Siege Warfare (1): The Fortress In The Early Modern World 1494-1660 PDF
Preview Siege Warfare (1): The Fortress In The Early Modern World 1494-1660
Siege Warfare Christopher Duffy • Ie e a r a r e The Fortress in the Early Modern World 1494-1660 Routledge & Kegan Paul London and Henley Firstpublishedin 1979 byRoutledge&KeganPaulLtd 39StoreStreet, London WC1ETDDand BroadwayHouse, NewtownRoad, Henley-on-Thames, OxonRG91EN SetinMonophotoEhrhardt andprintedin GreatBritainby BASPrintersLimited, OverWallop, Hampshire © ChristopherDuffy 1979 Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedin anyform withoutpermissionfromthe publisher,exceptforthequotationofbrief passagesincriticism BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Duffy, Christopher Siege Warfare. 1.Attackanddefence (Militaryscience) 2. Sieges I. Title 355.4'4'09031 UG444 78-41274 ISBN071008871X Contents Preface xi Prologue: The EarliestArtillery Fortification One Fortress Warfare in Renaissance Italy 8 Two Later Italian Wars and the Origins of PermanentArtillery Fortification 1530-1600 23 Three The Frontiers of France 1513-59 43 Four The Eighty Years War in the Netherlands 1566-1648 58 Five The Apprenticeship of France 1560-1660 106 Six The English Civil War and the Subjugation of Ireland 140 Seven The Baltic Empires 163 Eight The Sultan and his Enemies 191 Nine FortressWarfare beyond the Seas 220 Ten The Fortress and Humankind 247 Bibliography 265 General Index 277 Subject Index 288 Illustrations I Late medieval fortification in decay 3 31 Dutch fortification 9° 2 ExteriorofoneofDurer's roundels 5 32 Coevorden as rebuilt byMaurice 92 3 SectionofoneofDurer's roundels 5 33 Progress ofan attack, with trenches and 4 Deal Castle 6 redoubts 94 5 Renaissancecannon 9 34 Batteryshootingabreach from the 6 Defenceofabreach at Siena 17 counterscarp 97 7 The citadel ofTurin 24 35 SiegeofMunster bythe German 8 Abastioned fortress undersiege 28 princes, 1657 98 9 View ofthe masonryofabastion 29 36 Final stages ofasiege 99 10 Caprarola 3° 37 The siegeofs'Hertogenbosch, 1629 1°3 II The SanBernardino Bastion at Verona 31 38 Montmelian 115 12 Porta SanPietro (Lucca) 32 39 Errard's fortification 117 13 Classicpentagonal citadel 33 4° SiegeofMontauban, 1621 119 14 Ravelin at Sarzanello 35 41 LaRochelle 120 15 Defenceofabastion 37 42 La Rochelle 121 16 'Families' ofItalian engineers 38-g 43 Fort Fuentes 122 17 Boulogne 48 44 Nancy 123 18 Salses 49 45 SiegeofTurin, 1640 127 19 The siege ofMetz 1552/53 51 46 One ofthe bastions ofMontmedy 137 20 SiegeofThionville 55 47 Berwick-upon-Tweed 141 21 Daniel Speckle 56 48 Plan ofthe Oxford fortifications 15° 22 SpanishmassacreatOudewater 1575 67 49 BasingHouse 156 23 StatueofAlva in the citadelofAntwerp 68 5° The fortifications ofLondon 158 24 Thedemolition ofthe Antwerp citadel 69 51 Castle Parkon the Bandonat Kinsale 161 25 Parma's assaulton Tournai, 1581 75 52 SiegeofSmolensk 168 26 SiegeofOudenarde, 1582 77 53 One ofthe Smolensk towers 171 27 The Spanish bridge at Antwerp, 1585 78 54 Thegulyai-gorodatMoscow, 1606 172 28 Giambelli's infernal machine destroys 55 Vyrodkov's prefabricated siege tower at the Spanish bridge 79 Kazan, 1552 173 29 MauriceofNassau's siege ofCoevorden, 56 Gustavus's siege ofWolgast, 1630 176 1592 83 57 Tilly's siege ofMagdeburg, 163I 177 3° SiegeofOstend, 16o1-4 87 58 Gustavus is checked at Ingolstadt 181 viii Illustrations 59 The Swedishfortifications at Augsburg 183 72 Turkish fortification in 'palanka' style 216 60 Fort Gustavsburgat Mainz 184 73 The bastioned 'Citadel' ofHuein 61 StormofFrederiksodde, 1657 186-7 Annam 233 62 Siegeofthe monastery at Czestochowa, 74 Japanese tower at Odawara 243 1655 189 75 Himeji Castle 244 63 Zamosc 190 76 Starvationinabesiegedtown 253 64 The Grand Harbourat Malta, 1565 193 77 Maidenly virtue under attack 258 65 The works atValletta 194 78 Vienna in the laterseventeenthcentury 262 66 Nicosia 195 79 Vienna. Thefirst ofaseries of 67 Neuhausel 202 photographs taken in about 1858 263 68 Komorn 2°3 80 The correspondingview westwards, 69 Cherta fortifications 206 looking up the Danube Canal 263 7° Turkishtrenchattack 212 81 Sideviewofthe Karntnertor 264 71 Turkish cannon 213 82 Frontal viewofthe Karntnertor 265 Maps Italy in the earlysixteenth century: political 10 Denmark, with south Norway and south Sweden 164 North Italian fortresses in the sixteenth and earlyseventeenthcenturies 26-7 Poland and western Russia 166 North and north-east France in the sixteenth Central Europe in the ThirtyYears War 178 and earlyseventeenthcenturies 44 Western Mediterranean 198 The Spanish Netherlands in the Eighty Years The theatre ofwaron the Danube 200 War: politicaland strategic 60 Siberia 208--() Fortresses in the northern Netherlands in the sixteenthand seventeenthcenturies 62 Persia 208 France in the Religious Wars 108 Africa, the Indian Ocean and the Spice Islands 221 Ireland 142 South-EastAsia 231 England and Wales in the Civil War 148 China under the Mings 234 Oxford and its satellite posts 152 Japan and Korea 241
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