Simipercis trispinosa, a new genus and species of sandperch (Perciformes: Pinguipedidae) from eastern Australia

2006·4.9 MB·English

by  Jeffrey W Johnson

MemoirsofMuseumVictoria63(1):57-64(2006)
iSSN 1447-2546(Print) 1447-2554(On-iine)
http://www.museum.vic.gov.au/memoirs/index.asp
Simipercis trispinosa^ a new genus and species ofsandperch (Perciformes:
Pinguipedidae) from eastern Australia
JeffreyW. Johnson^andJohnE. Randaff^
^ManagerIchthyology,QueenslandMuseum,POBox3300,SouthBrisbane,Q4101,Australia([email protected].
au)(authorforcorrespondence)
^SeniorIchthyologist,BishopMuseum,1525BerniceSt.,Honolulu,Hawai’i,96817-2704,USA([email protected])
Abstract Johnson, J.W. and Randall, J.E. 2006. Simipercis trispinosa, a new genus and species of sandperch (Perciformes:
Pinguipedidae)fromeasternAustralia.MemoirsofMuseumVictoria63(1):57-64.
Simipercistrispinosaisdescribedasanewgenusandspeciesofpinguipedidfishfrom93specimenscollectedmostly
bydemersaltrawlfromthecontinentalshelfofeasternAustraliabetweenSwainReefs,QueenslandandBrokenBay,New
SouthWalesindepthsfrom51to170m.ThenewgenusismostcloselyrelatedtoParapercisBleeker,1863,butisunique
amongpinguipedidfishesinhavingacombinationofvomerandpalatinesedentate,dorsalspines3,nodistinctexposed,
pointedopercularspine,preopercleandsubopercleentire,tenabdominaland20-21 caudalvertebrae,lownakedfleshy
nuchalcrest,interorbitalandsuborbitalwithlargectenoidscalesextendingforwardtonearanteriormarginofeye,and
headandbodymoderatelycompressed.
Keywords Pinguipedidae,Simipercis,Parapercis,newgenus,newspecies,Queensland,NewSouthWales,Australia
Introduction The firstauthorrecently examined all knownpinguipedid
specimens throughoutAustralianichthyological collectionsto
RosaandRosa, 1998providedadiagnosisanddefinitionofthe
validate identifications for a project on demersal continental
Pinguipedidae, describing three primary osteological
shelfandslopefishes.Duringthesestudiestwonominalspecies
synapomorphies of the family: hyomandibular with oblique ofParapercis,P.naevosaServenty, 1937andP.stricticepsDe
crest(Gosline,1968),intercalarwithsharpposteriorlydirected Vis,1884,regardedbyCantwell, 1964asjuniorsynonymsofP.
process, and sphenotic with elongate, anteriorly directed
allporti (Gunther, 1876) and P. xanthozona (Bleeker, 1849)
process. Imamura and Matsuura, 2003 redefined the family
respectively,werediscoveredtobevalidspecies.Inaddition,a
using 14 derived characteristics, only one ofwhich was used number of undescribed species collected by demersal trawl
by Rosa and Rosa (hyomandibular with oblique crest). They werealsoidentified. Mostofthesecurrentlyawaitdescription,
also confirmedthat Cheimarrichthys vonHaast, 1874 should
be excluded from the Pinguipedidae and placed in its own butthemostdistinctiveofthelatterisdescribedhere.
family,Cheirmarrichthyidae.
