Shaping History: The Role of Newspapers in Hawai'I

401 Pages·1996·16.715 MB·English

by  Helen Geracimos Chapin

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Shaping History
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Shaping History
The Role of Newspapers in Hawai‘i
Helen Geracimos Chapin
University of Hawai‘i Press
Honolulu
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© 1996
University of Hawai‘i Press
All rights reserved
Printed in
the United States of America
01 00 99 98 97 96 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Chapin, Helen Geracimos.
Shaping history : the role of newspapers in Hawai‘i /
Helen Geracimos Chapin.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0–8248–1718–4
1. Journalism—Hawaii—History. 2. Hawaii—History.
I. Title.
PN4897.H33C48 1996
079’ .969—dc20 95–43101
079’969—dc20 95–4CIP1
University of Hawai‘i Press books
are printed on acid-free paper and meet
the guidelines for permanence and durability
of the Council on Library Resources
Design by Cameron Poulter
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For Hank,
Georganne, Julia, Chip,
and Nick
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Contents
Acknowledgments xi
Introduction 1
Part I. “To Exhibit Truth in an Attractive Form”:
An Establishment Press Arrives—1834–1850
1. Ka Lama: “The Light” Is Brought to Hawai‘i 15
2. The Solemn Responsibility of Dissent 19
3. The Polynesian: In the Service of America and the
Kingdom 23
4. The English Flag and the English Language 29
5. God Gives Way to Mammon: The Mahele of 1848 32
Part II. “Fiery Polemic Contests” for the
Public’s Support—1850–1887
6. The Honolulu Times Welcomes the City of Honolulu 41
7. The Chinese Arrive 46
8. A Prophet Without Profit: Fornander Topples Judd 48
9. The Advertiser Enters History 53
10. A Hawaiian Nationalist Press Is Born 59
11. “A New Era Has Dawned”: Sugar Is King 63
12. The Politics of Health 68
Part III. Nationalists versus the Oligarchy:
An Uneven Battle—1887–1899
13. A Pan-Pacific Dream 75
14. Robert Wilcox, “the Napoleon of Printers’ Lane” 84
vii
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viii Contents
15. Revolution and the Suppression of Freedom of Speech 93
16. The Republic Burns Down Chinatown 105
Part IV. “Here to Stay”: A U.S. Territory—1900–1941
17. Annexation and the Pacific Cable 113
18. The 1909 Strike and the Japanese Language Press 118
19. Respected Residents Become the Enemy: World War I
and the Germans 126
20. Suppressing the News and Contributing to a Massacre 131
21. The Three Rs—Reading, ’Riting, and Racism 140
22. “Reclaiming” Waikîkî for the “Aloha Spirit” 148
23. Getting Away With Murder: The Massie Case 152
24. Hilo’s “Bloody Monday”: The Tribune-Herald and the
Voice of Labor 159
Part V. “Passed for Publication”—1941–1945
25. A Wartime Press and the Paradox of Censorship
for Freedom 171
26. AJAs: American Patriots 184
Part VI. The March toward Statehood—the 1940s and 1950s
27. “Dear Joe”: Lorrin Thurston Writes to Joe—Stalin
or Farrington? 193
28. The Honolulu Record and the Art of Muckraking 198
29. The Hawaii Seven: Journalists in Jeopardy 204
30. Ka Leo Reports on the Golden Rule 212
31. Watch Them Grow: Tourism and Suburban O‘ahu 220
32. Statehood and the Star-Bulletin 230
Part VII. The Turbulent 1960s
33. The Business of Newspapers 241
34. The Popular Columnist 251
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Contents ix
35. Sports and Journalism: “The Social Fabric” 256
36. Above Ground: The Battle for Diamond Head 262
37. Underground: The Battle for Hawai‘i’s Soul 269
38. Women in the News: From Society to Social Causes 282
Part VIII. From Satellite City Halls
to a Satellite Universe—1970–1976
39. Memories of Maui 297
40. Corporate Economics and Chain Papers 310
41. Fighting the Newspapers to a Draw: Frank Fasi and
the Dailies 317
42. The Public Opinion Poll 326
43. Anger and Wit: The Political Cartoon 332
44. Hawaiian Sovereignty and a Satellite Universe, 1976 338
Bibliography 347
Index 373
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