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Shackleton's Antarctic Adventure PDF

29 Pages·2012·1.04 MB·English
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DOCUMENT RESUME SE 065 653 ED 460 019 Gibb, Reen AUTHOR Shackleton's Antarctic Adventure: The Greatest Survival TITLE Story of All Time. Teacher's Guide To Accompany the Giant-Screen Film. WGBH-TV, Boston, MA. INSTITUTION 2001-00-00 PUB DATE 28p.; Guide produced by the Educational Print and Outreach NOTE Department of the WGBH Educational Foundation. Film co-produced by White Mountain Films and NOVA/WGH Boston, Presented by Stanley Dean Witter. The Antarctic Connection, P.O. Box 538, Jackson, NH 03846. AVAILABLE FROM Tel: 603-383-8933. For full text: http://main.wgbh.org/imax/shackleton/pdf/teachinggd_hi. pdf. Classroom Teacher (052) Guides PUB.TYPE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. EDRS PRICE Elementary Education; *Films; Foreign Countries; DESCRIPTORS *Interdisciplinary Approach; *Science Activities; *Science Curriculum; Science Instruction; Teaching Guides *Antarctica IDENTIFIERS ABSTRACT This teacher's guide was developed to accompany the giant-screen film, "Shackleton's Antarctic Adventure". The activities featured use a multidisciplinary approach and target students ages 7 through 14. Teacher pages include background information and student pages include instructions and additional information for understanding the activity. "A Journey Unexpected"; (2) "Ice-Cold Continent"; Activities include: (3) (1) "Stormy Seas Ahead"; and "In Their Own Words"; "Seal for Breakfast"; (4) (5) "Finding the Way." (YDS) (6) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND CENTER (ERIC) DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS This document has been reproduced as ed from the person or organization BEEN GRANTED BY originating it. 0 Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES official OERI position or policy. INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) SHACKLETOWS ANTARCTIC ADVENTURE The greatest survival story of all ti PY AAL TEACHER'S GUIDE to accompany the giant-screen film Gre44-'1, SlavO L Jtian Sec) //Thlf ska `7. C/1 ) e r 0 Q..Eca i / /4' ,------ , ) N we: / I /,, 7---/J 43, , I -f-- i . rh i I 1 L._ ------ r 0 -,,.., ic. . _ ii i , I , ' ' /".: , 1 1 ..---')1 ', 0 , 1 , '--- I) .."-s- o 4 'rencit,c T 1 _97.___..0_.3.:m ,4,--\.. ,1 ;.- i 'ig I , . ,, - I I --\ 1 tral Fr# to L--7 &Sin 1.,z,, _Jo, 1 J - --%- 1 q r) 00 j I ! ..,----, 'N1A z I : Basin yssal P Bel'llira \ Contents Who Was Sir Ernest Shackleton? 2 A Journey Unexpected 6 Activity I: Track the Expedition Students use latitude and longitude coordinates to track Shackleton's epic journey. Ice-Cold Continent 10 Activity 2: All About Antarctica Students learn basic information about Antarctica and compare the continent to the places where they live. Seal for Breakfast? 12 Activity 3: What's on Your Plate? Students compare the nutritional value and variety of their own meals to those eaten by the earlyAntarctic explorers. In Their Own Words 16 Activity.4: In Your Words Students read journal entries written by Shackleton and his crew and create passages documenting their own lives. Stormy Seas Ahead 20 Caird Activity 5: Craft the Students use mathematical scale to create a life-size outline of the James Caird lifeboat. The James Caird was the boat that Finding the Way carried Sir Ernest Shackleton and 22 five others from Elephant Island to Activity 6: Find Your Latitude South Georgia Island in 17 days. Students make their own quadrants and use them to This replica of the Caird was made especially for the film Shacideton's determine their latitude. AntarcticAdventure. Resources 24 130131 6119111651EMO © 2001 WGBH Educational Foundation 1 Who Was Sir Ernest Shackleton? Born in 1874 in County Kildare, Ireland, Ernest Shackleton lived with his family first in Dublin, Ireland, and then in England, where he was educated at Dulwich College. At age 16, Shackleton joined the British Merchant Navy. A decade later he volunteered to accompany the National Antarctic Expedition under British Captain Robert Falcon Scott, which became the first of four polar adventures Shackleton would undertake. The 1901- I 904 Scott expedition aboard the ship Discovery came within a record- breaking 400 miles (643.7 km) of the South Pole, but was ultimately unsuccessful in reaching its destination. Shackleton returned to England, married, and