Shield Tunneling Technology in Hard-Soft Uneven Stratum and Extremely-Soft Stratum PDF
Preview Shield Tunneling Technology in Hard-Soft Uneven Stratum and Extremely-Soft Stratum
Key Technologies for Tunnel Construction under Complex Geological and Environmental Conditions Kairong Hong Editor Shield Tunneling Technology in Hard-Soft Uneven Stratum and Extremely-Soft Stratum Key Technologies for Tunnel Construction under Complex Geological and Environmental Conditions SeriesEditor QihuQian,Nanjing,China This series is written on the basis of several difficult projects, aiming at complex geological conditions such as complex topography and landform types, complex geological structure and poor geotechnical engineering geology, systematically describes the Key Technologies for Tunnel Construction under Complex Geolog- ical and Environmental Conditions like mountains, underwater, soft and uneven strata, from the aspects of geological exploration, early warning and risk control, design,constructionanddigitalapplication.It’samonographthatintroducesinno- vative achievements and core technologies formed in the construction of complex geologicaltunnelsinrecentyears.Theseriescontainsbothtextsandillustrations.It canbeusedasareferenceforengineers,technicians,scientificresearchers,teachers andstudentsofrelatedspecialtiesintunnelsandundergroundengineering. ThisseriessystematicallydescribestheKeyTechnologiesforTunnelConstruction under Complex Geological and Environmental Conditions like mountains, under- water, soft and uneven strata, from the aspects of geological exploration, early warningandriskcontrol,design,constructionanddigitalapplication. Contents of the series are mainly from a number of key projects, such as YuelongmenTunnelofChenglanRailwayinSichuanProvince,JinanYellowRiver TunnelProject,QiyueshanTunnelofWestHubeiExpressway,JiaozhouBayTunnel ofQingdao,NanjingYangtzeRiverTunnelandWuhanRiverCrossingTunnel,aswell asthe973ProjectsoftheState-Mechanism,Prediction,EarlyWarningandControl of Major Water Inrush Disasters in Deep and Long Tunnels, Science and Tech- nologyProjectbytheMinistryofTransport“StudyonKeyTechnologiesofUnder- waterLargeSectionShieldTunnelConstructionunderComplexGeologicalCondi- tions”,NationalDefenseResearchProject“Three-DimensionalAdvancePrediction TechnologyforNationalDefenseUndergroundEngineering”. Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/16378 Kairong Hong Editor Shield Tunneling Technology in Hard-Soft Uneven Stratum and Extremely-Soft Stratum Editor KairongHong StateKeyLaboratoryofShieldMachineandBoring Technology ChinaRailwayTunnelGroupCo.,Ltd. Zhengzhou,Henan,China ISSN2662-2904 ISSN2662-2912 (electronic) KeyTechnologiesforTunnelConstructionunderComplexGeologicalandEnvironmental Conditions ISBN978-981-16-1382-1 ISBN978-981-16-1383-8 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1383-8 JointlypublishedwithShanghaiScientificandTechnicalPublishers TheprinteditionisnotforsaleinChinaMainland.CustomersfromChinaMainlandpleaseorderthe printbookfromShanghaiScientificandTechnicalPublishers. ©ShanghaiScientificandTechnicalPublishers2021 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublishers,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublishers,theauthors,andtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishersnortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublishersremainneutralwithregardtojurisdictional claimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations. ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Foreword by Jun Sun In recent years, the development of infrastructure construction in China has been developing vigorously. The construction of “The Belt and Road” has been contin- uously promoted. Many major projects have mushroomed vigorously, such as the ThreeGorgesProject,theQinghai–TibetRailway,theSouthtoNorthWaterDiver- sion,thethreeverticalandfourhorizontalhigh-speedrailnetwork,theHongKong– Zhuhai–Macao Bridge, Shanghai Center Tower, and the construction with China’s aidoftheJakarta–Bandunghigh-speedrailway,theChina–Laosrailway,theChina– Thailandrailway,theGwadarPort,thePiraeusport,andsoon.Thereisnodoubtthat