Shi’ah and the Family of the Rasulullah ﷺ

384 Pages·1.908 MB·English

by  Ihsan Ilahi Zahir

Shīʿah wa Ahl al-Bayt
(Shīʿah and the Family of Rasulullah)
By :
Shaykh Iḥsān Ilāhī Ẓahīr
WWW.MAHAJJAH.COM
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Transliteration key
- ’ - ḍ
إ أ ض
- ā - ṭ
آ ط
- b - ẓ
ب ظ
- t - ʿ
ت ع
- th - gh
ث غ
- j - f
ج ف
- ḥ - q
ح ق
- kh - k
خ ك
- d - l
د ل
- dh - m
ذ م
- r - n
ر ن
- z - w, ū
ز و
- s - h
س ه
- sh - y, ī
ش ي
- ṣ
ص
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Contents
The Shīʿah and the Ahl al-Bayt 7
Definition of Ahl al-Bayt 7
The Ahl al-Bayt in the Qur’ān 15
Definition of Shīʿah 18
Shīʿah opposition to the Ahl al-Bayt 28
ʿAlī’s opinion about the Ṣaḥābah 35
The progeny of ʿAlī and their opinion about the Ṣaḥābah 40
Shīʿah attitude towards the Ṣaḥābah 47
The attitude of the Ahl al-Bayt towards Abū Bakr 51
The Khilāfah of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq 65
ʿAlī following Abū Bakr in ṣalāh and accepting gifts from him 72
The role of Abū Bakr in the marriage of ʿAlī and Fāṭimah 77
Intermarriage between the Ahl al-Bayt and the family of Abū Bakr 82
Asmā’ bint ʿUmays 82
Umm Farwah bint al-Qāsim 83
Ḥafṣah bint ʿAbd al-Raḥmān 84
Muḥammad ibn Abī Bakr 84
The Ahl al-Bayt name their children Abū Bakr 85
ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib 85
Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī 86
Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī 87
ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn 87
Ḥasan ibn al-Ḥasan (al-Muthannā) 87
Mūsā al-Kāẓim 87
ʿAlī al-Riḍā 87
The incident of Fadak 89
The attitude of the Ahl al-Bayt towards ʿUmar 99
The Ahl al-Bayt praising ʿUmar 111
ʿAlī marrying his daughter, Umm Kulthūm, to ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb 113
The reciprocal respect and veneration between ʿUmar and the Ahl al-Bayt 117
The Ahl al-Bayt's love for ʿUmar and their pledging allegiance to him 122
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Addendum - ʿAbd Allāh ibn Saba’ 139
How many are there who actually denied his existence? 139
The position of the Ahl al-Bayt regarding ʿUthmān 149
ʿAlī pledging allegiance to ʿUthmān 157
ʿUthmān’s relationship with the Ahl al-Bayt 161
Addendum - Intermarrying between the Banū Hāshim and Banū Umayyah 169
The attitude of the Shīʿah towards the three rightly guided Khulafā’ 175
The valour of ʿAlī 179
The Muḥaddithīn and Fuqahā’ of the Shīʿah 197
Sayyidah Fāṭimah becoming angry at Sayyidunā ʿAlī 245
The attitude of the Ahl al-Bayt towards those who harbour enmity for the
al-Khulafāʼ al-Rāshidīn. 249
The Shīʿah and their lies in the name of the Ahl al-Bayt 259
Mutʿah 265
What is Mutʿah? 269
How is Mutʿah done? 269
With who should Mutʿah take place? 269
How many women is Mutʿah permissible with? 272
How much should the dowry be? 273
How long should it take place for? 273
The permissibility of lending the female private part 276
The permissibility of renting out sexual services 277
The permissibility of sodomy (with females) 277
Distorting the Sharīʿah 281
The Imāms 297
The appearance of the Long Awaited al-Mahdī 301
Anomalous Masā’il 303
Anomalous and Bizarre 306
Tragicomedies 308
The impudence of the Shīʿah towards the Ahl al-Bayt 315
The impudence of the Shīʿah towards the Prophet H 315
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The impudence of the Shīʿah towards the other Ambiyā’ 322
Insulting the Ahl al-Bayt 329
The son of the Prophet H 330
The daughters of the Prophet H 331
The cousin and son-in-law of the Prophet H 331
Fāṭimah - The daughter of the Prophet H 338
Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī 340
Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī 344
The remainder of the Ahl al-Bayt 349
Zayn al-ʿĀbidīn ʿAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn 351
