Sesame The genus Sesamum Medicinal and Aromatic Plants — Industrial Profiles Individual volumes in this series provide both industry and academia with in-depth coverage of one major genus of industrial importance. Series Edited by Dr. Roland Hardman Volume 1 Volume 16 Valerian, edited by Peter J. Houghton Mistletoe, edited by Arndt Büssing Volume 2 Volume 17 Perilla, edited by He-ci Yu, Tea, edited by Yong-su Zhen Kenichi Kosuna and Megumi Haga Volume 18 Volume 3 Artemisia, edited by Colin W. Wright Poppy, edited by Jenö Bernáth Volume 19 Volume 4 Stevia, edited by A. Douglas Kinghorn Cannabis, edited by David T. Brown Volume 20 Volume 5 Vetiveria, edited by Massimo Maffei Neem, edited by H.S. Puri Volume 21 Volume 6 Narcissus and Daffodil, edited by Ergot, edited by Vladimír Krˇen and Gordon R. Hanks Ladislav Cvak Volume 22 Volume 7 Eucalyptus, edited by John J.W. Coppen Caraway, edited by Éva Németh Volume 23 Volume 8 Pueraria, edited by Wing Ming Keung Saffron, edited by Moshe Negbi Volume 24 Volume 9 Thyme, edited by E. Stahl-Biskup and Tea Tree, edited by Ian Southwell and F. Sáez Robert Lowe Volume 25 Volume 10 Oregano, edited by Spiridon E. Kintzios Basil, edited by Raimo Hiltunen and Volume 26 Yvonne Holm Citrus, edited by Giovanni Dugo and Volume 11 Angelo Di Giacomo Fenugreek, edited by Volume 27 Georgios Petropoulos Geranium and Pelargonium, edited by Volume 12 Maria Lis-Balchin Ginkgo biloba, edited by Volume 28 Teris A. Van Beek Magnolia, edited by Satyajit D. Sarker Volume 13 and Yuji Maruyama Black Pepper, edited by P.N. Ravindran Volume 29 Volume 14 Lavender, edited by Maria Lis-Balchin Sage, edited by Spiridon E. Kintzios Volume 30 Volume 15 Cardamom, edited by P.N. Ravindran Ginseng, edited by W.E. Court and K.J. Madhusoodanan Volume 31 Volume 44 Hypericum, edited by Edzard Ernst Mint, edited by Brian M. Lawrence Volume 32 Volume 45 Taxus, edited by H. Itokawa and Turmeric, edited by P. N. Ravindran, K.H. Lee K. Nirmal Babu, and K. Sivaraman Volume 33 Volume 46 Capsicum, edited by Amit Krish De Essential Oil-Bearing Grasses, Volume 34 edited by Anand Akhila Flax, edited by Alister Muir and Volume 47 Niel Westcott Vanilla, edited by Eric Odoux Volume 35 and Michel Grisoni Urtica, edited by Gulsel Kavalali Volume 48 Volume 36 Sesame, edited by Dorothea Bedigian Cinnamon and Cassia, edited by P.N. Ravindran, K. Nirmal Babu and M. Shylaja Volume 37 Kava, edited by Yadhu N. Singh Volume 38 Aloes, edited by Tom Reynolds Volume 39 Echinacea, edited by Sandra Carol Miller Assistant Editor: He-ci Yu Volume 40 Illicium, Pimpinella and Foeniculum, edited by Manuel Miró Jodral Volume 41 Ginger, edited by P.N. Ravindran and K. Nirmal Babu Volume 42 Chamomile: Industrial Profiles, edited by Rolf Franke and Heinz Schilcher Volume 43 Pomegranates: Ancient Roots to Modern Medicine, edited by Navindra P. Seeram, Risa N. Schulman and David Heber Sesame The genus Sesamum Dorothea Bedigian Edited by Medicinal and Aromatic Plants — Industrial Profiles CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2010 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20140514 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4200-0520-2 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid- ity of all materials or the consequences of their use. 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Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Contents Foreword ...........................................................................................................................................xi Preface to the Series .......................................................................................................................xiii Preface..............................................................................................................................................xv Acknowledgments ..........................................................................................................................xvii The Editor .......................................................................................................................................xix Contributors ....................................................................................................................................xxi Chapter 1 Introduction: History of the Cultivation and Use of Sesame .......................................1 Dorothea