Sexuality, Politics and AIDS in Brazil: In Another World? PDF
Preview Sexuality, Politics and AIDS in Brazil: In Another World?
Sexuality, Politics and AIDS in Brazil Social Aspects of AIDS Series Editor: Peter Aggleton Goldsmiths’ College, University of London Editorial Advisory Board Dominic Abrams, University of Kent at Canterbury, UK Dennis Altman, La Trobe University, Australia Maxine Ankrah, Makerere University, Uganda Mildred Blaxter, University of East Anglia, UK Manuel Caballo, World Health Organization Judith Cohen, University of California San Francisco, USA Anthony Coxon, University of Essex, UK Peter Davies, University of Essex, UK Gary Dowsett, Macquarie University, Australia Jan Grover, Oakland, California, USA Graham Hart, University and Middlesex School of Medicine, London, UK Mukesh Kapila, Overseas Development Administration, UK Hans Moerkerk, National Commission on AIDS Control, Amsterdam, Netherlands Cindy Patton, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, USA Diane Richardson, University of Sheffield, UK Werasit Sittitrai, Chulalongkom University, Thailand Ron Stall, University of California San Francisco, USA Robert Tielman, University of Utrecht, Netherlands Simon Watney, London, UK Jeffrey Weeks, Bristol Polytechnic, UK Sexuality, Politics and AIDS in Brazil In Another World? Herbert Daniel and Richard Parker The Falmer Press (A member of the Taylor & Francis Group) London • Washington D.C. UK The Falmer Press, 4 John Street, London, WC1N 2ET USA The Falmer Press, Taylor & Francis Inc., 1900 Frost Road, Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007 © Selection and editorial material copyright Richard Parker and the Estate of Herbert Daniel 1993 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the Publisher. First published in 1993 This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” A catalogue record for this book is available from the British LLiibrary ISBN 0-203-20987-7 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-26783-4 (Adobe eReader Format) ISBN 0 75070 135 8 (Print Edition) ISBN 0 75070 136 6 pbk Jacket design by Caroline Archer This book is the product of ‘quatro mãos’ (four hands). It was in the final stages of completion when Herbert Daniel died on 29 March 1992. It is dedicated to Claudio Mesquita, Daniel’s partner in life for more than twenty years. Contents Series Editor’s Preface viii Note on Translation and Language x Acknowledgments xi Introduction 1 Herbert DanielRichard Parker Part 1. The Social Construction of AIDS in Brazil 5 1 AIDS in Brazil 7 Richard Parker 2 The Bankruptcy of the Models: Myths and 33 Realities of AIDS in Brazil Herbert Daniel 3 The Third Epidemic: An Exercise in Solidarity 49 Herbert DanielRichard Parker Part 2. Sexual Culture, Social Representations and HIV 63 Transmission 4 ‘Within Four Walls’: Brazilian Sexual Culture 65 and HIV/AIDS Richard Parker 5 The Negotiation of Difference: Male 85 Prostitution, Bisexual Behaviour and HIV Transmission Richard Parker 6 After AIDS: Changes in (Homo)sexual 97 Behaviour Richard Parker 7 The Politics of AIDS Education in Brazil 117 Richard Parker vii Part 3. Living with AIDS: A Personal Perspective 131 8 News from Another Life 133 Herbert Daniel 9 Above All, Life 137 Herbert Daniel 10 From the Paralysis of Fear to the Response of 147 Solidarity Herbert Daniel 11 You’ll Never Forget Your First AZT 151 Herbert Daniel 12 The Soul of a Citizen 155 Herbert Daniel Bibliography 157 Index 163 Series Editor’s Preface It is increasingly recognized that research into sexual meanings, sexual identities and sexual cultures is essential if HIV and AIDS health promotion activities are to be well founded. For to ignore the various ways in which people interpret and understand their sexual lives is to run the risk of devising culturally inappropriate and ineffective interventions. Likewise, the insights and experience of those living with HIV disease are essential if we are to be effective in challenging deep seated prejudices and hostilities. This insight is vital too for the development of a more constructive politics of AIDS—a politics which challenges efforts to marginalize, stigmatize and discriminate, and one which insists on the involvement of people with HIV disease in activities related to prevention and care. All of these concerns are central to the arguments in this book. Drawing upon nearly a decade’s experience, Herbert Daniel and Richard Parker chart the course of the epidemic and its social effects in Brazil. The analysis they offer is rigorous, incisive and compelling, and derives both from social scientific research and personal involvement in community activism around AIDS. The authors portray graphically what it means to live with AIDS in contemporary Brazil, and how the epidemic has impacted upon the lives of individuals and communities. Pointing to the inadequacy of Western models as a way of understanding the effects of the epidemic, Sexuality, Politics and AIDS in Brazil argues for a more sophisticated appreciation of the ways in which sexuality is understood and lived. While its focus is on sexual behaviour between men, and male sexual desire, the analysis developed has more general applicability. It highlights, for example, the limits of attempts to understand the social dynamics of HIV and AIDS in ‘outsider’ terms —be these the categories offered by mainstream epidemiology or those imposed by government or state bureaucracies. Sexuality, Politics and AIDS in Brazil points too to global inequalities in health and their impact on individuals and communities. It makes available to a wider ix readership ideas central to the development of a more critical and reflexive HIV and AIDS health promotion practice. Peter Aggleton
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