Set in Stone: Creating and Commemorating a Hudson Valley Culture

316 Pages·2018·50.94 MB·English

by  Kenneth Shefsiek

S S
ET IN TONE

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Set in Stone

Creating and Commemorating
a Hudson Valley Culture
Kenneth Shefsiek
Cover image: Memorial House, New Paltz, New York, postcard, c. 1920.
Collection of the author.
Published by State University of New York Press, Albany
© 2017 State University of New York
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever
without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval
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without the prior permission in writing of the publisher.
For information, contact State University of New York Press, Albany, NY
www.sunypress.edu
Production, Jenn Bennett
Marketing, Fran Keneston
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Shefsiek, Kenneth, author.
Title: Set in stone : creating and commemorating a Hudson Valley culture /
Kenneth Shefsiek.
Description: Albany : State University of New York Press, 2017. | Includes
bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016031459 (print) | LCCN 2016053185 (ebook) | ISBN
9781438464350 (hardcover : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781438464374 (e-book)
Subjects: LCSH: New Paltz (N.Y.)--History.
Classification: LCC F129.N53 S47 2017 (print) | LCC F129.N53 (ebook)
| DDC 974.7/34--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016031459
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CONTENTS
List of Maps, Tables, and Illustrations vi
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction New Paltz: Into the Mix 1
Chapter 1 The Walloons’ English Town 17
Chapter 2 I Give De vise and Bequea th: Gend er,
Property, and Ethnocultural Creolization 37
Chapter 3 Halls, Windows, Hearths, and Barns:
Architecture and Ethnic Culture 65
Chapter 4 “ French, D utch, a nd Toler able English”:
Language Use in Early New Paltz 117
Chapter 5 Schism: Ecclesiastical Conflict in a
Creolized Community 141
Chapter 6 “T he precious germ of civil and
religion freedom” 169
Chapter 7 Set in St one 199
Notes 223
Bibliography 273
Index 295
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MAPS, TABLES, and ILLUSTRATIONS
Maps

