Si-Yu-Ki Buddhist Records of the Western World : Translated from the Chinese of Hiuen Tsiang (A.D. 629) Vol II

380 Pages·1884·9.818 MB·English

by  Samuel Beal, Xuanzang

SI-YU-KI.
BUDDHIST BECOBDS
OF
THE WESTERN WORLD.
TRANSLATED FROM THE CHINESE OF
HIUEN TSIANG. (A.D. 6sg).
HiisanTsang
BY
SAMUEL BEAL,
B.A< (TRIN, COL. CAMB.), R.N. (RETIRED CHAPLAIN AND N.I.), PROFESSOR OF CHINESE,
UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON ; RECTOR OF WARK, NORTHUMBERLAND, ETC.
IN TWO VOLUMES.
VOL. II.
LONDON:
TEU BN ER & CO., LU D GATE HILL.
1884.
[All rights reserved.]

'Baffantgne
BALLANTYNE, HANSON AND CO.
EDINBURGH AND LONDON

CONTENTS.
PAGE
Book YI.—Four Countries . . . . • 1-43
(i) Shi-lo-fu-shi-ti (Sravastl) . . . . 1
(2) Kie-pi-lo-fa-su-tu (Kapilavastu) . . • 13
(3) Lan-mo (Raraagrama) . . . . 26
(4) Kiu-shi-na-kie-lo (KuRnagara) . . • 3i
Book VII.—Five Countries . • . . . 44-81
(1) P’o-lo-ni-sse (Varanaai) . . . • 44
(2) Chen-chu (Ghazipur) . . . . 61
(3) Fei'-she-li (VaRali) . . . . . 66
(4) Fo-li-shi (Vrijji) . . . . • 77
(5) Ni-po-lo (Nep&l) . . .' . . 80
Book VIII.—Mo-kie-t’o (Magadha) . . ■ 82-137
Book IX.—Magadha (continuedI) . . . 138-185
Book X.—Seventeen Countries . . . 1S6-234
(1) I-lan-na-po-fa-to (Hiranyaparvata) . ' . 186
(2) Chen-po (Champ:i) . . . . . 191
(3) Kie-chu-koh-khi-lo (Kajugliira or Kajingarha) • 193
(4) Pun-na-fa-t’an-na (Pilndravarddhana) . • 194
(5) Kia-mo-lu-po (Kamardpa) . . . • I9S
(6) San-mo-ta-ch’a (Samotata) . . . ■ 199
(7) Tan-mo-li-ti (Tamralipti) . . . . 2CO
(8) Kie-lo-na-su-fa-la-na (Karnasuvarna) . . ’ 201
(9) U-ch’a (Udra)..................................................... . 204
(10) Kong-u-t’o (Kdnyodlja?) . . . . 206
vi CONTENTS.
Book X.—continued paoe
(n) Kie-ling-kia (Kalinga) . . . . 207
(12) Kiao-sa-lo (Kosala). . . . . 209
(13) ’An-ta-lo (Andhra) . . . . . 2 1 7
(14) T’o-na-kie-tse-kia (Dhanakataka) . . . 221
(15) Chu-li-ye (Chulya or Chola) . . . 227
(16) Ta-lo-pi-ch’a (Dravida) . . . . 228
(17) Mo-lo-kiu-ch’a (Malakftta) . . . . 230
