Servants of Allah PDF
Preview Servants of Allah
Servants of Allah Diouf_i-x_1-342.indd i 4/4/13 3:05 PM Diouf_i-x_1-342.indd ii 4/4/13 3:05 PM Servants of Allah African Muslims Enslaved in the Americas 15th Anniversary Edition Sylviane A. Diouf a NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS New York and London Diouf_i-x_1-342.indd iii 4/4/13 3:05 PM NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS New York and London © 1998, 2013 by Sylviane Diouf All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Diouf, Sylviane A. (Sylviane Anna) Servants of Allah : African Muslims enslaved in the Americas / Sylviane A. Diouf. — 15th anniversary edition pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4798-4711-2 (pb : alk. paper) 1. Slaves — Religious life — United States — History. 2. Slaves — Religious life — A merica — History. 3. Muslims, Black — United States — History. 4. Muslims, Black — American — History. 5. African Americans — History — To 1863. I. Title. E443.D56 2013 973'.0496073 — dc23 2013005255 New York University Press books are printed on acid-free paper, and their binding materials are chosen for strength and durability. Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Diouf_i-x_1-342.indd iv 4/4/13 3:05 PM To Sény and to the memory of Adani Diouf_i-x_1-342.indd v 4/4/13 3:05 PM This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction to the 15th Anniversary Edition 1 1 African Muslims, Christian Europeans, and the Transatlantic Slave Trade 20 2 Upholding the Five Pillars of Islam in a Hostile World 71 3 Th e Muslim Community 99 4 Literacy: A Distinction and a Danger 159 5 Resistance, Revolts, and Returns to Africa 210 6 Th e Muslim Legacy 251 Notes 285 Select Bibliography 315 Index 327 About the Author 341 Illustrations appear as a group following page 142. >> vii Diouf_i-x_1-342.indd vii 4/4/13 3:05 PM This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgments Researching and writing Servants of Allah was a singularly solitary endeavor. But once I emerged from the libraries, I immediately received the enthusiastic support of Niko Pfund, then director of NYU Press, and Jennifer Hammer, my attentive and brilliant editor. I am deeply thank- ful to both of them for the fi rst edition and to NYU Press director Steve Maikowski and to Jennifer again, for making this second one possible. Over the years, through this book, I was lucky to meet and befriend a number of people. Among them are Abdel Kader Haidara, founder of the Mamma Haidara Memorial Library in Timbuktu, owner and guardian of his family’s fi ve thousand manuscripts and documents dat- ing from the 1500s. His expertise, convivial personality, and vision are true treasures. In 1996, I had gone to the auction where Omar ibn Said’s autobiography and Sana See’s manuscript were to be off ered to the high- est bidder. I was well aware I could not be even the lowest one, but I was eager to know who would get these documents. To my relief, they were auctioned off to collector Joshua Beard, who has been a diligent and generous custodian, making the manuscripts widely available to schol- ars and exhibitions. My scholarly and friendly appreciation goes to Paul E. Lovejoy at York University and Elisée Soumonni at the University of Cotonou for great discussions and camaraderie. João José Reis at the Federal Univer- sity of Bahia has been a gracious colleague always ready to share docu- ments and insights about Muslims in Brazil. I have enjoyed fascinating conversations, long walks, and great collaboration with Omar H. Ali at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. I am indebted to Grace Turner, at William and Mary, who took Abul Keli of the Bahamas out of obscurity and brought the man and his letters to my attention many >> ix Diouf_i-x_1-342.indd ix 4/4/13 3:05 PM
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