Methodsandmaterials
The Pinguipedidae currently contains five genera: the
monotypic Kochichthys Kamohara, 1961 from Japan and Institutional acronyms for types and comparative material are
Taiwan,PinguipesCuvier, 1829withone speciesfromeachof thoseofLevitonetal, 1985.Lengthsofspecimensaregivenas
the south-eastern Pacific and south-western Atlantic, the standard length (SL), being the distance from the front ofthe
monotypicProlatilusGill,1865fromthesouth-easternPacific, upper lip to the base of the caudal fin (posterior end of the
Pseudopercis Miranda-Ribeiro, 1903 with two species from hypural plate). The abbreviation HL is used for head length.
the south-easternAtlantic, andParapercisBleeker, 1863 with Lateral-linescalecountsaretothebaseofthecaudalfin,anddo
about 54recognised species, including 51 fromthe Indo-west notincludeseveraladditionalporedscalesonthefin. Gill-raker
Pacific and single representatives inthe south-eastern Pacific, counts include all rudiments. Vertebral counts and descriptions
south-eastern Atlantic and north-eastern Atlantic (Rosa and ofosteologicalfeaturesweremadefromradiographsandskeletal
Rosa, 1998; Randall and McCosker, 2002; Imamura and preparations. Methods forcounts and measurements otherwise
Matsuura,2003;Randall,2003;RandallandYamakawa,2006; follow Randall, 2003. Where different, values for paratypes
this study). follow those of the holotype in parentheses. Specimens were
58 JeffreyW.JohnsonandJohnE. Randall
collected by trawl, except where indicated otherwise. Meristic smallspinesorspinulesinothergenera);10abdominaland20-21
and morphometric details forthe new species are presented in caudal vertebrae {Parapercis 9-10+18-22,Kochichthys 10+19,
Tables 1-2. Material examined for detailed comparison of Pinguipes15-16+20-21,Prolatilus15-16+20-21,Pseudopercis
opercularosteologyislisted.Howeveranadditional30unlisted 16-18+20-22); large interorbital scales extending to, or just
species of Parapercis were examined externally for character beyond,anteriormarginofeye(onlyKochichthys,Prolatilusand
statesoftheopercularbones. Parapercishaackeihaveinterorbitalscales);cheekandsuborbital
withlargectenoidscales,extendingtoaverticalbetweenanterior
Comparativematerialexamined marginofpupil andanteriormarginofeye(variously squamate
ornaked,usuallywithsmallcycloidscalesoncheek, suborbital
Parapercis binivirgata QM 1.37220, 146 mm, SE of Cape with small scales extending to below middle of eye or more
M25o°r0e3Pt.ao5rn'a,Sp,e2r71°c50i23s°'4S6,n.e61'b5Eu3,l°3o11s'6aE.,6Q8m6,Mm,11J1.u43l6M827a04r,022;0101Q13M(smkme1l.,e3t6o8nH7)5e.,rv1e5y2 mBamy,, pcootoshmteperrrieogsreslneyedrai()ng.eonAtehrearldleytgaecinyleleridan)d;reixcaaanmldionrhaetsiaubodcnyalniondfdrboiosctadelyolaonmgtoiedrceiarolarltyaenlidyn
samedata(skeletons).
Parapercissp.3 (undescribed)QM1.36876, 118mm,eastofSouth myologicalfeatureswasnotcarriedoutonSimipercis;however
StradbrokeL,27°48.8'S,153°49.7'E,161-165m,24Jul2002(skeleton). itagreeswellwiththefamilialdiagnosisanddescriptionofRosa
andRosa, 1998andwithadditionalfeaturesofthefamilydefined
byImamuraandMatsuura,2003thatwereexamined(eg.unique
Simipercisgen. nov.
crestonthehyomandibularpresent,posteriormarginofopercular
Typespecies.Simipercistrispinosasp.nov. bone moderately concave, six branchiostegal rays, lowermost
Diagnosis.ThetypespeciesofSimipercisdiffersfromallother rayofpectoralfinbranched, 15branchedcaudal-finrays).
generaofthefamilyPinguipedidaeinhaving3 dorsalspines,a Etymology.FromtheLatinsimilis,meaning similarorlike,in
low naked fleshy nuchal crest (fig. Id), and dorsal angle of referencetothepinguipedidgenusPercisBlochandSchneider,
opercularbonebroad, notforming adistinctexposed, pointed 1801 (the latterbeingpreoccupiedbythe agonid genus Percis
spine(figs 2a-d), andacombinationofthefollowingfeatures: Scopoli, 1777).
