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Shan'ge, the 'Mountain Songs': Love Songs in Ming China PDF

615 Pages·2011·8.27 MB·English
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Shan’ge, the ‘Mountain Songs’ Emotions and States of Mind in East Asia Editors Paolo Santangelo Sapienza University of Rome Cheuk Yin Lee National University of Singapore VOLUME 2 Shan’ge, the ‘Mountain Songs’ Love Songs in Ming China By Ōki Yasushi & Paolo Santangelo LEIDEN • BOSTON 2011 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Oki, Yasushi. Shan’ge, the mountain songs : love songs in Ming China / by Oki Yasushi, Paolo Santangelo. p. cm. — (Emotions and states of mind in East Asia ; no. 2) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-90-04-18900-3 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Love songs—China—17th century—History and criticism. 2. Folk songs, Chinese—China—17th century—History and criticism. 3. Folk music—China— 17th century—History and criticism. 4. Feng, Menglong, 1574-1646. Shan’ge. I. Santangelo, Paolo. II. Title. ML3746.2.S25 2011 782.42162’951009032—dc22 2010048893 ISSN 1878-8084 ISBN 978 90 04 18900 3 Copyright 2011 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. preface v contents List of illustrations vii Preface ix Acknowledgements xiii Introduction to Feng Menglong’s Mountain Songs (Shan’ge) 1 Ōki Yasushi “secret Loves” Folk love songs from Ming china 29 Paolo Santangelo Annotated text of the songs with english translation 65 chapter one ●山歌•卷一 “on secret Loves in four lines” 私情四句 65 chapter two ●山歌•卷二 “on secret Loves in four lines” 私情四句 111 chapter Three ●山歌•卷三 “on secret Loves in four lines” 私情四句 151 chapter Four ●山歌•卷四 “on secret Loves in four lines” 私情四句 171 chapter Five ●山歌•卷五 “Miscellaneous songs in four lines” 雜歌四句 198 chapter six ●山歌•卷六 “on objects in four lines” 詠物四句 222 chapter seven ●山歌•卷七 “on secret Loves in various styles” 私情雜體 269 Glossary 291 Paolo Santangelo Bibliography 581 vi contents list of illustrations vii LIst oF ILLustrAtIons Figure 1 textile work (tGKW) 66 Figure 2 Fisher with a large square fishing net (sctH) 69 Figure 3 Kinds of caps (sctH) 74 Figure 4 Map of the area of the tiger Hill 76 Figure 5 Millstone by hydraulic energy (tGKW) 87 Figure 6 The granary (sctH) 89 Figure 7 The Daoist immortal He (from Perceval Yetts, “The eight Immortals”, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1916) 91 Figure 8 Potamogeton maackianus 94 Figure 9 storied building (lóu 樓) (sctH) 105 Figure 10 transplanting rice shoots (tGKW) 108 Figure 11 Drums (sctH) 117 Figure 12 David starr Jordan, Guide to the study of Fishes, new York: Henry Holt, 1905 124 Figure 13 Loom (tGKW) 125 Figure 14 Phoenix-like mythical bird (sctH) 128 Figure 15 Bed with curtains (sctH) 143 Figure 16 lóng 礱, rice huller (sctH) 168 Figure 17 Water chestnut 188 Figure 18 Iron rake (sctH) 216 Figure 19 An inkstone (Yàntái 硯臺) 225 Figure 20 Ink and ink pots 226 Figure 21 A move of chinese chess (sctH) 227 Figure 22 The ‘double six’ game (sctH) 229 Figura 23 casting coins tGKW 235 Figure 24 Abacus 239 Figure 25 scales (sctH) 240 Figure 26 Fans (sctH) 241 Figure 27 Hairnet ribbon (sctH) 242 Figure 28 Brush (sctH) 244 Figure 29 Lantern (sctH) 246 Figure 30 The revolving lantern 247 Figure 31 The food box (sctH) 250 Figure 32 Ink marker (sctH) 254 viii list of illustrations Figure 33 Arrohead (sctH) 258 Figure 34 citrus medica 259 Figure 35 Boat (sctH) 264 Figure 36 on the left side a fishing boat (sctH) 267 Figure 37 Ancestral temple 祠堂 (sctH) 272 Figure 38 egret (sctH) 281 Figure 39 chinese castanets (sctH) 285 Figure 40 Waterwheel (tGKW) 286 Figure 41 The saw (sctH) 288 preface ix PreFAce “Zhanghou sang the village songs, and I took my zither to accompany him, the sound of the cords like the words” 章侯唱村落小歌, 餘取琴 和之, 牙牙如語。1 since the recent publication of Materials for an Anatomy of Personality in Late Imperial China, this is the second volume of the new series on the representation of emotions and imagery, which provides the analysis of an extremely interesting source This volume is dedicated to seven chapters of the collection of songs by Feng Menglong, a text which can be considered of marginal importance compared with other writing of the times 2 This marginality itself however is signifi- cant in that it helps us understand the nature of the society back then, which was very mobile and articulated, as well as the vitality of the intellectual world of Jiangnan Shan’ge is ‘marginal’ firstly because it cannot be included, strictly speaking, in the Great tradition, as it is mostly written in a local dialect The marginality of the collection also reflects the marginality of many intellectuals of the time, as Ōki has demonstrated in his 1996 essay And it is marginal for the content and the ideology that inspired the songs The collection did not follow the orthodox moral intent that Zhu Xi advocated in the interpretation of the Shijing 詩經 (Book of odes) Lü Desheng 呂得勝 (–1568) attacked folk songs—“If the lamp is turned on in the eastern house, the western house is lighted too” (東屋點燈西屋明)— as they were ridiculous and useless for children 3 on the contrary, the songs selected and re-elaborated by Feng Menglong dealt with the lives of common people: women, 1 Zhang Dai, Tao’an mengyi, 4, The Detachment Garden 不系园 2 on some aspects of this marginality, see robert Hegel, “unpredictability and Meaning in Ming-Qing Literati novels”, in Hung eva, ed , Paradoxes of Traditional Chinese Literature, Hong Kong: The chinese u P , 1994, pp 147–166, pp 147–166 3 Lü Desheng 呂得勝, Xiao’er yu 小兒語, in Yangzheng yigui 養正遺規 (sibu beiyao ed ), 2:7b, cit in Gernet Jacques, “L’éducation des premières années (du XIe au XVIIe siècle), in christine nguyen tri et catherine Despeux, eds , Education et instruction en Chine. I. L’éducation élémentaire, Paris: Peeters, 2003, pp 24–25

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Mountain Songs is a collection of folk songs edited by the famous writer Feng Menglong (1574-1646). By this innovative work - mainly written in the Suzhou dialect - he aimed to revitalize poetry through the power of popular songs. This collection is very significant to the understanding of the chara
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