
MAPF Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food
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