Muḥammad al-Bāqir and his son 353
Mūsā al-Kāẓim ibn Jaʿfar 356
ʿAlī ibn Mūsā al-Riḍā 359
Muḥammad al-Jawwād ibn Al-Riḍā 362
ʿAlī al-Hādī ibn Muḥammad al-Jawwād 364
Ahl al-Bayt and the Shīʿah 369
Appendix 381
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The Shīʿah and the Ahl al-Bayt
The Shīʿah claim to be the partisans and lovers of the Ahl al-Bayt (the noble
household of the Prophet H) and that their ideologies are based upon the
opinions and transmissions of the Ahl al-Bayt. Before examining the nature of
their claims, we would like to define the term Ahl al-Bayt, and explain what is
meant by the word Shīʿah and who is intended thereby.
Definition of Ahl al-Bayt
As for the compound Ahl al-Bayt, it consists of two words, the first being ahl and
the second al-bayt.
The author of al-Qāmūs defines the word ahl by saying:
Ahl in relation to judicious authority refers to governors. The ahl of a house
refers to its inhabitants. The ahl of a madhhab refers to its adherents.
When it is used in reference to the Prophet H then it refers to his
wives, daughters, son in-law—ʿAlī I1—and the men related to him.2
Al-Zabīdī defines the word ahl as follows:
The ahl of a madhhab are its followers. The ahl of a man is his wife which
extends also to his children. In this manner is the word ahl in Sūrah al-
Qaṣaṣ (verse 29) interpreted, “And he (Mūsā S) was traveling with
his ahl,” i.e. his wife and family. Lastly, the Prophet’s H ahl are his
1  I do not know the basis for restricting this to ʿAlī I specifically to the exclusion of the rest of
the sons-in-law, namely ʿUthmān—the husband of two of the daughters of the Prophet H—and
Abū al-ʿĀṣ ibn Rabīʿ, the father of Umāmah and husband of Zaynab M. Does this only apply to ʿAlī
I due to him being the cousin of the Prophet H, then why are his two brothers Jaʿfar and ʿAqīl
L excluded? Not to mention the uncle of the Prophet H, ʿAbbās ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, who was
the paternal uncle of the Prophet H.
2  Al-Qāmūs vol. 3 pg. 432, Faṣl al-Ḥamzah wa al-Bā’, Bāb al-Lām published by al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī Egypt
1952.
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wives, daughters, son in-law—ʿAlī I—and female relatives. A lesser view
states that it refers to those related to him, his grandchildren, and further
offspring. This usage could be understood from the following verses:
اهَيْلَعَ رِْبطَ صْ اوَ ةِلَصَّ لاِب كَ لَهْأَ رْمُأْوَ
And enjoin prayer upon your family [and people] and be steadfast therein.1
تِ يْبَلْا لَ هْأَ سَ جْ رِّلا مُكُ نْعَ بَ هِ ذْيُِل هُلّٰلا دُيْرِ يُ امَنَِّإ
Allah intends only to remove from you the impurity [of sin], O people of
the [Prophet’s] household.2
تِ يْبَلْا لَ هْأَ مْ كُ يْلَعَ هُتُاكَرَبَوَ هِلّٰلا تُ مَحْ رَ
May the mercy of Allah and His blessings be upon you, people of the
house.3
The ahl of every Prophet are his followers:
ةاكَزَّلاوَ ةِلَصَّ لاِب هُلَهْأَ رُمُأْيَ نَ اكَوَ
And he used to enjoin on his people prayer and zakāh.4
A weaker view defines a man’s Ahl al-Bayt as those who share the same
lineage or those categories previously mentioned. It is commonly used to
refer to the entire family of the Prophet H. It is also said that the
Ahl of Allah are His Messengers, friends, and helpers. This usage could be
understood from the couplets of the Prophet’s H grandfather, ʿAbd
al-Muṭṭalib, at the incident of the elephant:
1  Sūrah Ṭāhā: 132
2  Sūrah al-Aḥzāb: 33
3  Sūrah Hūd: 73
4  Sūrah Maryam: 55
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So assist us against the Christians
For today the worshipping residents of the Kaʿbah are your family.1
Ibn al-Manẓūr al-Ifrīqī defines the word ahl as:
The word ahl in relation to a madhhab are its followers and adherents.