tried to establish a name for himself in journalism, business, and politics. By 1908, however, Shackleton was again drawn to the Antarctic. Deciding to attempt the South Pole trek himself, he raised the funds for his own Nimrod expe- dition. But the Nimrod's quest for the Pole failed, too. His crew got within a scant I 00 miles (160.9 km) of the Polefarther south than anyone had gone before when Shackleton was forced to turn back because of the party's ill health and dwindling Sir Ernest supplies.To the dismay of England's citizens, boasting rights to the Pole went three years Shackleton later to Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. At this juncture, Britain had now been "beaten" to both the North and South Poles. Shackleton set out to gain Britain the honor of what he called "the largest and most striking of all journeysthe crossing of the Continent." To recruit the crew of his British Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, who would sail More on Shackleton aboard the Endurance, it is said that Shackleton posted the following notice:"Men wanted www.pbs.org/nova/shackleton/ for hazardous journey.Small wages. Bitter cold. Long months of complete darkness. Find more information about Constant danger. Safe return doubtful. Honour and recognition in case of success." Shackleton's expedition, Shackleton chose 27 men to serve a variety of positions, such as running and navigating including sounds and interactive activities, on Shackleton's the ship, cooking the meals, and Antarctic Odyssey, the NOVA/PBS keeping track of supplies. He also Online AdventureWeb site that took scientists, surgeons,a carpenter, documents the two filming and a photographer on board.The expeditions in the Antarctic. I crew set forth from BuenosAires, Argentina, on October 26,1914. Egild11111EIEMS Endurance crew members pose beneath the ship's bow. 2 Biographers have said that Shackleton was drawn to polar exploration by his romantic, adventurous nature rather than scientific interest. But Shackleton knew that expeditions were formally sanctioned by their scientific goals; therefore, he recruited a scientific staff of foura biologist, a geologist, a meteorologist, and a physicist.The plan was for these men to work from their base on theWeddell Sea to investigate Graham Land to theWest and Enderby Land to the East; the Endurance was equipped for dredging and hydrological work.These original goals were thwarted, so, in the end,the crew's most significant contribution to science was its careful record of theWeddell Sea's infamous drift. While Shackleton and his crew failed to make the first crossing of the Antarctic continent, their expedition became a larger-than-life testament to heroism and human endurance, with all 28 men surviving two years in the barren,frigid Antarctic after their ship,the Endurance, was caught in pack ice and eventually crushed. The crew officially dispersed in October 1916, with most of the men returning to England to serve in WorldWar I.The expedition team was later awarded the Polar Medal, although Shackleton denied it to four of his men who he seemed to feel had not given their all in that dire time. In 1921, Shackleton led his final journey to the Antarctic on the ship Quest, bringing with him a handful of the original Endurance crew members. But shortly after the start of the expeditionon January 5,1922Shackleton died of a heart attack; he was in his late 40s. At the request of his wife, he was buried at Grytviken,the South Georgia Island whaling station that played a pivotal role in his journey of endurance. p 60 W 55°W 50°W 40°W 35°W 45°W 65°W Key /.44,0s Intended route owl Actual route irwia,o *04 _I p i .. gwitt5-s 1151 011111404 41 A-, A OA Rif'44,47 Shackleton originally intended to land at Vahsel Bay and head southwest toward the 65°S 4*, Ross Sea.His actual route (inset) was much d,JD- *,`- differentbecause the Endurance became stuck in pack ice,Shackleton and his crew 41., remained in theWeddell Sea, never actually setting foot on the continent. Note: Shackleton's routes are approximated. 