vomerandpalatinesedentate,subopercleandpreopercleentire,
10 abdominal and 20-21 caudal vertebrae, scales including Simipercistrispinosasp.nov.
thoseonheadandpelvicregionlargeand ctenoid, interorbital ThreespineGrubfish
with a single row oflarge scales, extending to, orjustbeyond
anterior margin of eye, suborbital scales reaching a vertical Figures la-e,2a-d,4;Tables 1-2.
between anteriormargin ofpupil and anteriormargin ofeye, Materialexamined.Holotype.QM1.32697,114mm,eastofNoosa,Qld,
and head and body moderately compressed (body width 1.3- 26°24'S,153°39'E,104m,QueenslandFisheriesService,22Jun2001.
1.55indepthinadults). Paratypes: (N=92)AMS 1.31473-002, 130mm, offlluka,NSW,
29°24'S, 153°35'E,67-77m,K.GrahamonFRVKapala,6May 1990;
RemarksThe new genus is mostclosely relatedtoParapercis AMS 1.32121-004, 120 mm, offNewcastle, NSW,32°53'S, 152°01'E,
Bleeker, 1863, with similar vertebral counts and dental 73-79m,K.GrahamonFRVKapala,1Jun1990;AMS1.32209-002,2:
formulae, but is unique among pinguipedid fishes in having 66.5-116 mm, offNewcastle, NSW, 32°54'S, 151°57'E, 6A-70 m, K.
threedorsal spines{Kochichthys2,Parapercis4-6,Pinguipes GrahamonFRVKapala, 23 May 1990;AMS 1.32217-001, 5: 105.5-
c6r-e7s,tP(rnoolaftlielshuysc4r,ePsstekundoowpenricnisot4h-e7r)g,eanelroaw),naankdeddofrlseosphoysntuecrhiaolr o1n35FmRmV,KaopffalNae,wc2a9sAtlueg,1N9S9W1;,A3M2°S53'1S.,33155120°-0020'4E,,9773-m7m5,mE,oKf.CGlraraehnacme
R.,NSW, 29°26'S, 153°34'E, 6^68m,K. GrahamonFRVKapala, 2
angle of opercular bone not forming an exposed, distinctly Apr 1992;AMS 1.37355-011, 6: 39-109 mm, EofSwainReefs, Qld,
pointed spine (figs 2a-d). The dorsoposterior angle of the 22°23.49'S, 153°04.48'E, 170m,trap,J.LowryandK.DempseyonFV
opercular bone is relatively broad and narrowly truncate Seadar Bay, 8 Sep 1995;AMS 1.37572-001, 105 mm, south-east of
posteriorly, with a minute shallow notch. The posteroventral Evans Head, NSW, 29°13'S, 153°31'E, 51-53 m, K. Graham on FRV
edgeofthenotchformsafeeble,bluntlytriangularpointwhich Kapala, 15Jun 1995;AMS 1.37587-008, 100mm,EofSwainReefs,
risidhgieddoenntbhyetihnenesrkinsuirnfaucnedaofmatgheedopsepreccuilmaernsb.onAehiosrivziosnitballe SQleda,da2r2°B2a3y.,498'SS,ep15139°9054.;4A8'ME,S113.837m6,00J-.0L3o0w,r2y:7a0n-d1K1.8Dmemm,psEeoyfoSnwaFiVn
externally under light, and is situated well below the dorsal DReeemfps,seQyldo,n2F2V°28S.e3a4d'aSr,B1a5y2,°589.S4e5p'E1,99153;9AmM,Str1a.p3,82J7.1L-0o0w1r,y2:a5n8d-7K5.
