Service Life and Durability of Reinforced Concrete Structures: Selected Papers of the 8th International RILEM PhD Workshop held in Marne-la-Vallée, France, September 26-27, 2016

184 Pages·2019·9.105 MB·English

by  Carmen Andrade, Joost Gulikers, Elisabeth Marie-Victoire

RILEM Bookseries
Carmen Andrade · Joost Gulikers 
Elisabeth Marie-Victoire   Editors
Service Life and
Durability of
Reinforced Concrete
Structures
Selected Papers of the 8th International
RILEM PhD Workshop held in Marne-la-
Vallée, France, September 26–27, 2016
Service Life and Durability of Reinforced
Concrete Structures
RILEM BOOKSERIES
Volume 17
RILEM, The International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction
Materials,SystemsandStructures,foundedin1947,isanon-governmentalscientific
association whose goal is to contribute to progress in the construction sciences,
techniques and industries, essentially by means of the communication it fosters
betweenresearchandpractice.RILEM’sfocusisonconstructionmaterialsandtheir
useinbuildingandcivilengineeringstructures,coveringallphasesofthebuilding
process from manufacture to use and recycling of materials. More information on
RILEM andits previous publicationscan be found onwww.RILEM.net.
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8781
Carmen Andrade Joost Gulikers
(cid:129)
Elisabeth Marie-Victoire
Editors
Service Life and Durability
of Reinforced Concrete
Structures
Selected Papers of the 8th
International RILEM PhD Workshop held
é
in Marne-la-Vall e, France,
–
September 26 27, 2016
123
Editors
Carmen Andrade Elisabeth Marie-Victoire
CIMNE: International Center forNumerical Laboratoire deRecherche
Methodsin Engineering desMonuments Historiques
Universitat PolitècnicadeCatalunya (UPC) Champs-sur-Marne, France
Barcelona,Spain
Joost Gulikers
Ministry of Infrastructure andWater
Management,Rijkswaterstaat-GPO
Utrecht, The Netherlands
ISSN 2211-0844 ISSN 2211-0852 (electronic)
RILEMBookseries
ISBN978-3-319-90235-7 ISBN978-3-319-90236-4 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90236-4
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018938785
©RILEM2019
Nopartofthisworkmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyany
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ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbytheregisteredcompanySpringerNatureSwitzerlandAG
Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland
Preface
The book contains selected papers of the works presented at the 8th International
PhD Student Workshop on Service Life and Durability of Reinforced Concrete
Structures,heldatMarne-la-Vallée,France,onSeptember26and27,2016,which
washostedbytheLRMH(LaboratoiredeRecherchedesMonumentsHistoriques).
The RILEM PhD workshops on service life have a history which dates back to
2003 when Jan-Magnus Østvik, student of the Department of Civil Engineering
supervised by Ø. Vennesland from the Technical University of Trondheim,
Norway, was staying at the Institute of Construction Sciences of Spain with
Dr.CarmenAndrade.J.Østviktooktheinitiativetoorganizeaseriesofworkshops
relatedtoreinforcementcorrosionandservicelife,thefirstbeingatMadridin2003
andatLofoten,Norway,in2005.Amajorboostfortheworkshopswasintroduced
throughtheactivitiesofRILEMTC-213MAI“Modelassistedintegralservicelife
predictionofsteelreinforcedconcretestructureswithrespecttocorrosioninduced
damage,”withthemainfocusofthisTConanalyzingservicelifemodelsrelatedto
reinforcement corrosion. To date, successful workshops have been organized in
Madrid-2007, Zagreb-2008, Guimarães-2009, Madrid-2010, Espoo-2012,
Delft-2013, and Madrid-2014. All meetings have been under the auspices of
RILEM EAC (Educational Activities Committee), with the aim to bring together
young researchers in the field of durability of concrete. The workshops are always
intendedexclusivelyforPhDstudentswhoworkatthefrontierofknowledgeinthe
field of durability of reinforced concrete.
Reinforced concrete structures may prove to be very durable; however, their
gradual degradation overtime impairingboth serviceabilityandstructuralsafetyis
still a matter of great practical concern in view of the economic consequences for
assessment,maintenance,andrepair.Corrosionofsteelreinforcementisconsidered
to be the most detrimental process responsible for structural deterioration. Many
studies are in progress to develop a comprehensive engineering approach for
assessment of the initiation and the propagation period in both uncracked and
cracked concrete; however, essential aspectsstill remaincontroversial. In addition,
the interaction between different degradation mechanisms such as ASR, acid or
sulfate, and frost attack requires further understanding.
v
vi Preface
