Shock: Biochemical, Pharmacological, and Clinical Aspects: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Shock held at Como, Italy, October 10–11, 1969 PDF
Preview Shock: Biochemical, Pharmacological, and Clinical Aspects: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Shock held at Como, Italy, October 10–11, 1969
Shock: Biochemieal, Pharmacological, and Clinical Aspects ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY Editorial Board: Nathan Back Chairman, Department 0/ Biochemical Pharmacology, School 0/ Pharmacy, State University 0/ New York, BuIJalo, New York N. R. Di Luzio Chairman, Department 0/ Physiology, Tulane University School 0/ Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana Alfred Gellhorn University 0/ Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Bernard Halpern College de France, Director 0/ the Institute 0/ Immuno.Biology, Paris, France Ephraim Katchalski Department 0/ Biophysics, The Weizmann Institute 0/ Science, Rehovoth, Israel David Kritchevsky Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Abel Lajtha New York State Research Institute /or Neurochemistry and Drug Addiction, Ward's Island, New York Rodolfo Paoletti Institute 0/ Pharmacology, University 0/ Milan, Milan, Italy, and Institute 0/ Pharmacology, University 0/ Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy Volume 1 Volurne 6 THE RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM RED CELL METABOLISM AND FUNCTION AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS Edited by George J. Brewer • 1970 Edited by N. R. Di Luzio and R. Paoletti • 1967 Volume 7 Volume 2 SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF PHARMACOLOGY OF HORMONAL BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS POLYPEPTIDES AND PROTEINS Edited by Martin Blank· 1970 Edited by N. Back, L. Martini, and R. Paoletti • 1968 Volume 8 BRADYKININ AND RELATED KININS: Volume 3 Cardiovascular, Biochemical, and Neural Actions GERM·FREE BIOLOGY- Experimental Edited by F. Sicuteri, M. Rocha e Silva, and Clinical Aspects and N. Back· 1970 Edited by E. A. Mirand and N. Back· 1969 Volume4 Volume 9 DRUGS AFFECTING LIPID METABOLISM SHOCK: Biochemical, Pharmacological, Edited by W. L. Holmes, L. A. Carlson, and Clinical Aspects and R. Paoletti • 1969 Edited by A. Bertelli and N. Back· 1970 Volume 5 LYMPHATIC TISSUE AND GERMINAL Volume 10 CENTERS IN IMMUNE RESPONSE THE HUMAN TESTIS Edited by L. Fiore·Donati Edited by E. Rosemberg and M. G. Hanna, Jr. • 1969 and C. A. Paulsen • 1970 Shock: Biochemical, Pharmacological, and Clinical Aspects Proceedings of the International Symposium on Shock held at Corno, Italy, Octoher 10-11, 1969 Edited by Aldo Bertelli Institute 0/ f'harmacology University 0/ Milan Milan,ltaly and Nathan Back Department 0/ Biochemical Pharmacology School 0/ Pharmacy State University 0/ New York Buffalo, New Y ork <±> PLENUM PRESS· NEW YORK-LONDON • 1970 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 77·122624 ISBN 978-1-4684-3203-9 ISBN 978-1-4684-3201-5 (eBook) 001 10.1007/978-1-4684-3201-5 © 1970 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1970 A Division 0/ Plenum Publishing Corporation 227 West 17th Street, New Y ork, N. Y. 10011 United Kingdom edition published by Plenum Press, London A Division 0/ Plenum Publishing Company, Ltd. Donington House, 30 Nor/olk Street, London W.C.2, England All rights reserved No part 0/ this publication may be reproduced in any form without written permission from the publisher PREFACE Few pathologie phenomena, as shock, can originate from so many causes and involve so many complex physiologie mechanisms: The complexity of the phenomenon, thus, has resulted in extensive study and raised many uncertainties. Different conditions, such as hemorrhage, trauma, burns, bacterial infection, and anaphylaxis, can cause a shock state which initiates a chain of biochemical events that tends to maintain the shock. Recent progress in bio chemistry, physiology, and pharmacology has tended to clarify this chain of events, and elucidate the possible trigger mechanism. Besides the hormonal and catecholamine involvement, the possible intervention of various protease and lysosomal enzyme septems and kinin release introduces new elements into the characteristic mosaic of the shock state. This International Symposium, organized at Lake Corno by the Italian Society of Clinical Pharmacology and the International Society of Biochemical Pharmacology, is another in aseries of symposia under the joint auspices of the School of Pharmacy, State University of New York at Buffalo, and the Institute of Pharma cology, University of Milan, Italy. The Symposium has gathered together eminent scientists from such varied disciplines as surgery and pharmacology, internal medicine and biochemistry, physiology and pathology, all focusing on the question of shock. The many researchers in these specialities had the possibility of meeting and discussing together in a multidisciplinary fashion the many theories and experiences associated with this problem. The Symposium has provided an excellent setting for such discussion, and on the basis of the new information presented, new approaches have been proposed which may be of significant thera peutic benefit. Grateful thanks are extended to all participants. It is hoped that our meeting together here will result in continued and new collaborative efforts in this clinically important problem. Aldo Bertelli v LIST OF PARTICIPANTS G. Antoni, Istituto di Patologia Medica, Universita di Siena, Italy Desiree Armstrong, Department of Pharmacology, Middlesex Hospital Medical School, London, England N. Back, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York Z. M. Bacq, Laboratory of Radiobiology, L~on Fredericq Institute and Laboratory of Physiopathology, University of Liege, Belgium