marginoftheopercle.Theridgeterminates slightlybeforethe mm,offNewcastle,NSW,32°54'S, 151°58'E,67-72m,K. Grahamon
posteriortipofopercularbone. Inothergenerathereisatleast FRVKapala,6Apr1995;AMS1.40462-001,2: 87.5-121mm,south-E
oneexposed,robust, distinctlypointedopercularspine, andin ofSandonBluffs,NSW,29°40'S,153°28'E,55-59m,K.GrahamonFV
Parapercis, the horizontal ridge on the inner face of the TraderHorn,6Sep1999;AMS1.43651-002,76mm,EofManly,NSW,
iotpserdcourlsaarlbomanregiisns,itauantdedevxetreyndcslosteototh(eratthiep,rtrheainnfwoerlclibngelotwh)e 3F3V°K3i6r.5r'aSw,a1n5a1,°2190.A3u'Egto203035°;40B.5M'SN,H15210°0256..68.'2E.,1,691-1840mmm,,KE.oGfrCaohoalmumo,n
Qld,26°30.6'S, 153°35.2'E, 102.3m,QueenslandFisheriesService,21
opercularspine(figs3a-f). Jun 2001; BPBM 37231, 4: 118-125 mm, off Newcastle, NSW,
Simipercisalsodiffersfromotherpinguipedidgenerabythe 32°53.5'E, 151°59.5'E, 6^75 m, K. Graham on FRV Kapala, 6 Mar
combination of: vomer and palatines edentate (only Prolatilus 1991; CAS 222272, 116 mm, off Newcastle, NSW, 32°53.5'E,
lacks vomerineteeth, onlyProlatilusand someParapercislack 151°59.5'E,67.7-71.3m,K. Graham,6Mar1991;CSIROH.6247-01,
palatineteeth);marginofsubopercleentire(usuallyatleastsome 112mm,offsouthernendofSwainReefs,Qld,22°26.1'S, 152°41.1'E,
Simipercistrispinosa,anewgenusandspeciesofSandperch(Perciformes: Pinguipedidae)fromeasternAustralia 59
Table1.SelectedmeristicandmorphologicalvaluesfortypespecimensofSimipercistrispinosa(measurementsaspercentageofstandardlength).
Holotype Paratypes (n=92)
QM
1.32697 (range)
Standardlength(mm) 114 39.5- 135
Dorsal-finrays III,24 III,24-25
Anal-finrays I, 18 I, 17-19
Pectoral-finrays 20 19-21
Gillrakers 4+ 11 = 15 3-6+9-13 = 12-18
Lateral-linescales 50 46-54
Upperjawteeth(outerrow) 27+27 24-29+24-29
Lowerjawteeth(outerrow) 4+4 4-5+4-5
Vertebrae(abdominal -i-caudal) 10+21 10+20(2)-21 (10)
Bodydepth 20.7 19.0-24.0
Bodywidth 15.3 14.4-17.2
Headlength 25.9 24.9-27.8
Snoutlength 5.0 4.0-6.3
Orbitdiameter 9.2 7.4- 10.2
Interorbitalwidth 2.7 2.2-2.9
Preorbitaldepth 3.8 2.8-4.0
Upperjawlength 10.4 9.8-11.1
Predorsallength 25.0 24.3-26.2
Preanallength 43.0 41.3-46.4
Prepelviclength 24.6 22.8-25.4
Caudal-peduncledepth 9.1 8.5-9.7
Caudal-pedunclelength 10.0 8.2-11.1
Dorsal-finbase 64.6 64.3-70.0
Firstdorsal-finspinelength 4.2 3.3-4.9
Seconddorsal-finspinelength 5.4 5.0-6.2
Thirddorsal-finspinelength 6.9 6.1 -8.3
Longestdorsal-finray 21.3 17.5-23.6
Anal-finbase 48.7 46.0-49.8
Anal-finspinelength 7.3 6.0-8.8
Longestanal-finray 14.4 11.9-15.1
Caudal-finlength 21.2 19.2-25.4
Pectoral-finlength 23.2 20.8-23.9
Pelvic-finlength 22.9 18.4-26.2
Table2.Frequencyoflateral-linescalesandgillrakersintypespecimensofSimipercistrispinosa.
