Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Methods and Protocols PDF
Preview Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Methods and Protocols
Sexually Transmitted Diseases METHODS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE" John M. Walker, SEIRES ROTIDE 29. DNA Vaccines: Methods and Protocols, edited by Douglas .B Lowrie and Robert Whalen, 9991 28. Cytotoxic Drug Resistance Mechanisms, edited by Robert Brown and Uta B6ger-Brown, 1999 27. Clinical Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis, edited by Stephen M. Palfrey, 1999 26. Quantitative PCR Protocols, edited by Bernd Kochanowski and Udo Reischl, 1999 25. Drug Targeting, edited by .G .E Francis and Cristina Delgado, 1999 .42 Antiviral Methods and Protocols, edited by Derek Kinchington and Raymond F Schinazi, 9991 23. Peptidomimetics Protocols, edited by Wieslaw .M Kazmierski, 1999 22. Neurodegeneration Methods and Protocols, edited by Jean Harry and Hugh .4, Tilson, 1999 21. Adenovirus Methods and Protocols, edited by William S. M. Wold, 1999 20. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Methods and Protocols, edited by Rosanna .W Peeling and P. Frederick Sparling, 1999 .91 Hepatitis C Protocols, edited by Johnson .Y .N Lau, 1998 .81 Tissue Engineering Methods and Protocols, edited by Jeffrey R. Morgan and Martin Yarmush, 1999 .71 HIV Protocols, edited by Nelson Michael and Jerome .H Kim, 1999 .61 Clinical Applications of PCR, edited by .Y M. Dennis Lo, 1998 .51 Molecular Bacteriology: Protocols and Clinical Applications, edited by Neil Woodford and Alan P. Johnson, 1998 .41 Tumor Marker Protocols, edited by Margaret Hanausek and Zbigniew Walaszek, 8991 .31 Molecular Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases, edited by odU Reischl. 8991 .21 Diagnostic Virology Protocols, edited by John .R Stephenson and Alan Warnes, 8991 I I. Therapeutic Applications of Ribozymes, edited by Kevin J. Scanlon, 1998 .01 Herpes Simplex Virus Protocols, edited by .S Moira Brown and Alasdair .R MacLean, 1998 9. Lectin Methods and Protocols, edited by Jonathan .M Rhodes andJeremy .D Milton, 1998 8. Helicobacter pylori Protocols, edited by Christopher .L Clayton and Harry .L .T Moblev, 1997 .7 Gene Therapy Protocols, edited by Paul D. Robbins, 1997 6. Molecular Diagnosis of Cancer0 edited by Finbarr .E Cotter. 1996 5. Molecular Diagnosis of Genetic Diseases, edited by Rob Elles. 1996 .4 Vaccine Protocols, edited by Andrew Robinson, Graham .H Farrar, and Christopher .N Wiblin, 6991 3. Prion Diseases, edited by Harry ,F Baker and Rosalind .M Ridley. 6991 2. Human Cell Culture Protocols, edited by Gareth .E Jones, 1996 I. Antisense Therapeutics, edited by Sudhir Agrawal. 1996 Sexually Transmitted Diseases Methods and Protocols detidE yb Rosanna W. Peeling, DhP National Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Winnipeg, Canada and .P Frederick Sparling, DM University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC Humana Press ~(E Totowa, weN Jersey © 1999 Humana Press Inc. 999 Riverview Drive, Suite 208 Totowa, New Jersey 07512 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise without written permission from the Publisher. Methods in Molecular Medicine is a trademark of The MT Humana Press Inc. All authored papers, comments, opinions, conclusions, or recommendations are those of the author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. This publication is printed on acid-free paper. (~) ANSI Z39.48-1984 (American Standards Institute) Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. Cover illustration: Chlamydial inclusion being exuded from host cell. Scaning electron micrograph supplied by R. W. Peeling. Cover design by Patricia .F Cleary. For additional copies, pricing for bulk purchases, and/or information about other Humana titles, contact Humana at the above address or at any of the following numbers: Tel: 973-256-1699; Fax: 973-256-8341; E-mail: [email protected] or visit our website at http://www.humanapress.com Photocopy Authorization Policy: Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by Humana Press Inc., provided that the base fee of US $8.00 per copy, plus US $00.25 per page, is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center at 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license from the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged and is acceptable to Humana Press Inc. The fee code for users of the Transactional Reporting Service is: 0-89603-535-2/99 $8.00 + $00.25. Printed in the United StatesofAmerica. 01 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Methods in molecular medicine .MT Sexually transmitted diseases: methods and protocols/edited by Rosanna W. Peeling and P. Frederick Sparling p. cm.