Shakespeare's non-standard English : a dictionary of his informal language PDF
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Shakespeare’s Non-Standard English: A Dictionary of His Informal Language N. F. BLAKE Continuum Shakespeare’s Non-Standard English A Dictionary of His Informal Language ATHLONE SHAKESPEARE DICTIONARY SERIES Series Editor Sandra Clark (Birkbeck College, University of London) Shakespeare’s Legal Language B. J. Sokol & Mary Sokol Shakespeare’s Military Language Charles Edelman Shakespeare’s Books Stuart Gillespie Shakespeare’s Theatre Hugh Macrae Richmond ATHLONE SHAKESPEARE DICTIONARY SERIES Shakespeare’s Non-Standard English A Dictionary of His Informal Language N. F. BLAKE First published 2004 by Continuum The Tower Building, 11 York Road, London SE1 7NX 15 East 26th Street, New York, NY 10010 © N. F. Blake 2004 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers or their appointed agents. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-8264-7322-9 Typeset by RefineCatch Limited, Bungay, Suffolk Printed and bound in Great Britain by The Cromwell Press, Trowbridge, Wiltshire In memory of Carol Paula Chapman 1950–2004 Acknowledgements During the period this dictionary was being prepared I have delivered several lectures on informal English in Shakespeare. In particular, I gave in 2000 the Jespersen lecture at the University of Copenhagen, in 2001 another paper at the Dictionary Society of North America Conference at Ann Arbor, and in 2002 a further paper at the Historical Lexicography Conference at Leicester University. I am indebted to comments and advice from scholars present at these and other lectures. I should also like to acknowledge the guidance and support offered to me by Dr Sandra Clark, the General Editor. Contents Acknowledgements vi Abbreviations viii Introduction 1 Dictionary 7 Select Bibliography 359 Index of Words 366 Abbreviations 1. Works by or attributed to Shakespeare AC Antony and Cleopatra AW All’s Well That Ends Well AY As You Like It CE Comedy of Errors Cor Coriolanus Cym Cymbeline E3 King Edward III 1H4 The First Part of Henry IV 2H4 The Second Part of Henry IV H5 Henry V 1H6 The First Part of Henry VI 2H6 The Second Part of Henry VI 3H6 The Third Part of Henry VI H8 Henry VIII (or All is True) Ham Hamlet HL The History of King Lear (Quarto text) JC Julius Caesar KJ King John KL The Tragedy of King Lear (First Folio text) LC A Lover’s Complaint LL Love’s Labour’s Lost MA Much Ado About Nothing Mac Macbeth MM Measure for Measure MN A Midsummer Night’s Dream MV Merchant of Venice MW The Merry Wives of Windsor Oth Othello Per Pericles PP Passionate Pilgrim R2 Richard II R3 Richard III RJ Romeo and Juliet RL The Rape of Lucrece Son The Sonnets TA Titus Andronicus viii Abbreviations TC Troilus and Cressida Tem The Tempest TG Two Gentlemen of Verona Tim Timon of Athens TK Two Noble Kinsmen TN Twelfth Night TS The Taming of the Shrew VA Venus and Adonis WT The Winter’s Tale 2. Abbreviations of scholarly works Most books and articles are indicated by the surname of the author and date of publication and can be expanded through consulting the Bibliography. Other abbreviations include the following, whose full details can be found in the Bibliography: CDS J. Green, Cassell’s Dictionary of Slang Dent R. W. Dent, Shakespeare’s Proverbial Language DSUE E. Partridge, Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English GSSL G. Williams, A Glossary of Shakespeare’s Sexual Language GTSW W. W. Skeat, A Glossary of Tudor and Stuart Words Hulme Hilda Hulme, Explorations in Shakespeare’s Language King Arthur King, The Language of Satirized Characters in Poëtaster OED Oxford English Dictionary PWPS Ernst Leisi, Problemwörter und Problemstellen in Shakespeares Dramen RDHS E. Partridge, Routledge Dictionary of Historical Slang ShL A. Schmidt, Shakespeare-Lexicon SML Charles Edelman, Shakespeare’s Military Language: A Dictionary SSNT A. F. Falconer, Shakespeare’s Sea and Naval Terms SW D. and B. Crystal, Shakespeare’s Words 3. Other Abbreviations a ante Add.Pass. Additional Passage adj. adjective/modifier adv. adverb(ial) AFr. Anglo-French c circa, dated about C century (e.g. C17 = seventeenth century) cf. compare conj. conjunction Epil. Epilogue F First Folio (1623) Fr. French Gk Greek ix
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