Book XI.—Twenty-three Countries . . 235-282
(1) Sftng-kia-lo (Simliala) . . . . 235
(2) Kong-kin-na-pu-lo (K6nkanapura). . . 253
(3) Mo-ho-la-ch’a (Maharashtra) . . . 255
(4) Po-lu-kie-ch’e-p’o (Bharukachha) . . . 259
(5) Mo-la-p’o (Malava) . . . . . 260
(6) ’O-ch’a-li (Atali) . . . . . 265
(7) K’ie-ch’a (Kachha) . . . . . 266
(8) Fa-li-pi (Valabhi) . . . . . 266
(9) ’O-nan-t’o-pu-lo (Anandapura) . . . 268
(10) Su-la-ch’a (Surashtra) . . . . 268
(n) Kiu-che-lo (Gurjjara) . . . . 269
(12) U-she-yen-na (Ujjayini) . . . . 270
(13) Chi-ki-t’o (?). . . . . . 271
(14) Mo-hi-shi-fa-lo-pu-lo (MahSSvarapura) . . 271
(15) Sin-tu (Sindh) . . . . . 272
(16) Mu-lo-san-p’u-lo (Mhlasthanapura) . . 274
(17) Po-fa-to (Parvata) . . . . . 2 7 5
(18) ’O-tin-p’o-chi-lo (Atyanabakela) . . . 276
(19) Lang-kie-lo (Laiigala) . . . . 277
(20) Po-la-sse (Persia) . . . . . 277
(21) Pi-to-shi-lo (Pit&Silii) . . . . 279
(22) ’O-fan-ch’a (Avanda ? ) . . . . 280
(23) Fa-la-na (Varana or Varnu) . . . 281
Book XII.—Twenty-two Countries . . 283-326
(1) Tsu-ku-ch’a (Tsaukftta) . . . . 283
(2) Fo-li-shi-sa-t’ang-na (ParSustMna). . . 285
(3) ’An-ta-lo-po (Andarab) . . . . 286
CONTENTS. vii
Book XII.—continued. PA0E
(4) K’woh-si-to (Khost) . . . . 287
(5) IIwoli (Knnduz) . . . . . 287
(6) Mung-kin (Munjfm). . . . . 2 8 8
(7) ’O-li-ni (Ahreng) . . . . . 289
(8) Ho-lo-hu (Ragh) . . . . . 289
(9) Ki-li-seh-mo (Kbrishma, or Kishm) . . 289
(10) Po-li-ho (Bolor) . . . . . 289
(11) Hi-mo-ta-lo (Himatala) . . . . 290
(12) Po-to-chang-na (Badakshan) . . . 291
(13) In-po-kin (Yamgan) . . . . 291
(14) Kiu-lang-na (Kurfina) . . . . 292
(15) Ta-mo-sih-teh-ti (Tennistat) . . . 292
(16) Shi-k’i-ni (Shikhnan) . . . . 295
(17) Shang-mi (Sambi) . . . . . 296
(18) K’ie-p’an-t’o (Khabandba) . . . . 298
(19) U-sha(Och). . . . . . 304
(20) Kie-sha (Kashgar) . . . . . 306
(21) Cho-kiu-kia (Chakuka ? Yarkiang) . . 307
(22) Kiu-sa-ta-na (Khotan) . . . . 309
Index . . . . . . . . 327
* Corrections . . . . . . . 370