---(Methods in molecular medicine )MT Includes index. ISBN 0-89603-535-2 (alk. paper) .1 Sexually transmitted diseases-Diagnosis-Laboratory manuals. 2. Molecular diagnosis-- Laboratory manuals. 3. Molecular microbiology-Laboratory manuals. 4. Sexually transmitted diseases-Molecular aspects-Laboratory manuals. I. Peeling, Rosanna W. .1I Sparling, .P Frederick. .111 Series. DNLM: .1 Sexually Transmitted Diseases-diagnosis. 2. Laboratory Techniques and Procedures-- standards. .3 Molecular Biology-methods. WC 041 P967 1998 RC200.55.M64P76 1999 616.95' 1075-DC21 DNLM/DLC 98-18197 for Library of Congress CIP Preface In recent years, molecular techniques have enhanced our ability to detect sexually transmitted infections and to conduct research to further our under- standing of sexually transmitted diseases. Molecular methods to quantitate pathogen load have also been shown to be useful for the management of HIV and other viral STDs. Existing laboratory manuals for the clinical microbiol- ogy laboratory often do not include molecular methods for STDs. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Methods and Protocols is intended to fill the need for a dedicated manual that covers all the fundamental aspects of molecular proto- cols for laboratory diagnosis, as well as research methodology for STDs, in- cluding HIV. There are more than 21 types of molecular techniques described in this book covering nine major sexually transmitted pathogens. Although molecu- lar methods for the detection of such pathogens as Trichomonas vaginalis are available in the published literature, they have not been included since they are not yet widely used for laboratory diagnosis or research. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Methods and Protocols is one of a series of books treating Methods ni Molecular Medicine, published by Humana Press. It is intended as a stand-alone laboratory manual that will not require refer- ence to any other sources. When a reagent or product for any protocol re- quires a unique source, the manufacturer is cited in the text. Unique features of books in this series are such regular elements as a "Notes" section at the end of each chapter that provides hands-on information on pitfalls to avoid, tips for problem solving, alternative strategies, along with other practical in- formation that has accumulated during the authors' years of experience with molecular techniques. Such valuable information and insight are seldom found in journal articles or other publications. Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Methods and Protocols should be of in- terest not only to clinical microbiologists who are new to molecular techniques, but also useful for laboratory scientists with an interest in STD/HIV research. Given the enormous psychological implications of a positive diagnosis for a sexually transmitted infection, laboratories currently employing commercial kits for routine detection of sexually transmitted pathogens can use methods described in this book to independently confirm positive results, and for qual- vi Preface ity assurance in general. Methods suitable for field studies described in this book may be of use for studies in developing countries. Duplex and multiplex PCR methods designed sa panels for DTS syndromes can be a cost-effective means of monitoring disease prevalence and validating algorithms for syndromic management, an important DTS control strategy in developing countries. Rosanna W. Peeling, DHP P. Frederick Spading, DM Contents Preface ............................................................................................................. v ix Contributors ..................................................................................................... PART I. OVERVIEW 1 The Impact of Molecular Technology on STD Control: A Historical evitcepsreP .P Frederick Spading ............................................................................. 3 PART II. MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES FOR THE DETECTION OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED PATHOGENS 2 Neisseria :eaeohrronog noitceteD dna gnipyT by eborP ,noitazidirbyH LCR, dna RCP Charlotte A. Gaydos and Thomas C. Quinn ..................................... 51 aidymalhC sitamohcart 3 Molecular Diagnosis for Infections by Probe Hybridization, PCR, LCR, TMA, and Q-13 Replicase Max A. Chernesky and James B. Mahony ........................................ 33 4 Haemophilus ducreyi Detection by PCR Patricia A. Totten, Jane Kuypers, and Stephen A. Morse .............. 47 amenoperT pallidum, sulihpomeaH ,iyercud 5 Detection of and Herpes Simplex Virus by Multiplex PCR Karina A. Orle and Judith .B Weiss 67 ................................................... 