Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sourcebook

534 Pages·2019·2.589 MB·English

by  Omnigraphics

Health Reference Series
Sexually Transmitted
Diseases
SOURCEBOOK
SEVENTH EDITION
Basic Consumer Health Information about Sexual Health and the Screening, Diagnosis,
Treatment, and Prevention of Common Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), Including
Chancroid, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Herpes, Hepatitis, Human Immunodeficiency
Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), Human Papillomavirus (HPV),
Syphilis, and Trichomoniasis
Along with Facts about Risk Factors and Complications, Trends and Disparities in Infection
Rates, Tips for Discussing Sexually Transmitted Diseases with Sexual Partners, a Glossary
of Related Terms, and Resources for Additional Help and Information

Sexually Transmitted
Diseases
SOURCEBOOK
SEVENTH EDITION

Health Reference Series
Sexually Transmitted
Diseases
SOURCEBOOK
SEVENTH EDITION
Basic Consumer Health Information about Sexual Health and the Screening, Diagnosis,
Treatment, and Prevention of Common Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs), Including
Chancroid, Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Herpes, Hepatitis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS), Human Papillomavirus (HPV),
Syphilis, and Trichomoniasis
Along with Facts about Risk Factors and Complications, Trends and Disparities in
Infection Rates, Tips for Discussing Sexually Transmitted Diseases with Sexual Partners,
a Glossary of Related Terms, and Resources for Additional Help and Information
615 Griswold, Ste. 520, Detroit, MI 48226
Bibliographic Note
Because this page cannot legibly accommodate all the copyright notices, the Bibliographic
Note portion of the Preface constitutes an extension of the copyright notice.
* * *
OMNIGRAPHICS
Angela L. Williams, Managing Editor
* * *
Copyright © 2019 Omnigraphics
ISBN 978-0-7808-1691-6
E-ISBN 978-0-7808-1692-3
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Omnigraphics, Inc., issuing body.
Title: Sexually transmitted diseases sourcebook: basic consumer health
information about sexual health and the screening, diagnosis, treatment, and
prevention of common sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including chancroid,
chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, hepatitis, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), human papillomavirus (HPV), syphilis,
and trichomoniasis; along with facts about risk factors and complications, trends and
disparities in infection rates, tips for discussing stds with sexual partners, a glossary
of related terms, and resources for additional help and information.
Description: Seventh edition. | Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, [2019] | Series: Health
reference series | Includes index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018061734 (print) | LCCN 2019000435 (ebook) | ISBN
9780780816923 (ebook) | ISBN 9780780816916 (hard cover: alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Sexually transmitted diseases--Popular works.
Classification: LCC RC200.2 (ebook) | LCC RC200.2.S387 2019 (print) | DDC
616.95/1--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018061734
Electronic or mechanical reproduction, including photography, recording, or any other infor-
mation storage and retrieval system for the purpose of resale is strictly prohibited without
permission in writing from the publisher.
The information in this publication was compiled from the sources cited and from other
sources considered reliable. While every possible effort has been made to ensure reliability,
the publisher will not assume liability for damages caused by inaccuracies in the data, and
makes no warranty, express or implied, on the accuracy of the information contained herein.
This book is printed on acid-free paper meeting the ANSI Z39.48 Standard. The infinity
symbol that appears above indicates that the paper in this book meets that standard.
Printed in the United States
Table of Contents
Preface ............................................................................................xv
Part I: Introduction to Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Chapter 1— Overview of Sexual Health and the
Reproductive System ................................................3
Section 1.1— Overview and Impact ...................4
Section 1.2— Life Stages and Determinants .....5
Section 1.3— Facts on Reproductive and
Sexual Health ...............................8
Section 1.4— Recommendations for
Better Reproductive and
Sexual Health .............................12
Section 1.5— Female Reproductive
System .........................................16
Section 1.6— Male Reproductive System .........19
Chapter 2— Understanding Sexually Transmitted
Diseases ...................................................................23