Lateral-line scales
46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
2 6 13 13 13 22 12 11 1
Gillrakers
Upper Lower Total
3 4 5 6 9 10 11 12 13 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
14 50 28 1 8 42 42 - 1 2 12 30 32 15 1 1
60 JeffreyW.JohnsonandJohnE. Randall
112m,RVGwendolineMay,23Apr2004;NSMTP.70863, 105.5mm, Other material: (spirit specimens)AMS E.2963, 78 mm, 21 km
EofCoolum,Qld,26°30.6'S,153°35.2'E,102.3m,QueenslandEisheries north-east of North Reef, Qld, 23°07'S, 152°05'E, 128 m, EIS
Service,21 Jun2001;QM1.22042,4: 82-116mm,EofSwainReefs, Endeavour, 1909; AMS 1.32199-003, 56 mm, offAngourie, NSW,
Qld,22°06'S, 153°02'E, 150m,QueenslandEisheries Service, 28Aug 29°28'S,153°33'E,64-66m,K.GrahamonERVKapala,20Nov 1990;
1983;QM1.33181,96mm,EofCoolum,Qld,26°32'S, 153°39'E, 123 AMS1.33577-001,107mm,offClarenceR.,NSW,29°29'S,153°33'E,
m,QueenslandEisheriesService,8Aug2001;QM1.33182,98.5mm,E 66-70m,K.GrahamonERVKapala,19Mar1992;AMS1.37978-003,
of Noosa, Qld, 26°28'S, 153°39'E, 112.3 m, Queensland Eisheries 59 mm, off Sandon Bluffs, NSW, 29°44'S, 153°26'E, 55-61 m, K.
Service, 8 May 2001; QM1.33183, 25: 59.5-123 mm, EofCoolum, GrahamonEVTraderHorn,1Jul 1999;AMS1.39897-003, 112mm,
Qld,26°30.6'S, 153°35.2'E, 102.3m,QueenslandEisheriesService,21 offSandonBluffs,NSW,29°44'S, 153°26'E,55-62m,K. Grahamon
Jun 2001; QM 1.33333, 3: 80-96.5 mm, E ofPoint Cartwright, Qld, EVTraderHorn,8Jul1999;QM1.36878,6:63-118mm,EofPeregian
26°39'S, 153°35'E, 112m,QueenslandEisheriesService, 14Sep2001; Beach, 26°25.9'S, 153°45.2'E, 132-134 m, Queensland Eisheries
QQuMee1n.s3l3a9n9d4,E4i:sh6er^i8es2Smemrv,icEe,of1N9oJousla,20Q0l2d;,2Q6°M201'S.,33195935°,461'6E:,6151-01m1,8 2Se6r°v3i0c.e6,'S1,81J5u3l°2350.022';E,QM1021.3m7,22Q4u,ee12n:sl7a^n1d2E1ismhmer,ieEsoSferCvoiocel,um2,1QJludn,
mSemr,vicEe,of19NoJousla2,0Q0l2d;,Q26M°215.'3S,414125,3°24:0'8E7,.51-1191m5,mQmu,eeEnsolfanNodoEsias,heQrlide,s Q20M01.1.(3s6ke8l7e2t,al1s1p3ecmimm,enQs)MQ1M.316.837638,701,0709mmmm,,aQllME1o.f36C8o71o,lu1m2,4mQlmd,,
Q2161M°924m1',.S3,Q6u817e59e3,n°4s21:l'aE1n,1d39E-8i1s1mh8,ermiQemuse,eSneErsvloiafcneNd,ooE1si9ash,Jeurl2i62e°0s202S2.e2;r'vSUi,cSe1N,53M1°7432M.84a3'4yE0,4210110215;8- J21u65l°33°232.509.0'22S';,E,1Q5130M°236m1.,.33'Q7Eu2,2e3e1,n1s9l1-a01n92d0mEmim,s,heQruEieeesonSfselrCavonicodel,Euim2s1,heJrQuilneds,20S0e2r16v.°i3c0e.,6'2S0,
mm, off Newcastle, NSW, 32°53.5'E, 151°59.5'E, 67.7-71.3 m, K.