Bedigian Chapter 2 Cultivated Sesame and Wild Relatives in the Genus Sesamum L. ............................33 Dorothea Bedigian Chapter 3 Chemical Studies on the Lignans and Other Minor Constituents of Sesame Seed Oil ......................................................................................................................79 Afaf Kamal-Eldin Chapter 4 Sesame Seed Coat: A Rich Source of Potential Mammalian Lignan Precursors ......93 Raphael Grougnet, Prokopios Magiatis, Sofia Mitakou, and Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis Chapter 5 Antioxidant and Anti-Carcinogenic Potentials of Sesame Lignans .........................111 Duncan H.F. Mak, Po Yee Chiu, and Kam Ming Ko Chapter 6 Sesame Seed and Its Lignans: Metabolism and Bioactivities ..................................123 Sandra M. Sacco and Lilian U. Thompson Chapter 7 Physiological Effects of Sesame: Bioactive and Antioxidant Compounds ..............139 Fereidoon Shahidi and Zhuliang Tan Chapter 8 Sesame Seed Food Allergy ......................................................................................155 Suzanne S. Teuber Chapter 9 Flavor Constituents of Sesame .................................................................................169 Fereidoon Shahidi, Tara Hughes, and Zhuliang Tan vii viii Contents Chapter 10 Seed Oil Bodies of Sesame and Their Surface Proteins: Oleosin, Caleosin, and Steroleosin .........................................................................................................187 Jason T.C. Tzen Chapter 11 Use of Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy for Nondestructive Analyses of Sesame .................................................................................................................201 Tetsuo Sato, Aye Aye Maw, and Masumi Katsuta Chapter 12 Sesame’s Protective Role in Crop Nematode Control ..............................................211 Gamal Abdalla Elbadri and Abdelmageed Mohammad Yassin Chapter 13 Molecular Biotechnology of Sesame........................................................................219 Mi Chung Suh, Nam-In Hyung, and Chung-Han Chung Chapter 14 Responses of Sesame to Plant Growth Regulators, Micronutrients, and Salinity ..............................................................................................................245 M. Prakash Chapter 15 Seed Genetics in Relation to Yield in Sesame .........................................................255 S. Thirugnana Kumar Chapter 16 Sesame Diseases and Their Management ................................................................267 P. Narayanasamy Chapter 17 Sesame Cultivation and Use in China ......................................................................283 Zhao Yingzhong Chapter 18 Sesame Cultivation and Use in Ethiopia ..................................................................297 Adefris Teklewold, Tadele Amde, and Tesfaye M. Baye Chapter 19 Sesame Cultivation and Use in Iran .........................................................................321 S.M. Mahdi Mortazavian and J.A. Kohpayegani Chapter 20 Sesame Cultivation and Use in Somalia ..................................................................329 Ahmed Yakub Sidow Chapter 21 Sesame Cultivation and Use in Thailand .................................................................339 Wasana Wongyai Contents ix Chapter 22 Sesame Cultivation and Use in Turkey ....................................................................349 Bülent Uzun Chapter 23 History of Sesame Cultivation and Irrigation in the Armenian Highlands from the Kingdom of Urartu (Ararat) through Subsequent Periods: Major Agricultural Innovation ............................................................................................367 Dorothea Bedigian Chapter 24 Introduction and Early Use of Sesame in America: Medicine, Cookery, and Folkways ............................................................................................................389 Dorothea Bedigian Chapter 25 Current Market Trends: Critical Issues and Economic Importance of Sesame .......423 Dorothea Bedigian Chapter 26 Current Regulatory Status of Sesame and Its Commercial Products ......................491 Dorothea Bedigian Index ..............................................................................................................................................507