6 Detection of Genital Mycoplasmas by PCR Claire .B Gilroy and David Taylor-Robinson 18 .................................... Detection dna noitatitnauQ by enarbmeM 7 Hepatitis B Virus: and Liquid ,noitazidirbyH Branched AND Signal ,noitacififpmA Hybrid ,erutpaC dna RCP sdohteM Mel Krajden ........................................................................................ 301 8 Molecular Diagnosis of HIV-1 by PCR Susan A. Fiscus ............................................................................... 921 v// viii Contents PART III. RESEARCH TECHNIQUES FOR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND THE MANAGEMENT OF STDs 9 Genotyping of Neisseria gonorrhoeae by Pulse Field Gel Electrophoresis and PCR lan .W Maclean ................................................................................... 143 10 Genotyping Chlamydia trachomatis by PCR Deborah Dean ..................................................................................... 151 11 Human Papillomavirus Detection by PCR and Typing by Dot-Blot Agnetha Josefsson, Patrik Magnusson, and UIf Gyllensten ....... 171 12 Quantitation of HIV-1 RNA in Dried Plasma Spots (DPS): A Field Approach to Therapeutic Monitoring Sharon A. Cassol, Francisco Diaz-Mitoma, and D. William Cameron ............................................................... 195 13 Collection and Processing of Seminal Plasma for the Quantitation of HIV-1 RNA by NASBA and RT-PCR Susan A. Fiscus and Myron S. Cohen ............................................ 209 PART IV. MOLECULART ECHNOLOGYF OR STD DIAGNOSISA ND RESEARCH; THE NEW CHALLENGES 14 Molecular Techniques for HIV and STDs: Implications for Research and Disease Control in the New Millenium Rosanna .W Peeling, David .C .W Mabey, and King K. Holmes ...................................................................... 219 Index ............................................................................................................ 233 Contributors D. WILLIAM NOREMAC Division of Infectious Diseases, Ottawa General ° Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario adanaC NORAHS A. LOSSAC ° Ottawa General Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ,oiratnO Canada MAX A. YKSENREHC Regional Virology and Chlamydia Laboratory, .tS • Joseph's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada MYRON S. NEHOC • Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC HAROBED DEAN ° University of ainrofilaC at naS francisco School of ,enicideM naS Francisco, AC OCSICNARF DIAZ-MITOMA Ottawa General Hospital Research Institute, ° Ottawa, Ontario, adanaC NASUS A. FIscus Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at ° Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC ETTOLRAHC A. GRAYDOS Disease Division, Johns Hopkins "Infectious ,ytisrevinU Baltimore, Maryland CLAIRE B. GILROY ehT Jefferiss Trust Research Laboratories, Imperial ° College School of Medicine at .tS Mary's, London, UK ULF NETSNELLYG Department of Medical Genetics, Biomedical ,retneC ° ,alasppU Sweden KING K. SEMLOH Center for AIDS and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, ° University of ,notgnihsaW Seattle, AW AHTENGA NOSSFESOJ • Department of Medical Genetics, Biomedical ,retneC ,alasppU Sweden MEL NEDJARK ehT Toronto Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ° ENAJ SREPYUK tnemtrapeD of ,ygolohtaP ytisrevinU of ,notgnihsaW ,elttaeS AW ° DAVID C. W. MABEY ° Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, KU IAN NAELCAM • Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada PATRIK NOSSUNGAM Department of Medical Genetics, Biomedical ,retneC ° ,alasppU Sweden ix x Contributors SEMAJ B. YENOHAM • Regional Virology and Chlamydia Laboratory, .tS Joseph's Hospital McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada NEHPETS A. ESROM Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, AG • ANIRAK A. ELRO Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, AC • National Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted ROSANNA W. PEELING • Diseases, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control, Health Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada SAMOHT C. QUINN • Infectious Disease Division, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD Department of Medicine, University of North P. FREDERICK SPARLING • Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC ND. OSNIBOR-ROLYAT • The Jefferiss Trust Research Laboratories, Imperial College School of Medicine at St. Mary's, London, UK AICIRTAP A. NETTOT Division of Infectious Diseases, University of ,notgnihsaW • Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, AW HTIDUJ B. SSIEW ° Roche Molecular Systems, Alameda, AC
The list of books you might like