1=211 1====11 ZEIENIE6=1 IMIGIEMf=01 3 . Shackleton's Antarctic Adventure I The giant-screen film Shackleton's Antarctic Adventure transports viewers back in time to experience Sir Ernest Shackleton's amazing tale of leadership, heroism, endurance, and epic adventure.The film: explains that no place on Earth is more hostile to life than Antarctica,which is surrounded by immense ice floes and gripped by temperatures that dip well below -100°F (-73.3°C) and winds up to 200 miles per hour (321.9 kph). It is the only continent never permanently settled by people and the last to be explored. tells how Shackleton twice attempted to reach the South Pole, only to have it Film Web Site claimed first by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen.Shackleton set a new www.shackletonsantarctic goal:He would be the first to cross the entire Antarctic continent, some 1,700 adventu re.com statute miles wide (2,735.8 krn). Visit the Shackleton'sAntarctic AdventureWeb site to find e-mail describes how Shackleton recruited his 27-man crew of scientists, officers, and postcards featuring images from seamen, and how they finally set sail from South Georgia Island in December the film,a downloadable version 1914 for the Weddell Sea coast of Antarctica. of this teacher's guide, a listing portrays Shackleton as a man of towering ambition and boundless optimism, of special events nationwide, and more. whose crew members dubbed him "The Boss:' recounts how his wooden ship,the Endurance, became trapped in the pack ice of theWeddell Sea before ever reaching Antarctica. For 10 months,the ship drifted, locked in ice, until millions of tons of moving pack ice pressed against the Endurance with tremendous pressure, crushing it. re-creates life at Patience Camp,the camp on an ice floe where the crew lived for five months after they had to abandon ship. shows how the men played games and engaged in sing-alongs, plays, and skits. chronicles how once their camp drifted close to open areas of water,Shackleton and his men rowed their three lifeboats as far as uninhabited Elephant Island. depicts the perilous 800-mile (I,287.5-km) journey made by Shackleton and five others in a 23-foot (7.0-rn) lifeboat called theJames Caird through the world's worst seas to seek help at South Georgia Island. introduces three of today's most accomplished mountaineersReinhold Messner,StephenVenables, and Conrad Ankerwho retrace Shackleton's final leg of the journey to seek help:crossing 26 miles (41.8 km) of mountain peaks and crevassed glaciers on foot across South Georgia Island to a whaling station. reenacts the rescue of all 22 men left on Elephant Island, 22 months after their initial departure from BuenosAires, Argentina. 7 4 When Shackleton purchased his 144-foot-long (43.8-rn), 300-ton, (272.2-metric tons) wooden sailing ship, it was named Polaris; he renamed it the Endurance in honor of his family motto: FortitudineVincimus"by endurance we conquer:' Using This Guide This guide is intended to be used with the giant-screen film,Shackleton's AntarcticAdventure.The multidisciplinary activities presented here are designed for students ages 7 through 14. Each lesson features teacher and student pages.Teacher pages include topical background information and a setup to provide instruction for carrying out the activity.WebTreks offer more information on each activity topic,and Extensions offer ideas for augmenting the activity. Student pages include activity instructions,additional information to help students understand the activity, and follow-up questions. Additional student pages provide supplementary material to help students complete the activity. II Curriculum Connections Subject Activity Mathematics Health Social Studies English Science Track the Expedition . I 2. All AboutAntarctica 3. What's onYour Plate? 4. lnYourWords 5. Craft the Caird 6. FindYour Latitude 8 MM=E=OU IMIEVEIMMEN INIENEIMMESEMI A Journey Unexpected Background When Sir Ernest Shackleton and his crew members left South Georgia Island on December 5, 1914, they sailed south into theWeddell Sea.Their destination was Vahsel Bay,where they would disembark the Endurance and begin their southwest Mapping Terra trek across the Antarctic continent toward the Ross Sea.Shackleton brought Incognita 69 Canadian sledge dogs to aid the expedition's transcontinental passage, and he www.pbs.org/nova/shackleton- arranged for a separate crew to travel inland from the Ross Sea to deposit addi- surviving/mapping.html tional supplies he and his crew would use during their crossing. Everything Presents the evolution of seemed set. Antarctic mapmaking, from ancient Roman times But what Shackleton and his crew members didn't anticipate was the amount of to present day. pack icesolid or broken up ocean icethat they would encounter. And