Chinahasbecomeoneofthecountrieswiththelargestnumberofmajorprojectsin theworld.Intermsofconstructionscale,technicaldifficulty,andcapitalinvestment, these major projects are among the top not only in China, but also in the world, and even in the first place. A series of major key technical problems emerged in theconstructionprocessoftheseprojects,manyofwhichhavebeenwelloptimized and solved through analysis, exploration, and innovation. Some even created new technical means and methods on the basis of the original theory and technology andappliedforalargenumberoftechnicalpatents.Forexample,ShanghaiCenter Tower, 632 m, as the world’s tallest green building, has achieved many scientific achievements in many aspects such as super high-rise design, green construction, construction supervision, and building information modeling (BIM) technology. It hasbeenappliedfor8inventionpatentsandauthorized12practicalnewtechnologies. Onlyintheaspectofstructuralengineering,ithasbeenappliedtomanyinnovative technologicalinnovations,suchasthesupporttechnologyofsuperdeepfoundation pit, the technology of super high pumping concrete, the installation technology of complexsteelstructure,andthetechnologyofstructuralcrackcontrol,someofwhich havereachedtheworldlevel.Theseoptimizations,breakthroughs,andinnovations willbeveryvaluablereferencesforChineseengineersandtechnicians. DuringtheplenarysessionoftheNationalPeople’sCongressheldinearlyMarch 2016, many representatives said that a great deal of technological innovation and developmentisakeydrivingfactorforrealizingChina’smacroeconomicstrategic adjustmentduringthe13thFiveYearPlanperiodandafundamentalsupportandkey drivingforceforrealizingtheoveralldevelopmentofthecountryundertheoverall layout. v vi ForewordbyJunSun At the same time, in the face of the opportunity of a new round of scientific andtechnologicalrevolution,onlybymakinginnovationsandbreakthroughsinkey coretechnologiesonebyonewecanrealizetheoverallleapofsocialproductivity, make the level and ability of our scientific research achievements and engineering technologycontrolentertheranksofdevelopedcountriesasearlyaspossibleandas quicklyaspossible,soastocontinuouslyimprovethetechnologicalcompetitiveness intheworld,andthenationalstrengthwillbestronger!Atpresent,manyengineering technologyinnovationshavebeenwidelyrecognized,buttherearestillmanyprob- lems in the promotion and application of innovation results. In the field of major engineering construction, after the key engineering technical problems have been brokenthroughandsolvedinpractice,itisnecessarytofurthersortoutandsumma- rizethenewtheoriesormethods,andthenwidelyapplythemtoproductionpractice again,whichinturnwillpromotefurtherinnovationanddevelopmentoftechnology, whichisahugedrivingforceforthesustainabledevelopmentoftechnology.Oneof the most effective aspects is to systematically summarize the innovative achieve- ments and publish a set of technical monographs. This is also the significance of publishing the series of “Research on Key Technologies of Major Engineering Construction”. With the promotion of academic innovation as the main goal, the series of “Research on Key Technologies of Major Engineering Construction” has thefollowingcharacteristics: 1. Focus on major projects and key projects. At present, China’s infrastructure construction is booming in various fields, and various kinds of engineering projectscontinuetomount.Fromtheperspectiveofprojectvolumeandtechnical difficulty,wehaveselectedanumberofmajorprojectsandkeyprojects,based onwhich,wehavesummarizedtheprofessionaltheoryandtechnologytomake them into books. Due to a large number of fields and disciplines involved in variousprojectsandtheintersectionandintegrationofdisciplines,itisdifficult tosetaseriesofbookswithasinglediscipline.Therefore,basedonthemainline ofEngineeringcategories,aseriesofbookshavebeenwrittenineightfields,i.e., tunnelandundergroundengineering,bridgeengineering,railwayengineering, highway engineering, super high-rise and large-scale public buildings, water conservancy engineering, port engineering, urban planning, and architecture, basically covering the main fields of engineering construction in China, with a view to providing professional and technical reference guidance for major engineeringconstructioninthefuture.Astherearemanyfieldsandspecialties involved,therearesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweentechnologies.Inthefield of cross-technology, they are dealt with according to the specific situation to avoidcontentduplicationanddisjunction. 