Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia

200 Pages·2001·6.56 MB·English

by  R. Phillip Dellinger M.D. (auth.)

SEVERE COMMUNITY
ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA
PERSPECTIVES ON CRITICAL CARE
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Jordi Rella, MD., Series Editor
1. N. Singh and J.M. Aguado (eds.): Infectious Complications in
Transplant Recipients. 2000. ISBN 0-7923-7972-1
2. P.Q. Eichacker and J. Pugin (eds.): Evolving Concepts in Sepsis
and Septic Shock. 2001. ISBN 0-7923-7235-2
3. J. Rello and K. Leeper (eds.): Severe Community Acquired
Pneumonia. 2001. ISBN 0-7923-7338-3
SEVERE COMMUNITY
ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA
edited by
Jordi Rello, M.D.
Critical Care Department
Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII
Carrer Dr. Mallafre Guasch, 4
E-43007 Tarragona
Spain
and
Kenneth Leeper, Jr., M.D.
Crawford Memorial Hospital
The Emory Clinic
Division ofP ulmonary & Critical Care Medicine
550 Peachtree Street, NE
Atlanta, GA 30365
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Severe eommunity aequired pneumonia / edited by Jordi Rello and Kenneth Leeper, Jr.
p. ; em. --(Perspectives on critical care infectious diseases ; 3)
Includes bibliographical referenees and index.
ISBN 978-1-4613-5650-9 ISBN 978-1-4615-1631-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-1631-6
1. Pneumonia. 2. Critical care medicine. 1. Rello, Jordi. II. Leeper, Kenneth. III.
Series.
[DNLM: 1. Pneumonia--therapy. 2. Community-Acquired Infections--therapy. 3. Drug
Resistanee, Microbial. 4. Intensive Care--methods. 5. Legionnaires' Disease--therapy. 6.
Pseudomonas Infeetions--therapy. WC 202 S498 2001]
RC771 .S425 2001
616.2'41--dc21
2001029312
Copyright © 2001 by Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2001
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 2001
AII rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system
or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photo-eopying, reeording, or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Printed an acid-free pap er.
CONTENTS
Contributors
Vll
Introduction ix
Jordi Rello
1. Management of Respiratory Failure in Severe Community- 1
Acquired Pneumonia
North American Perspective:
R. Phillip Dellinger, M.D.
2. Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia: Management of 19
Respiratory Failure
European Perspective:
Massimo Antonelli, M.D.
3. Approach to Severe Community Acquired Legionellosis 27
North American Perspective:
Kenneth V. Leeper, Jr., M.D.
4. Approach to Severe Legionellosis 41
European Perspective:
Jorge Roig, M.D. and Christian Domingo, M.D.
5. The Problem of Penicillin-Resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae 57
European Perspective:
Esther Azoulay-Dupuis, Ph.D., Pierre Moine, M.D. and Claude
Carbon, M.D.
6. The Role of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Community Acquired 75
Pneumonia
North American Perspective:
Kevin R. Flaherty, M.D., Fernando Martinez, M.D., Carol
Chenoweth, M.D. and Joseph P. Lynch III, M.Do
VI Contents
7. Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Initial Antibiotic Choices 105
European Perspective:
Santiago Ewig, M.D. and Antoni Torres, M.D.
8. The Role of Alcohol in Severe Pneumonia and Acute Lung 119
Injury
North American Perspective:
Marc Moss, M.D.
9. The Role of Alcohol and Acute Lung Injury 139
South American Perspective:
Charles Feldman, MB, B.Ch, Ph.D., FCP, (SA)
10. Adjunctive Therapies in Severe Community-Acquired 153
Pneumonia
North American Perspective:
Shawn 1. Skerrett, M.D.
11. Adjunctive Therapies in Severe Community-Acquired 179
Pneumonia
European Perspective:
Concepcion Monton, M.D.S. and Miquel Ferrer, M.D.
Index 191
CONTRIBUTORS
Massimo Antonelli, M.D.
Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care
University "La Sapienza" of Rome-ITALY
R. Phillip Dellinger, M.D.
Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Christian Domingo, M.D.
Corporaci6 Sanitaria Parc Tauli. Sabadell. SPAIN
Esther Azoulay-Dupuis, Ph.D.
Pierre Moine, M.D.
Claude Carbon, M.D.
EPI 9933 and Internal Medecine Unit, Hospital Bichat,
46 rue Henri Huchard 75877, Paris Cedex 18, FRANCE
Santiago Ewig, M.D.
University of Bonn, Bonn, GERMANY
Charles Feldman, MB BCh, PhD, FCP (SA)
Medicine Department, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,
South Africa
Miquel Ferrer, M.D.
Inistitut Clinic de Pneumologia I Cirurgia Toracica. Hospital Clinic.
Barcelona, SPAIN
Kevin R. Flaherty, M.D.
Fernando Martinez, M.D.
Carol Chenoweth, M.D.
Joseph P. Lynch III, M.D.
University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0360,
USA
Kenneth V. Leeper, Jr., M.D.
Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
Vill Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia
Concepcion Monton, M.D.S.
Pneumologia. Corporacio Sanitaria Parc Tauli. Sabadell. Barcelona,
SPAIN
Marc Moss, M.D.
Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
Jorge Roig, M.D.
Hospital Nostra Senyora de Meritxell. Escaldes. ANDORRA
Shawn J. Skerrett, M.D.
University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Antoni Torres, M.D.
University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SPAIN
PERSPECTIVES ON CRITICAL CARE INFECTIOUS DISEASES
An Introduction to the Series
Different models of intensive care medicine have been developed worldwide,
involving surgeons, anesthetists, internists and critical care physicians. All
intensive care departments of hospitals have in common, the highest incidence
of antibiotic consumption, the highest incidence of nosocomial infections and
are grouping community-acquired infections with high degrees of severity.
Intensive care areas of hospitals have the largest number of infection
outbreaks and require differentiated strategies of prevention.
The specific characteristics of the involved population require differentiated
approaches in diagnosis and therapy from those required in classical
infectious problems. The specific pharmacodynamic conditions of patients
requiring mechanical ventilation or continuous renal replacement, require
participation of experts in pharmacology.
The specific objective of this Series is to update therapeutic implications and
discuss controversial topics in specific infectious problems involving
critically ill patients. Each topic will be discussed by two authors
representing the different management perspectives for these controversial
and evolving topics. The Guest Editors, one from North America and one
from Europe, have invited contributors to present the most recent findings and
the specific infectious disease problems and management techniques for
critically ill patients, from their perspective.
Jordi Rello, M.D.
Series Editor