Shaping Peace in Kosovo : The Politics of Peacebuilding and Statehood

268 Pages·2017·5.633 MB·English

by  Gëzim Visoka (auth.)

fl
Rethinking Peace and Con ict Studies
Series Editor
Oliver P. Richmond
University of Manchester
United Kingdom
This agenda-setting series of research monographs, now more than a
decade old, provides an interdisciplinary forum aimed at advancing inno-
vative new agendas for approaches to, and understandings of, peace and
conflict studies and International Relations. Many of the critical volumes
the series has so far hosted have contributed to new avenues of analysis
directly or indirectly related to the search for positive, emancipatory,
and hybrid forms of peace. New perspectives on peacemaking in practice
andintheory,theirimplicationsfortheinternationalpeacearchitecture,and
different conflict-affected regions around the world, remain crucial. This
series’contributionsoffersboththeoreticalandempiricalinsightsintomany
of the world’s most intractable conflicts and any subsequent attempts to
buildanewandmoresustainablepeace,responsivetotheneedsandnorms
ofthosewhoareitssubjects.
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GëzimVisoka
Shaping Peace
in Kosovo
The Politics of Peacebuilding and Statehood
GëzimVisoka
SchoolofLawandGovernment
DublinCityUniversity
Dublin,Ireland
RethinkingPeaceandConflictStudies
ISBN978-3-319-51000-2 ISBN978-3-319-51001-9(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-51001-9
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017930928
©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s)2017
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To myparents, Tahirand NexhmijeVisoka,for survivingthe violent
conflictand enduringthe ungovernablepeace.
A
CKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I am in debt to the many people who have helped me in different ways
while writing this book. Special thanks go to Oliver P. Richmond for
inspiringmetopursuethisresearchandforprovidingcontinuoussupport
throughout the process. My wife, Grace Bolton-Visoka, deserves special
recognitionforhereternalpatience,understanding,supportandinsightful
commentsonthisbook.Whilepreparingthismanuscript,I greatlybene-
fited from conversations with colleagues at Dublin City University, and
elsewhere,whoprovidedmewiththe support andspacetocomplete this
intense project on time. I am, in particular, grateful to Professor John
Doyle, DCU’s Institute for International Conflict Resolution and
Reconstruction (IICRR), the School of Law and Government, and the
FacultyofHumanitiesandSocialSciencesforprovidingfinancialsupport.
Writing a book on peacebuilding and statehood in Kosovo from a local
critical perspective requires extensive engagement with a broad range of
interlocutors working with civil society groups, government and public
institutions, international missions and organisations, and public univer-
sities.Iamgratefultomanyofyou,whomIcannotlistexhaustivelyhere,
for their thoughtful and engaging conversations, and for their assistance
duringmymanyvisitstoKosovo,whichshapedthisbook.Idedicatethis
booktomyparents,TahirandNexhmijeVisoka,forsurvivingtheviolent
conflict andenduring theungovernable peace inKosovo.
vii
C
ONTENTS
1 Intervention,Peace, andthe State 1
2 FluidInterventionism andthe Politics ofPeacebuilding 33
3 ThePolitics of Statehoodandthe Ungovernability of Peace 71
4 LocalResistanceand the Politicsof Self-Determination 113
5 CivilSociety andPeace Formation 147
6 Peaceas Normalisation 183
7 TheQuest for anEmancipatory Peace 221
Index 255
ix
L A
IST OF BBREVIATIONS
AAK AlliancefortheFutureofKosovo
CSDP CommonSecurityandDefensePolicy
EEAS EuropeanExternalActionService
EU EuropeanUnion
EULEX EuropeanUnionRuleofLawMissioninKosovo
ICO InternationalCivilianOffice
ICR InternationalCivilianRepresentative
KFOR KosovoForce(NATO)
KLA KosovoLiberationArmy
LDK DemocraticLeagueofKosovo
LVV LëvizjaVetëvendosje
NATO NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganisation
OSCE OrganisationforSecurityandCooperationinEurope
PDK DemocraticPartyofKosovo
PISG ProvisionalInstitutionsofSelf-Government
SAA StabilisationandAssociationAgreement
SITF SpecialInvestigativeTaskForce
SRSG SpecialRepresentativeoftheSecretary-General
UN UnitedNations
UNMIK UnitedNationsInterimAdministrationMissioninKosovo
UNOSEK United Nations Office of the Special Envoy for the Future Status
ProcessforKosovo
xi
CHAPTER1
Intervention, Peace, and the State
OVERVIEW
This book explores the prospects of building peace after violent con-
flict in an ethnically divided society, which has struggled to form an
independent state under protracted and fluid international intervention
and tutelage. While international attention is currently focused on
transnational terrorism and hybrid security threats emanating from
intensified rivalry among global and regional powers, civil wars and
ethnic conflicts remain an important feature of the international secur-
ity agenda. International attention remains especially significant for
societies that have experienced international mediation, intervention,
and post-conflict reconstruction while struggling to overcome the
legacies of conflict and establish a sustainable peace. There is no better
case than Kosovo to evaluate the suitability of peacebuilding interven-
tions, the unintended outcomes of statebuilding efforts, and the local
backlash to international interventions. Kosovo has attracted unprece-
dented international attention over the past two decades. Kosovo has
also been cited as an example of ethnic cleansing, international inter-
vention, post-conflict peacebuilding and statebuilding, and contested
statehood. Kosovo has become the place where humanitarian interven-
tion gained its peak international support, where state sovereignty
changed its meaning, and where the doctrine of the responsibility to
protect took precedence over territorial integrity. Most significantly,
Kosovo has challenged the limits of liberal internationalism and has
©TheAuthor(s)2017 1
G.Visoka,ShapingPeaceinKosovo,RethinkingPeace
andConflictStudies,DOI10.1007/978-3-319-51001-9_1