In relation to judicious authority it refers to governors. In relation to a
man it refers to those close to him. When used in relation to the Prophet
H it refers to his wives, daughters, and his son in-law, ʿAlī I. It has
been said that it refers to the Prophet’s wives (only)… also the ahl of every
Prophet are his followers. The word ahl could be used to refer to one’s wife
or marriage, this could be understood from the supplication:
اهيف كجوز يأ لااهيإ ةنجلا يف هللا كلهآ
May Allah grant you ahl in Jannah, i.e. marry you to a spouse therein.
It is reported in a ḥadīth:
اظح بزعلاو نيظح للآا يطعأ يبنلا نأ
Nabī H instructed, “Give the married men two shares and the
bachelors one share.”
In this ḥadīth Nabī H uses the word āl and ʿazab, the first referring to
one who is married and the latter to a bachelor.
The word āl is derived from the word ahl. The letter h in the word ahl was
changed into a Ḥamzah, thus becoming , when the two Ḥamzahs come
لأأ
into contact then the second Ḥamzah is changed into an alif and merged,
thus becoming (āl).2
لآ
1  Tāj al-ʿUrūs by al-Zabīdī.
2  Lisān al-ʿArab by Ibn al-Manẓūr al-Ifrīqī vol. 11 pg. 27-30.
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Al-Jawharī states that the word ahl refers to marriage. Accordingly Abū Zayd
explains that the word ahl in the supplication, “May Allah grant you ahl in
Jannah,” means, “May Allah marry you to a spouse therein.”1
Al-Zamakhsharī in al-Asās states that the word al-ta’ahhul means al-tazawwuj
(marriage). He further explains the word ahl in this supplication, “May Allah
grant you ahl in Jannah,” means, “May Allah enter you into paradise and marry
you therein.”2
Al-Khalīl says:
A man’s ahl is his family. A man’s ahl could also refer to those close to him.
Ahl al-Bayt refers to the inhabitants (of the house), and Ahl al-Islām those
who adhere to Islam’s teachings.3
Imām al-Rāghib al-Iṣfahānī states that a man’s ahl are those whom he shares
the same lineage or religion with or that which is in those two contexts, i.e. an
occupation, abode, or a city. The entire family of the Nabī H is generally
considered to be part of the Ahl al-Bayt due to the verse:
تِ يْبَلْا لَ هْأَ سَ جْ رِّلا مُكُ نْعَ بَ هِ ذْيُِل هُلّٰلا دُيْرِ يُ امَنَِّإ
Allah intends only to remove from you the impurity [of sin], O people of the
[Prophet’s H] household.4
He further states that the word āl was derived from the word ahl. And the word
ahl is generally used to refer to people close to you, either by blood relations or
association. These two usages could be understood from the Qur’ān. Allah says:
1  Al-Ṣiḥāḥ by al-Jawharī vol. 4 pg. 1629.
2  Asās al-Balāghah pg. 11.
3  Maqāyīs al-Lughah by Abū al-Ḥusayn Aḥmad ibn Fāris Zakariyyā pg. 150.
4  Al-Mufradāt fī Gharīb al-Qur’ān pg. 28.
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