Shantung Black Tiger: A Shaolin Fighting Art of North China Martial Arts Self Defense

108 Pages·1976·7.87 MB·English

by  Leo Budiman Prakarsa

shantung
black tiger
WEATHERHILL
NEW YORK
TOKYO
SHANTUNG
BLACK TIGER
a shaolin fighting art
of north china
TJOA KHEK KIONG
DONN F. DRAEGER
QUINTIN T. G. CHAMBERS
visual presentation: pascal krieger
First edition, 1976
Published by John Weatherhill, Inc., 149 Madison Avenue, New York,
New York 10016, with editorial offices at 7-6-13 Roppongi, Minato-ku,
Tokyo 106, Japan. Copyright © 1976 by John Weatherhill, Inc.; all rights
reserved.
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data: Tjoa, Khek Kiong./
Shantung Black Tiger : a Shaolin fighting art of north China. / 1. Hand-
to-hand fighting, Oriental. /I. Draeger, Donn F., joint author. II. Cham-
bers, Quintin, joint author.III.Title./GV1112.T58 /796.8'153 /76-18800/
ISBN 0-8348-0122-1
contents
Preface 7
1 Background 11
2 The Elements of Training 23
3 How to Train 59
4 The Black Tiger Sequence of Techniques 73
5 Practical Applications 111
Glossary 147
preface
THIS BOOK OFFERS an introduction to the fascinating subject of what
some people, through disregard for its proper name, call "Chinese boxing"
or "Chinese karate." The book does indeed deal with Chinese hand-to-
hand tactics of a sparring and grappling nature, and each of the above
terms has some merit when used to describe the fighting art presented here.
But because there are proper Chinese names that describe the Chinese
hand-to-hand systems, these native terms are preferred and will be used
throughout this book; unless otherwise stated, all such terms will be given
in their Mandarin form.
Chinese methods of sparring and grappling, both with and without
weapons, are numerous. No complete survey has ever been made of these
methods as systems, but were such a survey made it would reveal that these
systems number more than one thousand. Though Chinese hand-to-hand
systems are well known in Asia, they are relatively unknown in the Western
world. Not all of these systems of sparring and grappling are genuine fight-
ing arts, in spite of claims made to that distinction. For example, in
Southeast Asia, where many hundreds of different hand-to-hand systems
are actively practiced, some Chinese experts estimate that fewer than one
dozen of the Chinese systems are truly fighting arts. A Chinese hand-to-
hand system can have only one of the following primary purposes: (1)
combat, (2) the promotion of health, or (3) theatrical performance. It is
axiomatic that these totally different purposes cannot be combined in any
way within one system if, at the same time, that system is to retain its
optimum combative integrity of purpose.
preface
8 No doubt because some systems of Chinese sparring and grappling
adopted a more catholic attitude than others in regard to the dissemination
of their teachings, it has become possible for a number of Westerners to
learn something of those systems. Rarely, however, does the Westerner who
practices them have the technical experience to enable him to judge whether
or not what he practices is truly a fighting art. This book is therefore written
specifically for the Westerner who is trying to learn more about the true
Chinese fighting arts. The Shantung Black Tiger method of combat, de-
scribed in English for the first time in this book, is little known outside
China, where for many centuries the art was a closely guarded secret.
Even today this art is rarely displayed, and, partly because of its seclusion,
it retains its original purpose, that of being a genuine system of combat.
Because this book is the combined effort of a Chinese master-teacher of
Chinese systems of hand-to-hand combat and two Westerners, something
must be said of the division of responsibility for the authenticity of the
contents. The technical aspects of the text and the photographs are the
responsibility of the Chinese author, Tjoa Khek Kiong (also known as
Leo Budiman Prakarsa because he is now an Indonesian citizen); the cor-
rect exposition in English of these technical matters has been the task of
the Western coauthors. The photographs were taken by Donn F. Draeger.
The technical content of this book has been greatly simplified by re-
ducing the use of complicated Chinese terms to a minimum, replacing
them wherever possible with appropriate English terms that are not always
intended to be literal translations. Yet some Chinese words have been
retained, for they best describe the spirit and actions peculiar to the Shan-
tung Black Tiger fighting art. A short glossary at the back of the book
lists technical terms in the Mandarin dialect and gives their approximate
English equivalents.
Abstract philosophical speculations, which are sometimes attached to
Chinese hand-to-hand systems and are said to express the essence of all
such systems, have been eliminated. Such speculations play no significant
role in making the Black Tiger art more effective in combat; they are the
products of scholars who were remote from the reality of combat, and are
rarely considered by the actual exponents of this art. From the practical
point of view, philosophy is useless. Legend and history, all too often
equated by those who engage in the study and practice of the Chinese
hand-to-hand arts, have also been eliminated, the authors preferring to
preface
get to the meat of the matter, that is, the how and why of the Shantung
Black Tiger fighting art.
In revealing for the first time the tactics of the Black Tiger method of
combat, the Chinese author hopes both to commemorate the greatness of
the masters who developed this art in the past and to preserve the purity
of the art for future generations. The two Western coauthors consider
themselves fortunate to have had the opportunity to study something of
the Black Tiger fighting art and to aid in its authoritative presentation.
The authors are extremely grateful to Tjoa Tjong Hian (Darmawan
Prakarsa) and Tjoa Tjong Soan (Jany Tiara Prakarsa) for their unselfish
cooperation in posing for the photographs that illustrate the practical ap-
plications of the Black Tiger fighting art. Special thanks are also due to
Tjioe Tian Chong for the use of his private estate at Puntjak, West Java,
where most of the photography was done; to Tan Koie Nio (Lily Rahmat),
Lie Bun Pin (Benjamin Ramli), Lo Siauw Tjun, Djoko, Stephen Hua, and
Dr. Ong Swee Chee for their aid in the tedious work of translating the
Chinese terms; to Tan Goan Hoat (Tatang H.) for reading the manuscript
and for his helpful suggestions for increasing its accuracy; and to Pascal
Krieger for his original and creative book design and photographic layout,
as well as for the excellent line drawings.
Tjoa Khek Kiong
Donn F. Draeger
Quintin T. G. Chambers
NOTE ON THE PHOTOGRAPHIC LAYOUT In the action groups, classi-
cal and modern applications, and other photographic sequences of Black
Tiger techniques, the order of the photographs always follows as closely as
possible the actual direction of the exponent's movement. For this reason
some sequences of photographs may begin on the right rather than the
left or at the bottom rather than the top of a page. The beginning of each
sequence is clearly indicated by a marker, and black arrows show the
order in which to view the pictures. In the case of sequences that cannot be
contained on two facing pages but continue overleaf, this is indicated by
two large white arrows at the end of the first part of the sequence. In ad-
dition, the movement in the last photograph on that page is repeated in
the form of a sketch so that the continuity of movement is maintained.
1 background