Graham,6Mar. 1991. Diagnosis. Seegenericdiagnosis.
E
Eigure1.TypespecimensofSimipercistrispinosa.(A)Holotype,QM1.32697, 114mmSL,male(B)Paratype,BPBM37231,125mmSL,male
(C)Paratype,AMS1.32217-001,115mmSL,male(photo:K.Graham)(D)Paratype,CSIROH.6247-01,112mmSL,male,dorsalviewofnape,
showingfleshynuchalcrest(photo:D.Gledhill)(E)Paratype,AMS1.43651-002,76mmSL,female(photo:S.Humphries).
Simipercistrispinosa,anewgenusandspeciesofSandperch(Perciformes: Pinguipedidae)fromeasternAustralia 61
Description.Dorsal-finraysIII,24(3withIII,25rays);anal-fin margin ofeye, separated along dorsal midline by alow fleshy
raysI, 18(3withI, 17and 1 withI, 19);alldorsal-andanal-fin nuchalcrestandnotinwell-definedrowsofequally-sizedscales,
raysbranched,lasttobase;pectoral-finrays20(19-21,30with continuinginasinglerowofafurther8(8-9)largescalesfrom
19,5with21),upperrayunbranched,othersincludinglowermost posterior margin of eye through interorbital space to anterior
branched; pelvic-fin rays I, 5; branched caudal-fin rays 15; margin of eye, orjust forward of this point; origin of nuchal
3^
lateral-linescales50(46-54),plus smallerscalesoncaudal- crestabout3 scalesbehindposteriormarginofeye,termination
finbase;scalesabovelaterallinetooriginofdorsalfin3,tobase about21/2 scales anteriorto dorsal-fin origin; horizontal row of
ofanteriorsoftraysofdorsalfin21/2;scalesbelowlaterallinein scalesfrompreorbitalacrosscheektoedgeofpreopercle14;gill
anobliquerowtooriginofanalfin10(10-11);circumpeduncular rakers on 1st arch 4-1-11, total 15 (3-6-1-9-13=12-18);
scales 19 (19-20); predorsal scales about9 (8-10) to posterior branchiostegalrays6;vertebrae 10-1-21 (20-21).
Figure2.OperculaofSimipercistrispinosa,showingpoorlydeveloped
pointsatdorsoposteriorangle,andlowpositionofinnerhorizontally-
QM mm
alignedopercularridge. (A) 1.36872, 113 SL,outersurface
QM mm QM mm
(B) 1.36872,113 SL,innersurface(C) 1.36871,124
QM mm
SL,outersurface(D) 1.36871, 124 SL,innersurface.
Figure3.OperculaofselectedspeciesofParapercis,showingstrong,
well-developed spine at dorsal angle and high position of inner
QM
horizontally-alignedopercularridge.(A)P.binivirgata, 1.37221,
mm QM mm
146 SL, outersurface(B) P. binivirgata, 1.37221, 146
QM mm
SL, innersurface (C) P. nebulosa, 1.36875, 152 SL, outer
QM mm
surface(D)P.nebulosa, 1.36875, 152 SL,outersurface(E)
QM mm QM
P.“sp.3”, I.36876,118 SL,outersurface(F)P.“sp.3”,
mm
I.36876, 118 SL,innersurface.
62 JeffreyW.JohnsonandJohnE. Randall
Body depth 4.85 (4.15-5.25) in SL; body moderately
compressed, greatest width 1.35 (1.15-1.55) in body depth,
juvenilessubcylindrical,butspecimensbecomingincreasingly
compressed with age (1.3-1.55 in specimens greaterthan 90
mm
SL); head length 3.85 (3.6-4.0) in SL, proportionately
1-^ longest in adults; snout blunt, its length 5.2 (3.9-6.4) in HL;
i orbitdiameter2.8(2.6-3.5)inHL;eyesdirectedmorelaterally
thandorsally,bonyinterorbitalspacenarrow,9.5(8.6-12.0)in
V
-H'*' HL; caudal-peduncle depth 2.85 (2.65-3.15) in HL; caudal-
pedunclelength2.6(2.35-3.2)inHL.