2. Highlightcommontechnologyandinnovationachievementsandfocusonappli- cation technology theorization. Focusing on a series of key technical prob- lems in major projects in recent years, and based on the innovation achieve- mentsandtechnologicalbreakthroughsmadebytheproject,theseriesofbooks sorts out pertinently the technical experience and scientific research achieve- ments of common, key, or significant promotion value in each series, makes ForewordbyJunSun vii in-depth, systematic, and detailed analysis and elaboration from the perspec- tive of technical methods and engineering practice experience, and provides practicaltheoreticalbasisandapplicationreferenceforthesolutionofsimilar problemsandtheimprovementoftechnology.Inthe“SeriesofKeyTechnolo- gies for Tunnel Construction under Complex Geological and Environmental Conditions” (Academician Qihu Qian is the director of the editorial board), thekeyproblemsinthecurrenttunnelandundergroundengineeringconstruc- tionaresystematicallydescribed,andthecorrespondingprofessionaltechnical theorysystemisformed,includingtheprediction,warning,andriskcontrolof majorwaterinrushdisasterindeepandlongtunnels,thetreatmentofsoftand hard uneven stratum and extremely soft stratum in shield engineering, a sort of rectangular shield method, underwater shield tunnel, ground access shield methodtunnel,extra-longhighwaytunnel,three-dimensionalgeologicaldetec- tionoftunnel,rapiddetectionofshieldtunneldisease,digitalizationoftunnel and underground engineering, new anchorage material for large deformation tunnel in soft rock, and so on, and the key problems are solved in different degreesintheresearchandeffectivelyimplementedinthefollow-upproject. 3. Payattentiontothepracticalvalueoftheproject.Thetechnicalachievements involved in the series have been adopted many times in China, which have been proved to be reliable and effective in practice, and some of them have obtained technical patents. The series emphasizes the theory as the guide, the application as the key, and the case as the illustration. All the technical achievements are required to take the engineering project as the background and the production practice as the support, so that the series not only has the academicconnotation,butalsohastheimportantengineeringapplicationvalue. Forexample,the“SeriesofKeyTechnologiesforLong-spanBridgeConstruc- tionandMaintenance”(academicianJielianZhengisthedirectoroftheeditorial board;academicianZhengqingChenisthedeputydirector),focusingonmajor bridgeprojectssuchaslong-spansuspensionbridges,long-spanbridgesacross the sea, multi-tower cable-stayed bridges, long-span concrete-filled steel tube arch bridges, long-span pedestrian bridges, and large-scale spatial suspension bridgeswithvariablewidth,focusesonthedesigninnovationtheory,construc- tioninnovationtechnology,technicalbreakthroughofconstructiondifficulties, bridgestructurehealthmonitoringandstateassessment,maintenanceandmain- tenance during operation period, etc. The main contents include the vacuum assisted pouring technology of large-scale concrete-filled steel tube structure, thespatialcableplanesuspensionbridgesystemwithlargeproportionandvari- ablewidth,theneweddycurrentdampingvibrationreductiontechnology,the cablehoistingandcable-stayedbuckleconstructionoflongandlargebridges, thesuperlarge-scaledeep-waterfoundationsuperhighcompositebridgetower, intelligentdeformationmonitoring,theintegrationofconstructionandmainte- nancebasedonBIM,etc.Thesetechnologiesarebasedonmajorconstruction projects,includingthefirstbridgeofHejiangYangtzeRiver,thesecondbridge ofHejiangYangtzeRiver,WushanYangtzeRiverBridge,Nanpanjiangbridge ofGuangxiGuangzhourailway,ZhangjiajieGrandCanyonbridge,Xihoumen viii ForewordbyJunSun Bridge, Jiashao bridge, Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macao Bridge, Humen second bridge,etc.inthebook,andtherelevantcontentsofspecificprojectcasesare analyzedindetail,withgoodapplicationreferenceTestthevalue. 