M. L. Beaumariage, Laboratory of Radiobiology, L~on Fredericq Institute and Laboratory of Physiopathology, University of Liege, Belgium F. Benvenuti, Istituto di Patologia Medica, Universit8 di Siena, Italy Alvise Berengo, Istituto di Patologia Medica I, University of Milan Medical School, Italy James L. Berk, Assistant Clinical Professor of Surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio H. Berry, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, England A. Bertelli, Institute of Pharmacology of the University of Milan Medical School, Italy G. C. Castiglioni, The Surgical Clinic of the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy F. Cocola, Istituto di Patologia Medica, Universita di Siena, Italy ~i viii LIST OF PARTICIPANTS J. G. Collier, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, England Camillo Cortesini, Departments of Surgical Pathology and of Anesthesiology of the University of Florence, Italy Clifford G. Crafton, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana P. L. DeI Bianco, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Italy H. L. Dhar, Department of Pharmacology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India N. R. Di Luzio, University of Tennessee Medical Units, Memphis, Tennessee L. Donati, Institute of Pharmacology of the University of Milan Medical School, Italy M. Fanciullacci, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Italy L. Gallone, Istituto di Patologia Speciale Chirurgica, Ospedale Maggiore "Ca'Granda", Milan, Italy G. GeissI, Department of Pathology, University of Munieh, West Germany A. Gerola, Istituto di Patologia Medica, Universita di Siena, Italy L. Gielow, Department of Pathology, University of Munieh, West Germany J. A. Gladner, National Institute of Arthritic and Metabolie Diseases, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, Maryland E. Glaser, Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany George J. Grega, Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan Gert L. Haberland, Forschungszentrum, Bayer Wuppertal, Germany LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ix Francis J. Haddy, Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan Robert M. Hardaway, 111, Medical Corps. United States Army General Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany D. Hey, Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany J. C. Houck, Biochemical Research Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Washington, D. C. J. Karn, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York Kurt Kramer, Physiologisches Institut der Universität Muenchen, Germany H. G. Lasch, Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany J. Lecomte, Laboratory of Radiobiology, L~on Fredericq, Institute and Laboratory of Physiopathology, University of Liege, Belgium L. Lojacono, The Surgical Clinic of the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy P. Neri, Istituto di Patologia Medica, Universita di Siena, Italy H. Neuhof, Department of Internal Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany M. Neuman, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France Gian Paolo Novelli, Departments of Surgical Pathology and Anesthesiology, University of Florence, Italy Elio Pagni, Departments of Surgical Pathology and Anesthesiology, University of Florence, Italy Carlo Palmerio, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts M. Rocha e Silva, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao, Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil A. Schauer, Department of Pathology, University of Munich, West Germany x LIST OF PARTICIPANTS Charles L. Schneider, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne County General Hospital, Eloise, Michigan James M. Schwinghamer, Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan F. Sicuteri, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Florence, Italy John H. Siegel, Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York F. Spinola, The Surgical Clinic of the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart of Rome, Italy R. Steger, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York G. Sttltter, Medical and Neurological Clinic I, City Hospitals, "Stlidt. Krankenanstalten," Augsburg, Germany S. Thune, Medical and Neurological Clinic I, City Hospitals, "Stlidt. Krankenanstalten," Augsburg, Germany P. van Caneghem, Laboratory of Radiobiology, Fredericq L~on Institute and Laboratory of Physiopathology, University of Li~ge, Belgium J. R. Vane, Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, England H. Wilkens, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, State University of New York at Buffalo, New York Bengt Wranne, Departments of Clinical Physiology, Anesthesiology, and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden CONTENTS SECTION 1: PATHOGENESIS OF SHOCK Effects of Hemorrhagic and Catecholamine Shock on Canine Forelimb Transcapillary Fluid Fluxes and Segmental Vascular Resistances 3 G. J. Grega, J. M. Schwinghamer and F. J. Haddy Renal Failure in Hemorrhagic Shock 15 K. Kramer A Consideration of the Role of the Reticuloendothelial System (RES) in Endotoxin Shock . • • • • • • 27 N. R. Di Luzio and C. G. Crafton Behaviour of Histidine Decarboxylase (HDC) in Various Forms of Shock • • • •• ••• ". 59 A. Schauer, L. Gielow, and G. Geissl Extrinsic Versus Intrinsic, Coagulation-Fibrinolysis: in the Pathophysiology of Shock and Exsanguinating Diatheses .•••••••• 73 C. L. Schneider Complement and Shock 93 D. Armstrong The Role of Splancnic Adrenergic Vasoconstriction in the Development of Irreversibility of Hemorrhagic Shock . .• •• • • • 103 G. P. Novelli, C. Cortesini, and E. Pagni Circulatory Function in the Early Postoperative Period After Pulmonary Surgery 117 B. Wranne xi
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