Mouthslightlyoblique,terminal,withcurvedcanineteeth
u
atfrontoflowerjawslightlyprojectingandvisiblewhenmouth
is closed; upperjaw extending to a vertical between anterior
marginandmiddleofpupil,upperjawlength2.5(2.35-2.6)in
HL; upperjaw with 27 (24-29) outercurved canines, closely
andevenlyspaced,2ndor3rdfromsymphysislargest,butnot
distinctly larger than those following, gradually reducing in
sizeposteriorly,broadinnerbandofvilliformteethanteriorly,
narrowinggraduallytoformsinglerowatrearofjaw;frontof
lowerjawoneachsidewith4(4-5,usually5)enlargedcurved
% canines in distinctly separate outer row, tooth nearest
symphysis smallest, the others gradually increasing in size
laterally, 4th usually largest (occasionally 5th), broad inner
f bandofvilliformteeth extending posteriorlyfrom symphysis
tosideofjaw 12-18rowsback,next5-7teethenlargedandin
J single row (of these, 4-5 posterior-most teeth largest and
£<.< - strongly recurved), then followed by single row of 12-17
' lOu smallerslightlycurvedconicalteeth.Totalnumberofteethin
1 eachjaw generally slightly more in adults than injuveniles.
Vomerand palatines edentate. Tongue spatulate withbroadly
roundedtip,its surfacecoveredwithtinypapillae.
Gill membranes unitedwithbroadfree fold, not attached
toisthmus.Gillrakersshort,thelongestaboutone-thirdlength
i oflongestgill filamenton 1stgill arch.Anteriornostril small,
inconspicuous, situated in front of centre of eye about one-
thirddistancetotipofsnout,withmembranousposteriorflap,
the latter folded around near base to form partial tube, flap
usually lying flat against snout in preserved specimens.
Posteriornostrilclosetoanteriormarginofeye,dorsoposterior
to, and about 3 times width of anterior nostril, its opening
simple, anterior edge thin and slightly expanded, making
apertureslightlyoval-shaped;internarialdistanceabouttwice
widthofposteriornostril.
n Opercle with no exposed pointed spine; dorsoposterior
j angleofopercularbonenarrowlytruncatewithminuteshallow
iT'
notch, posteroventral corner of notch broadly and bluntly
1[
triangular, but hidden by skin and scales or barely exposed;
4
subopercleandpreopercleentire,themarginsbroadlyrounded
andslightlyoverlappedbylargectenoidscales.
Lateral line continuous, ascending fairly abruptly from
'Xj-a. i opercleto below origin ofsoftdorsal fin,then approximately
following contourofback; all scales ctenoid, exceptforthose
Figure4.DistributionofSimipercistrispinosabasedonspecimens onpelvicfinsanddistallyonpectoral fins,thoseonmiddleof
examined. sides with about50 cteni; scales on cheek extending forward
to a vertical between anterior margin of eye and anterior
margin of pupil; no scales on dorsal and anal fins; small
elongatecycloidscalesonbasal3rdofpelvicfins;smallscales
on basal 4th ofpectoral fins, ctenoid proximally and cycloid
Simipercistrispinosa,anewgenusandspeciesofSandperch(Perciformes: Pinguipedidae)fromeasternAustralia 63
distally;proportionatelylargerctenoidscalesdenselyarranged Etymology. Erom the Latin tres meaning three, and spina
onbasaltwo-thirdsofcaudalfin. meaningthornorspine,inreferencetothe3 dorsal-finspines,a
Origin of dorsal fin at a vertical just anterior to tip of characterstatenotfoundinanyotherspeciesofPinguipedidae.