The present book collects the advanced lines of research developed in several
universities to contribute to the basic understanding of the complex corrosion and
degradation processes. It is grouped into the following subjects: (a) concrete
properties and initiation period processes, (b) techniques of characterization of
corrosion and degradation, (c) behavior of corroded structures, and (d) corrosion
preventionandrepairtechniques.Theyrepresentexamplesofareasofresearchstill
needing development.
Barcelona, Spain Carmen Andrade
Utrecht, The Netherlands Joost Gulikers
Champs-sur-Marne, France Elisabeth Marie-Victoire
Contents
Part I Concrete Properties and Initiation Period Processes
Effect of LDH Nano-Flakes on the Mechanical and Transport
Properties of Lightweight Concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Z. Y. Qu, Q. L. Yu and H. J. H. Brouwers
Using Thymolphthalein for Accelerated Carbonation Testing of High
Volume Fly Ash Cementitious Blends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Rui Reis, Aires Camões and Manuel Ribeiro
Durability and Mechanical Properties of CNT Cement
Composites. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Carmen Camacho-Ballesta, Óscar Galao, Francisco Javier Baeza,
Emilio Zornoza and Pedro Garcés
Advances in Coal Bottom Ash Use as a New Common Portland
Cement Constituent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Cristina Argiz, Esperanza Menéndez and Amparo Moragues
Part II Techniques of Characterization of Corrosion and
Degradation
Numerical Simulations for the Detection of Leakages in Bridge
Deck Membranes Through Resistivity Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Carla Driessen and Michael Raupach
Numerical and Experimental Development of Gradient
Potential Measurement for Corrosion Detection
in Reinforced Concrete. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
S. Garcia and F. Deby
vii
viii Contents
Advances in Characterization of Gas Transport in Concrete:
Determination of Oxygen Diffusion Coefficient from Permeability
Coefficient and Porosity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
P. Linares, C. Andrade and D. Baza
Petrographic Study of Siliceous Aggregates. Parametric Calculus
of the Reactivity with the Alkalis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
R. García-Rovés Loza, E. Menéndez Méndez and N. Prendes Rubiera
Chloride-Induced Depassivation of Steel in Concrete—Influence
of Electrochemical Potential and Anodic Polarization Level. . . . . . . . . . 107
Marc Kosalla and Michael Raupach
Part III Behaviour of Corroded Structures
Corrosion-Induced Degradation of Reinforced Concrete Elements:
Preliminary Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
O. Loukil, L. Adelaide, V. Bouteiller, M. Quiertant, T. Chaussadent,
F. Ragueneau, X. Bourbon and L. Trenty
Part IV Corrosion Prevention and Repair Techniques
Development of a Test Method for the Durability of Carbon Textiles
Under Anodic Polarisation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Amir Asgharzadeh and Michael Raupach
Corrosion Processes of Carbonated Chloride-Contaminated
Reinforced Concrete and Electrochemical Chloride Extraction
(ECE) Efficiency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Yolaine Tissier, Véronique Bouteiller, Elisabeth Marie-Victoire,
Suzanne Joiret and Thierry Chaussadent
RILEM Publications
The following list is presenting the global offer of RILEM Publications, sorted by
series. Each publication is available in printed version and/or in online version.
RILEM PROCEEDINGS (PRO)
PRO1:DurabilityofHighPerformanceConcrete(ISBN:2-912143-03-9;e-ISBN:
2-351580-12-5; e-ISBN: 2351580125); Ed. H. Sommer
PRO 2: Chloride Penetration into Concrete (ISBN: 2-912143-00-04; e-ISBN:
2912143454); Eds. L.-O. Nilsson and J.-P. Ollivier
PRO 3: Evaluation and Strengthening of Existing Masonry Structures (ISBN:
2-912143-02-0; e-ISBN: 2351580141); Eds. L. Binda and C. Modena
PRO 4: Concrete: From Material to Structure (ISBN: 2-912143-04-7; e-ISBN:
2351580206); Eds. J.-P. Bournazel and Y. Malier
PRO 5: The Role of Admixtures in High Performance Concrete (ISBN:
2-912143-05-5;e-ISBN:2351580214);Eds.J.G.CabreraandR.Rivera-Villarreal
PRO 6: High Performance Fiber Reinforced Cement Composites—HPFRCC 3
(ISBN: 2-912143-06-3; e-ISBN: 2351580222); Eds. H. W. Reinhardt and
A. E. Naaman
PRO7:1stInternationalRILEMSymposiumonSelf-CompactingConcrete(ISBN:
2-912143-09-8;e-ISBN: 2912143721); Eds. Å.Skarendahl and Ö. Petersson
PRO 8: International RILEM Symposium on Timber Engineering (ISBN:
2-912143-10-1; e-ISBN: 2351580230); Ed. L. Boström
PRO9:2ndInternationalRILEMSymposiumonAdhesionbetweenPolymersand
Concrete ISAP’99 (ISBN: 2-912143-11-X; e-ISBN: 2351580249); Eds. Y. Ohama
and M. Puterman
ix