so, Satellite Image about a month and a half into their journey, they found themselves on a very ofAntarctica different expedition from the one they had so carefully planned:The Endurance terraweb.wr.usgs.gov/TRS/ became trapped by pack ice,which crushed the ship 10 months later. This left projects/Antarctica/AVHRR.html Shackleton and his 27 men stranded on the ice with only three lifeboats, limited Posts various satellite images provisions for food and shelter, and little hope of rescue. courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey. U.S. Census Bureau www.census.gov/cgi-bin/ Activity 1 : Track the Expedition gazetteer E id Gives the actual latitude and longitude of different areas Objective when town name and zip code Students use latitude and longitude 2. Make copies of Track the are entered. coordinates to track Shackleton's epic Expedition and TheTimeline activity journey. sheets.Tape TheTimeline activity sheets together so that they are side- Materials for each student Extension by-side. Distribute all activity sheets to copy of Track the Expedition students. activity sheet on page 7 Have students brainstorm and 3. Have students read TheTimeline create alternative ways to copy of TheTimeline activity sheets represent the timeline's events. once through before they do the mapping on pages 8-9 Examples include creating a activity. timeline that is: adhesive tape 4. Once everyone has read the timeline, scaled to visually display the Procedure have students read it again, this time length of time between events. I .Tell students that Shackleton originally locating the latitude and longitude illustrated to highlight one planned to be the first to cross coordinates listed within the text. As theme that runs through the Antarctica, but that because his ship got time period. they find each coordinate, have them caught in pack ice, he and his crew abbreviated to emphasize key map it on their Track the Expedition members never actually set foot on the events. activity sheet. continent itself. Instead, they found their presented along with a 5.When students have completed simultaneous timeline of events ship immobilized,and they had no the mapping exercise, have them answer occurring in other regions or knowledge of how long their expedition worldwide. the questions listed on the student would be stalled. activity page. audio-recorded and presented along with visuals. IESEIM=M=L9 13939=111ZIEMMEll 9 6 Track the Expedition Background Find out the answers to these questions and more as you track Shackleton's extraordinary Where did Sir Ernest Shackleton begin his journey to and from the Antarctic. Use the map journey? When did his ship get caught in pack ice? below with the latitude and longitude coordinates When did it get crushed? Where were his men listed in TheTimeline activity sheets to plot stranded for months? Shackleton's journey. 9014 50°W 65°W 60°W 55°W 45°W 40°W 35°W * INA ARGEN 50°S Punt Aren land Is. Fal .. got Latitude i.Geor: 55°S uaia CHI -N Nikirt* Ste ep 60°S D AKE P SSAG Prime ichlsi Meridian P 65°S taf ninsul 70°S International Date Line 41.1P Longitude About Latitude and Longitude 111 Latitude lines represent Shelf Ronne Ice 411ItY lbAr 441k the distance north or Coats Land 4.. crj south of the Earth's A equator. Longitude lines S. represent the distance L:JR9VaGIg40@t-J east or west of the prime , meridian, or the 1=1 International Date Line. Questions =HMS Both are measured in angular degrees. On this I .What were the northernmost and 3. In degrees of latitude, about how far is map, Punta Arenas, Chile, southernmost lines of latitude that the Coats Land, Antarctica,from the equator, is located at a latitude of Endurance passed through? which lies at 0° latitude? 53°S and a longitude of 7I°W 2.What were the easternmost and 4. In degrees of latitude, about how far is westernmost lines of longitude? the South Pole, which lies at 90°S,from the Note:Coordinates in this activity North Pole, which lies at 90°N? approximate Shackleton's journey. © 2001 WGBH Educational Foundation

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of foura biologist, a geologist, a meteorologist, and a physicist when town name and zip code . on Elephant Island at Cape CIAWorld Factbook . group,3 milk group, and 6 ounces of the meat group (total fat equals 73 grams).
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Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.