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Sentencing Advocacy and the Bureau of Prisons: Ten Practice Pointers PDF

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Sentencing Advocacy and the Bureau of Prisons: Ten Practice Pointers Stephen R. Sady Chief Deputy Federal Public Defender, District of Oregon New Orleans, Louisiana September 17, 2015 List of Documents: 1. Ten practice pointers on BOP sentencing advocacy Powerpoint ....................................... 1 2. Federal Sentencing Reporter article on concurrent and consecutive sentencing .............. 13 3. Memorandum on habeas corpus litigation and BOP advocacy ........................................ 20 4. Federal Defender response to GAO report on BOP implementation of ameliorative statutes............................................................................................................................... 29 Sentencing Advocacy And The Bureau Of Prisons: Ten Practice Pointers Presented by Stephen Sady Chief Deputy Federal Public Defender, District of Oregon 1 of 70 1. Second Chance Act Expansion Of  Community Corrections • 18 U.S.C. §3624(c) expanded available pre‐release community corrections from 6 to 12  months, with up to 6 months or 10% of the sentence in home detention, whichever is  less. • For RDAP participants who are not eligible for the sentence reduction under 18 U.S.C. §3621(e), part of the incentive is “consideration for the maximum period of community  corrections” (28 C.F.R. §550.54(a)(1)(ii)(2013)). • Get rid of detainers for community corrections and participation in RDAP. 2 of 70 2. Residential Drug Abuse Program – Sentencing • Up to one year sentence reduction is available for non‐violent offenders under 18 U.S.C.  §3621(e). • Document  substance abuse and seek a judicial recommendation (if you’re sure client  wants RDAP). • Clean up guns and priors if possible in the presentence report. • Object to lengthening sentences to accommodate under RDAP under Tapia v. United  States, 131 S. Ct. 2382 (2011). 3 of 70 3. Detainer Litigation For Participation In  RDAP • 1995:  Participation and sentence reduction available for all “eligible prisoners” • 1996:  No sentence reduction available if not eligible for community corrections • 2009:  No participation available if not eligible for community corrections • Potential litigation –Under §3621(e)(1)(C) (the BOP shall provide participationin  residential substance abuse treatment “for all eligible prisoners”) 4 of 70 4. Federal Boot Camp Analogue – Sentencing • Congress and the Commission okayed the program for non‐violent offenders: 30 month  sentence could be served by six months boot camp, six month sentence reduction, the  rest of time in community corrections. • The BOP abolished the program in 2004. • For non‐violent clients at 30 months, try to structure six months in custody plus six  months in a halfway house, the rest on supervised release with community service. • Congress and the Commission have already found that the boot camp structure is  sufficient but not greater than necessary punishment for qualifying defendants. 5 of 70 5. Good Time Credits On Concurrent  Time – Sentencing  • Because BOP gives no credit for pretrial time credited to another sentence under 18 U.S.C. §3585 (b), concurrency can be achieved by an adjustment under U.S.S.G. §5G1.3(b) or  departure under §5G1.3(c) or §5K2.23. • The BOP provides no good time credit against the adjusted time, as held in Schleiningv.  Thomas, 642 F.3d 1242 (9th Cir. 2011). • But in litigation, BOP conceded variance for good time credits is appropriate. 6 of 70 “A defendant whose federal sentencing has been long delayed may seek a  variance based on the lost opportunity for good conduct time credit, which  the sentencing court has the discretion to grant.” Brief of Respondent, Schleiningv. Thomas, 642 F.3d 1242 (9th Cir. 2011) (No. 10‐35792), 2011 WL 991513, *30. “A defendant may request a variance based on good behavior while serving a  state sentence for related criminal conduct, a mechanism consistent with the  statutory goal of making good conduct time retrospective rather than  prospective.”  Brief of Respondent, Lopez v. Terrell, 654 F.3d 176 (2d Cir. 2011) (No.10‐2079), 2011 WL 680803, *8 . 7 of 70 6. Concurrent And Consecutive  Sentencing And Criminal Bankruptcy • State and federal concurrent and consecutive sentencing is the most often botched area  of sentencing. • We need to understand primary custody, coordinate with state defense counsel, and use  analogy to commercial liens. • After Setser, make conscious choices regarding the federal judge ruling on yet‐to‐be‐ imposed sentences. 8 of 70

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Because the con- current/consecutive decision is a core judicial function, the .. Mccurry, 449 U.S. 90, 95-96 (1980) (in the con- . Steve Sady. Date:.
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