BUDDHIST B.ECOBDS OF THE
WESTERN WORLD.
BOOK VI.
Contains an account of four countries, viz., (i) Shi-lo-fu-shi-ti ;
(2) Kie-pi-lo fu-sse-to ; (3) Lan-mo; (4) Ku-shi-na-k’ie-lo.
SlII-LO-FU-SIII-TI [SliAVASTl],
The kingdom of Sravasti (Shi-lo-fu-shi-ti)1 is ahout
6000 li in circuit. The chief town is desert and ruined.
There is no record as to its exact limits (area). The ruins
of the walls encompassing the royal precincts2 give a circuit
1 The town of ^rfivasti, also called grandson of Yuvandsva. Jlarivarhla,
Dharmapattana (Trikdndasfcha, ii. I, 670; Vishn. Pur., vol. iii. p. 263 ;
13), inUttara (Northern) Kosala, has Hall’s Vdsavadatta, Int. p. 53 ;
been identified by Cunningham with Mah&bhdriii. 12518; P&nini, iv.
a great ruined city on the south 2, 97 ; Bhdgav. Pur., ix. 6, 21.
bank of the RUpti called Sahet With respect, however, to the date
M&het, about 58 miles north of of Vikramiiditya of Sravasti, Cun­
AyodhyA As Hiuen Tsiang gives ningham seems to be misled by the
the bearing north-east, and the statement of Hiuen Tsiang (ante, p.
distance about 500 li, he evidently 106) that he lived in the middle of
did not travel by the shortest route. the thousand years after Buddha,
Fa*hian (chap. xx.), on the contrary, as though this meant 500 a.b.,
gives the distance eight yCjanas, and whereas it means, as stated before,
the bearing (corrected) due north, in the middle of the thousand years
both of which are correct. For a which succeeded the 500 years after
full account of S&het iM&het see Buddha, 111 the middle of the u period
Cunningham, Arch. Survey of Ind., of images,” in fact. See also Bur-
vol. i. p. 331 ff.; see also J. It. As. S., nouf, Introd., pp. 20 f., 150, 209, 280;
vol. v. pp. 122 ff. It figures also in Lassen, Ind. Alt., vol. iii. pp. 200 f.;
Brahmanical literature, in which it Vassilief, pp. 38, 75, iSS, 218.
is said to have been founded by 8 Julien translates here and else­
Sravasta, the son of 6rava and where kung siting by palace, but it
VOL. II. A
2 RECORDS OF WESTERN COUNTRIES, [book vi.
of about 20 li. Though mostly in ruins, still there are a
few inhabitants. Cereals grow in great abundance; the
climate is soft and agreeable, the manners of the people
are honest and pure. They apply themselves to learning,
and love religion (merit'). There are several hundreds of
sanghdrdmas, mostly in ruin, with very few religious
followers, who study the books of the Sammatiya (Ching-
liang-pu) school. There are 100 Deva temples with very
many heretics. When Tatliagata was in the world, this
was the capital of the country governed by Prasenajita-
raj a (Po-lo-si-na-chi-to-wang).3
Within the old precincts of the royal city are some
ancient foundations; these are the remains of the palace of
King Shing-kwan (Prasenajita).
From this not far to the east is a ruinous foundation,
above which is built a small sttipa; these ruins represent
the Great Hall of the Law,4 which King Prasenajita built
for Buddha.
By the side of this hall, not far from it, above the ruins
a stdpa is built. This is where stood the mhara which
King Prasenajita built for Prajapati5 Bhikshuni, the
maternal aunt of Buddha.
shouldbe“the royal precincts/’ or the Little dependence, however, can be
portion of the city in which the royal placed on this genealogy, but it may
palace stood, and which was defended be compared with the Singhalese
by a surrounding wall. Cunning­ and Brahmanical lists, /. As. S. Ben.,
ham is right therefore in his remarks vol. vi. p. 714; Asiat. Res., vol. v.
on this point, p. 332, loc. cit. p. 286 ; Lassen, Jvd. AU., vol. i. pp.
8 PrasSnajit:—In the AsCka Ava- 859, xxxviii., vol. ii. pp. 71, 222,
ddna the following genealogy is 1207 ; Burnouf, Jntr., pp. 128, 320 ;
given:— Burgess, Archceol. Surv. W. India,
1. Bimbis&ra (cir. B.C. 540-512). Rep., vol. v. p. 43, and Cave Temples,
2. Aj&ta£atru, his son, 512. pp. 24 f. On Prasenajit, see Kop-
3. Udayibhadra, his son, 480. pen, Die Rel. d. Bud., vol. i. pp. 98,
4. Munda, his son, 46. 113, 495, 507 ; Vishn. Pur., vol. iv.
5. K&kavarnin, his Bon, 456. p. 171; Alahdbkdr., ii. 332, iii. 11072,
6. Sah&lin, his son. xii. 5924; Ilanv., 709 f., 2054.
7. Tulakuchi, his son. 4 The Saddbarma Mah&&U£.
8. Mah&mandala, his son, cir. 375. 0 Praj&pati, formerly written, as
9. Pras&najit, his son. a note tells us, Pajapati, with the
10. Nanda, his son. meaning “lord of creaturesit may
11. Bindus&ra, his son, 295. be observed here that Hiuen Tsiang
12. Susimo, his son. is the first to introduce the