4. Focus on the hot spot, focus on risk analysis, disaster prevention and mitiga- tion, health detection, engineering digitization, and other emerging branches inrecentyears.Undertheguidanceoftheprinciplesofgreenandsustainable development, in recent years, technological innovation in the field of infras- tructureconstructionhasmanyachievementsandexamplesinenergyconserva- tionandemissionreduction,low-carbonenvironmentalprotection,greencivil engineering,riskanalysis,disasterpreventionandmitigation,healthdetection (remote wireless video monitoring), safety and economy in the life cycle of theproject,reliabilityanddurability,constructiontechnologyorganizationand management,digitization,etc.Seriesofbooksarealsoreflectedintheseaspects, inordertogivefullplaytotheroleofseriesbooksinpromotingthelong-term, green,andsustainabledevelopmentofmajorprojectconstruction. 5. Establish an open framework. As a result of the above characteristics, the progress of each volume of the series is different, so the open framework is adopted,andtheflexiblewayofpublishinginstagesisadoptedinthesetting ofeachvolumeofthesubsequentseries. 6. Theeditorinchiefhasafirst-classacademiclevel,whichlaysasolidfounda- tion for the academic quality of the series. The chief editor of each series is the academic authority in this field and has an important academic status and influenceinthisfield,forexample,ProfessorZhengqingChen,academicianof ChineseAcademyofengineering,chiefscientistofProject985,bridgestructure andwindengineeringexpert,ProfessorJielianZheng,academicianofChinese Academyofengineering,bridgedesignandconstructionexpert,ProfessorQihu Qian,academicianofChineseAcademyofengineering,protectionandunder- ground engineering expert, Professor Zhiqiang Wu, academician of Chinese Academyofengineering,urbanplanningandconstructionexpert,etc.Themain writerswhoparticipatedinthewritingwereallthefront-linepersonnelactive in the research, education, and engineering of infrastructure construction in China,whohadundertakenmajorengineeringconstructionprojectsornational majorscientificresearchprojects,mainlyfromChinaRailwayTunnelBureau GroupCo.,Ltd.,CCCCTunnelEngineeringBureauCo.,Ltd.,ChinaRailway ConstructionCo.,Ltd.,CCCChighwayplanningandDesignInstituteCo.,Ltd., the Army Institute of engineering design, Qingdao Metro Group Co., Ltd., ShanghaiUrbanConstructionGroup,ChinaMerchantsChongqingCommuni- cations Research and Design Institute Co., Ltd, Tianjin Urban Construction Group Co., Ltd., Zhejiang Communications Planning and Design Institute, Tongji University, Hehai University, Southwest Jiaotong University, Hunan University,ShandongUniversity,etc.Inadditiontoundertakingtheheavytasks ofengineeringconstructionandscientificresearchandteaching,allexpertshave contributedtheirwisdom,knowledge,andsweattotheprogressofengineering technologyinChina.OnbehalfoftheGeneralEditorialCommitteeoftheseries, Iwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltthanksandrespectfortheirhardwork. ForewordbyJunSun ix Atpresent,notonlythedomesticinfrastructureprojectsareintheascendant,but also under the initiative of “The Belt and Road”, China’s major overseas projects are booming, and the demand for high-level engineering technology is becoming increasingly urgent. It is believed that the publication of the series of books can provide certain assistance for the development of major engineering construction andtheprogressofinnovativetechnologyinChina. Shanghai,China JunSun December2017 Mr.JunSun first-class Honorary Professor of Tongji University, senior academician of the ChineseAcademyofSciences,andawell-knownexpertingeotechnicalmechanicsandengineering athomeandabroad.ChiefeditoroftheseriesResearchonKeyTechnologiesofMajorEngineering Construction.
The list of books you might like