1.1 The Spanish Netherlands, Herman Moll, c. 1707 18
Tables
1.1 Genealogical connections of the New Paltz patentees 23
1.2 Marriage patterns, 1750–1800 30
4.1 Language of wills, 1676–1800 119
4.2 Language of financial receipts (I) 130
4.3 Language of financial receipts (II) 132
5.1 Members of the Second (Conferentie) Church of New Paltz 158
Figures
3.1 Progressive development of the rookhuis 67
3.2 Three variations of a rookhuis with an insteek 67
3.3 Los hoes (Johannes Winckelman barn/house, 1642,
Achter Col Settlement, now the site of Bogota, Bergen
County, New Jersey) 68
3.4 Structural framing of a rural Dutch-American house 69
3.5 Structural framing of a Dutch-American barn
(Van Campen-Dewitt Barn, Wallpack Center Vicinity,
Sussex County, New Jersey, early nineteenth century) 69
3.6 The Parson Capen House, Topsfield, Massachusetts,
1683, exterior 71
3.7 The Parson Capen House, Topsfield, Massachusetts,
floor plan 72
3.8 Maria DuBois House, exterior, 1705 73
3.9 Maria DuBois House, interior 74
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3.10 Five-plate stove, 1758 (at Schifferstadt,
Frederick, Maryland) 75
3.11 Abraham LeFevre House, Gardiner, New York,
addition c. 1758 76
3.12 Stairs (wenteltrap) to the attic in the Samuel
Bevier House, c. 1731–1732 77
3.13 Daniel Hasbrouck House, 1721, c. 1728, c. 1734 77
3.14 Longitudinal section of Daniel Hasbrouck House 78
3.15 Samuel Bevier House (south façade), c. 1731–1732,
c. 1735, with mid-eighteenth century addition 78
3.16 Samuel Bevier House (north façade) 79
3.17 Longitudinal section of Samuel Bevier House 79
3.18 Stairs to opkamer in Daniel Hasbrouck House 80
3.19 Deyo House at Bontecoe (in c. 1903) 81
3.20 Jacob Hasbrouck House, 1721 82
3.21 Jacob Hasbrouck House floor plan 83
3.22 Matthew Ten Eyck House, Hurley, New York, 1750 84
3.23 Matthew Ten Eyck House, Hurley, New York, floor plan 84
3.24 MacPhaedris-Warner House, Portsmouth,
New Hampshire, 1718–1723 85
3.25 "Westover," Charles City, Virginia, c. 1730–1734 86
3.26 Cornelius Wynkoop House, Marbletown, New York, 1772 86
3.27 Abraham LeFevre House, Gardiner, New York,
1740–1742, c. 1758, c. 1794 87
3.28 Daniel Deyo House, c. 1763 (in c. 1903) 88
3.29 Freer-Louw House, 1762, 1763 89
3.30 Jacob Hasbrouck House reconstructed kruiskozijn window 90
3.31 Jacob Hasbrouck House reconstructed bolkozijn window 91
3.32 Daniel Hasbrouck House sash windows 92
3.33 Jambless fireplace, Jacob Hasbrouck House 92
3.34 Room in Jacob Hasbrouck House 94
3.35 Evert Terwilliger House, Gardiner, New York,
1738, with c. 1762 alterations 95
3.36 Evert Terwilliger House, Gardiner, New York 95
3.37 Evert Terwilliger House, floor plan of original condition 96
3.38 Evert Terwilliger House, floor plan after c. 1762
reconstruction 97
3.39 Evert Terwilliger House, stairs 98
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3.40 Evert Terwilliger House, parlor fireplace 98
3.41 Evert Terwilliger House, mantel, second-floor bedchamber 99
3.42 Frederick Deyo House, “Thornwood,”
late eighteenth century 100
3.43 Jacob Hasbrouck Jr. House, 1786 (with later gables) 100
3.44 Abraham LeFevre House, Gardiner, New York,
with c. 1825–1830 alterations 102
3.45 Cristoffel Deyo House, rear façade (original front façade),
mid-eighteenth century 103
3.46 Cristoffel Deyo House, front façade (original rear façade) 103
3.47 Maria DuBois House, 1705, with c. 1830s additions 104
3.48 Stephen Goetschius House, 1791 105
3.49 Lucas Van Wagenen House, 1800 105
3.50 John A. Hardenbergh House (sometimes known as
the “Col. Abraham J. Hardenbergh House”),
late eighteenth century 106
3.51 Ezekiel Eltinge House, 1799 107
3.52 “The Locusts,” 1826 108
3.53 Josiah Hasbrouck House, “Locust Lawn,” 1814 109
3.54 Gideon Granger Homestead, Canandaigua,
New York, 1816 110
3.55 Structural framing of Dutch-American barn
(Van Campen-Dewitt Barn, Wallpack Center Vicinity,
Sussex County, New Jersey) 112
6.1 Eighteenth-century chair, originally owned by Jacob
Hasbrouck Sr. (one of six) 170
6.2 Josiah Hasbrouck House, “Locust Lawn,” main hall 171
6.3 Bust of Diana, Joseph Mozier, c. 1850 171
6.4 Server, John Banks, c.1810 172
6.5 Blanche and Fitz James, needlework created by
Hylah Bevier at the Litchfield Female Academy, c. 1811 173
6.6 Deyo House, before 1894 174
6.7 Deyo House, after 1894 174
7.1 Visitors to the Jean Hasbrouck House, c. 1897–1899 217
7.2 Unveiling of Huguenot Monument, September 29, 1908 220
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
For a work of scholarship the origins of which are more than fifteen years
in the past, many people and institutions have assisted me along the way.
I first and foremost want to thank Jack Braunlein, Eric Roth, and Leslie
LeFevre-Stratton (my favorite “Huguenot”), whose work for the Huguenot
Historical Society both before and after I was employed there ultimately
made my research possible. Jack’s guidance and support, as well as his deep
commitment to scholarship in the support of Huguenot Street, brought
much-needed professionalism to the institution. He gave me the assistance I
needed as I began my research into the history of New Paltz. Without Eric’s
superb archival organization, I am not even sure that this study would have
been possible; and Leslie’s scholarly curiosity about her family’s heritage,
her humor, and her friendship added great joy to my life in New Paltz (even
though I know that my loud voice often got on her nerves). I cannot see a
pink paperclip nor an “omnibus” sky without thinking of her.
I would also like to extend my deep gratitude to my many professors at
the University of Georgia. I entered my graduate program there with little
academic training in history but with practical skills in interpreting the
past for the public; and the training and support they provided me changed
my life. In particular, I would like to thank Allan Kulikoff, Peter Charles
Hoffer, John Inscoe, Michael Kwass, Kathleen Clark, and Paul Sutter. They
sometimes intimidated me, they consistently challenged me, and they gave
me every opportunity to argue with them whenever I felt compelled (which,
given my temperament, was often). I will forever be deeply grateful for their
guidance and support. I would also like to thank the History Department at
the University of North Carolina, Wilmington, most especially Paul Townend,
for his efforts to provide me with the resources I needed to complete this
work, and Tammy Gordon, who welcomed me to the university with open
arms, making my transition to teaching far less stressful than it could have
been. I extend my thanks also to Ted Bartlett, Neil Larsen, and Douglas
Bucher, whose research on the Huguenot Street houses, Locust Lawn, and
the Evert Terwilliger House I have drawn upon extensively, even if I drew
my own conclusions based on their work. I would also like to thank Dennis
Maika, David Voorhees, and Firth Fabend for the support they expressed for
my work at the New Netherland Society’s Emerging Scholars Roundtable in
2014. I also extend my gratitude to the State University of New York Press,
particularly to Amanda Lanne-Camilli and Jenn Bennett. Amanda made a
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