Representations of Women and Virtue in Early China ee MCT wt m a n n e r ’ tg .404re — SHARING THE LIGHT SUNY Series in Chinese Philosophy and Culture David L. Hall and Roger T. Ames, Editors SHARING PETE LIGHT Representations of Women and Virtue in Early China Lisa Raphals STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK PRESS Published by State University of New York Press, Albany © 1998 State University of New York All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system ot transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publisher. For information, address State University of New York Press, State University Plaza, Albany, N.Y., 12246 Production by Cathleen Collins Marketing by Nancy Farrell Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Raphals, Lisa Ann. 1951— Sharing the light : representations of women and virtue in early China / Lisa Raphals. p. cm. — (SUNY series in Chinese philosophy and culture) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7914-3855-4 (alk. paper). — ISBN 0-7914-3856-2 (alk. paper : pb.) 1, Women—China—History. 2. Women—China—Conduct of life. 3. Women—China—Social conditions. 4. Liu, Hsiang, 772-6? B.C. Lieh Nii chuan. 5. China—History—Warring States, 403-221 B.C. 6. China—History—Han dynasty, 202 B.C—220 A.D. I. Title. II. Series. HQ1767.R36 1998 305.4'0951—de21 97-43324 CIP KO DAs 7 Oy aio) A I For Sara Raphals, Philip Gordis, and Anna Matson Hamburger | '' ' eeS Piaht ye e eaten, WA ot or oi slo i‘ k~~ i/i y2 7 if ae errata ena a ease Sone .. os tern Nadel Ayc ies cind oC ine a Sime *o9 5% Hepes Fae’ ; ™ wl t , i i isn Dei (ataseagh Me AS iaagti he at te" 5 Rlaprengy <iq ACMs,, os : ieee Me HS ciggiiliethaluidan et Soa anh ote ~anme) Pina Sanlyen 7 ces 5 Sai Sheeh alt APo rt Gwh eisi e weap 2 rh re ‘IRS Sato a. gi hod Woe aso (Delage A nel ice agli. 5 Mardy. Saies e ne ria, Fey 4, 2 4b 2 CaCnui)m oBafce an a a lizs:e Ae ig yn eP uatiay aabhe l =E aOs.F Bas