Section 2.1— What Is a Sexually
Transmitted Disease? .................24
Section 2.2— Spreading of Sexually
Transmitted Diseases .................29
Chapter 3— Trends in Sexually Transmitted
Diseases ...................................................................33
v
Section 3.1— Trends in Sexually
Transmitted Disease Infection
in the United States ...................34
Section 3.2— The Global Human
Immunodeficiency Virus/
Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome Epidemic ....................37
Section 3.3— U.S. Response to the
Global Epidemic ..........................40
Section 3.4— Current Status of Sexually
Transmitted Diseases .................44
Chapter 4— Sexually Transmitted Diseases in
General Population .................................................47
Section 4.1— Sexually Transmitted
Diseases in Women .....................48
Section 4.2— Sexually Transmitted
Diseases in Children ...................52
Section 4.3— Sexually Transmitted
Diseases in Adolescents
and Young Adults .......................55
Section 4.4— Sexually Transmitted
Diseases in Men ..........................56
Chapter 5— Sexually Transmitted Diseases in
Special Populations ................................................61
Section 5.1— Human Immunodeficiency
Virus among Pregnant
Women .........................................62
Section 5.2— Sexually Transmitted
Diseases in Women Who
Have Sex with Women ...............64
Section 5.3— Sexually Transmitted
Diseases in Men Who Have
Sex with Men ..............................69
Chapter 6— Racial Disparities in Sexually
Transmitted Disease Rates ....................................71
Section 6.1— Sexually Transmitted
Diseases in Racial and
Ethnic Minorities ........................72
vi
Section 6.2— African Americans
Disproportionately Affected
by Sexually Transmitted
Diseases .......................................74
Section 6.3— Latinxs Bear a
Disproportionate Burden ............76
Chapter 7— Sexually Transmitted Diseases in
People in Correctional Facilities ............................79
Chapter 8— Specific Research Studies on Sexually
Transmitted Diseases .............................................83
Part II: Types of Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Chapter 9— Classification of Sexually Transmitted
Diseases ...................................................................89
Chapter 10— Chancroid ................................................................99
Section 10.1— What Is Chancroid? ..................100
Section 10.2— Prevalence and Treatment
of Chancroid ..............................101
Chapter 11— Chlamydia .............................................................105
Section 11.1— What Is Chlamydia? .................106
Section 11.2— What Is Nongonococcal
Urethritis? .................................108
Section 11.3— Prevalence and Treatment
of Chlamydia .............................112
Chapter 12— Donovanosis (Granuloma Inguinale) ...................117
Chapter 13— Gonorrhea .............................................................121
Section 13.1— What Is Gonorrhea? ..................122
Section 13.2— Diagnosis and Treatment
for Gonorrhea ............................124
Section 13.3— Antibiotic-Resistant
Gonorrhea .................................127
Chapter 14— Herpes Simplex .....................................................131
Section 14.1— What Is a Herpes? ....................132
Section 14.2— Genital Herpes in Detail ..........137
vii
Chapter 15— Hepatitis ................................................................145
Section 15.1— Viral Hepatitis ..........................146
Section 15.2— Hepatitis and HIV
Coinfection ................................158
Chapter 16— Human Immunodeficiency Virus and
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ...............161
Section 16.1— An Overview of Human
Immunodeficiency Virus and
Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome ..................................162
Section 16.2— The Human
Immunodeficiency Virus
Life Cycle ...................................165
Section 16.3— Symptoms of Human
Immunodeficiency Virus ...........169
Section 16.4— Questions and Answers
about Human
Immunodeficiency Virus
Transmission .............................172
Section 16.5— AIDS and Opportunistic
Infections ...................................176
Section 16.6— Testing for Human
Immunodeficiency Virus ...........181
Section 16.7—L iving with Human
Immunodeficiency Virus ...........192
Section 16.8— The Affordable Care Act
and People Living with
Human Immunodeficiency
Virus and Acquired
Immunodeficiency
Syndrome ..................................194
Chapter 17— Human Papillomavirus ........................................199
Section 17.1— What is Human
Papillomaviruses? .....................200
Section 17.2— Recurrent Respiratory
Papillomatosis and Human
Papillomaviruses ......................204
viii