opercular flap, the predorsal length 4.0 (3.8^.1) in SL; 1st
dorsal-fin spine shortest, 6.15 (5.1-7.6) in HL; 3rd dorsal-fin Remarks. Although it has a distributional range of at least 11
spine longest, 3.75 (3.1^.25) in HL; membrane from 3rd degrees latitude, Simipercis trispinosa has been trawled from
only several relatively small areas ofthe eastAustralian coast
spine to 1st soft ray moderately notched, attached at about
(fig. 4). There appears to be a strong correlation between
four-fifthsheightof3rddorsal-finspine;longestdorsal-finsoft
raythe 19th (18th-20th), 1.2 (1.2-1.45) inHL; origin ofanal increased depth of capture and decreasing latitude across the
range ofthe species. Specimens from nearthe northern range
finbelow base of7thto 8th softdorsal-finray, preanal length
extremity, in the southern Great Barrier Reefregion, occur in
2.35 (2.15-2.4) in SL; anal-fin spine slender, closely attached
ttohe1s1t5tshof(t1r5atyh,o3r.5156th()3,.015.-83.(17.)7-i2n.H1L);inlHonLg;esctausdoaftlafnianlt-rfuinncraatye csoonustihdeerrnaebnldy,girneNateerwdSeoputthhsW(a1l1e2s-(15710-8m0)m)t.haTnhotsheosecenattratlhley
located, off the Sunshine Coast in southern Queensland were
to slightlyrounded,butinmales3rdbranchedrayfromupper
recorded from intermediate depths (98-123 m). Most trawl
marginfilamentous,andabout10th-13thraysslightlyproduced
toformasmall lobe,lengthofcaudal finwithoutfilament4.7 c1a1t0chmesmofSSL.twriitshpipnroosamihnaevnetinficnlumdaerdkisenvgesraalnmdalweeslli-ndeexvceelsospeodf
(3.95-5.2) in SL; pectoral fins rounded, 12th ray usually caudal-fin filaments (maximum recorded size 135 mm SL),
longest, 4.3 (4.2^.8) in SL, longerthan pelvic fins in adults,
among a larger group of smaller females, ranging from about
shorter than pelvic fins in juveniles; origin of pelvic fins in 60-100mmSL.Thelargestfemaleexaminedwithripe gonads
advanceofupperbaseofpectoralfinsandslightlyanteriortoa mm
verticalfromdorsal-finorigin,prepelviclength4.05(3.95^.4) measured100 SL.Nuchalcrestswerenotedinspecimensof
in SL; pelvic-fin spine closely attached to 1st soft ray, its allsizesandarenotrelatedtoage,genderorsexualmaturity.
termination very fleshy and difficult to accurately determine;
Acknowledgements
4th softpelvic-finraylongest, reaching almostto base of2nd
softanal-finray(originofanalfintobaseof3rdsoftray),4.35 We thank D. Roy and M. Tonks, Queensland Department of
(3.8-5.45)inSL. Primary Industries and Eisheries, for provision of fresh
Colourinalcohol. Head,bodyandfinsmostlyuniformlypale specimens;M. McGrouther,AustralianMuseum,forsending
fyaeilnltolwyigsrheybirsho.wnN.arMraorwginnaskedofarsecaaloefsnuocnhaulpcpreerstpsairltveorfy-wbhoidtye mGartaehraiaml,oNnSlWoan;EisDh.erGileesdhialnld, MC.SIMRcOGrMoaurtihneer,Refsoerarmcahk,inKg.
available photographs of the new species; and H. Imamura,
(gradually fading in preservative), interspersed variably with
duskymelanophores. HokkaidoUniversityMuseum,forkindlyprovidingvertebral
counts of Kochichthys and Pseudopercis specimens that he
Colourfresh. Male holotype pale rose-pink, with numerous hadexamined.
vaguenarrow obliqueposteroventrally-directedyellow bands,
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