Shadow States : India, China and the Himalayas, 1910–1962 PDF
Preview Shadow States : India, China and the Himalayas, 1910–1962
Since the mid-twentieth century China and India have entertained a G u difficult relationship, erupting into open war in 1962. Shadow States is the y o first book to unpack Sino-Indian tensions from the angle of competitive t - R state-building – through a study of their simultaneous attempts to win é c the approval and support of the Himalayan people. When China and h India tried to expand into the Himalayas in the twentieth century, their a r lack of strong ties to the region and the absence of an easily enforceable d Shadow States border made their proximity threatening: observing China and India’s state-making efforts, local inhabitants were in a position to compare and S h potentially choose between them. Using rich and original archival research, India, China and the a Berenice Guyot-Rechard shows how India and China became each other’s d o Himalayas, 1910–1962 “shadow states”. Understanding these recent, competing processes of state w formation in the Himalayas is fundamental to understanding the roots of S tensions in Sino-Indian relations. t Bérénice Guyot-Réchard a t Bérénice Guyot-Réchard teaches International and South Asian History at e s King’s College London. She was previously Research Fellow at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Her research explores the effects of social, political, and environmental processes on South Asia’s contemporary international relations. She has recently published in Contemporary South Asia and Modern Asian Studies. Printed in the United Kingdom Cover image: © Kiran 2013 Shadow States Since the mid-twentieth century, China and India have entertained a difficultrelationship,eruptingintoopenwarin1962.ShadowStatesis thefirstbooktounpackSino-Indiantensionsfromtheangleofcompe- titivestate-making–throughastudyoftheirsimultaneousattemptsto winthe approval and supportof Himalayan people.When China and IndiatriedtoexpandintotheHimalayasinthetwentiethcentury,their lackofstrongtiestotheregionandtheabsenceofaneasilyenforceable bordermadetheirproximitythreatening:observingChina’sandIndia’s state-makingefforts,localinhabitantswereinapositiontocompareand potentially choose between them. Using rich and original archival research,BéréniceGuyot-RéchardshowshowIndiaandChinabecame each other’s ‘shadow states’. Understanding these recent, competing processesofstateformationintheHimalayasisfundamentaltounder- standingtherootsoftensionsinSino-Indianrelations. BéréniceGuyot-RéchardteachesinternationalandSouthAsianhistory at King’s College London. She was previously Research Fellow at Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Her research explores the effects of social,political,andenvironmentalprocessesonSouthAsia’scontem- porary international relations. She has recently published in ContemporarySouthAsiaandModernAsianStudies. Shadow States India, China and the Himalayas, 1910–1962 Bérénice Guyot-Réchard King’sCollegeLondon UniversityPrintingHouse,CambridgeCB28BS,UnitedKingdom OneLibertyPlaza,20thFloor,NewYork,NY10006,USA 477WilliamstownRoad,PortMelbourne,VIC3207,Australia 4843/24,2ndFloor,AnsariRoad,Daryaganj,Delhi–110002,India 79AnsonRoad,#06–04/06,Singapore079906 CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107176799 ©BéréniceGuyot-Réchard2017 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2017 PrintedintheUnitedKingdombyClays,StIvesplc AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. ISBN978-1-107-17679-9Hardback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof URLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. To Max Contents ListofFigures pageix ListofMaps x Acknowledgements xi TranscriptionandTerminology xiv Chronology xvi AcronymsandAbbreviations xviii Glossary xix Characters xxi Introduction 1 PartI 1910–1950 29 1 FalseStarts:TheFirstRushtowardstheEastern Himalayas 31 2 TheReturnoftheFair-WeatherState:TheSecondWorld WarandtheHimalayas 59 PartII 1950–1959 93 3 Exploration,Expansion,Consolidation?StatePowerand itsLimitations 95 4 TheArtofPersuasion:DevelopmentinaBorderSpace 127 PartIII 1959–1962 163 5 AVoidScreamingtoBeFilled:MilitarisationandState– SocietyRelations 165 6 SaltTastestheSameinIndiaandChina:ADifferentKind ofSecurityDilemma 201 vii viii Contents 7 OpenWar:State-Making’sDressRehearsal 232 Conclusion 265 Maps 273 SelectBibliography 280 Index 310
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