Table Of Content

SENSING ISSUES IN CIVILSTRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING Sensing Issues in Civil Structural Health Monitoring Edited by FARHAD ANSARI University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, U.S.A. AC.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 1-4020-3660-4 (HB) ISBN 1-4020-3661-2 (e-book) ISBN 978-1-4020-3660-6 (HB) ISBN 978-1-4020-3661-3 (e-book) Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AADordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springeronline.com Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved © 2005 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed in the Netherlands. TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword xi Preface xv CHAPTERI:GLOBALPERSPECTIVESONSTRUCTURAL HEALTHMONITORINGOFCIVILSTRUCTURES ARE CIVIL STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS “RISK AAAVERSE”? CAN CIVIONICS HELP? A.A.Mufti,B.Bakht,G.Tadros,A.T.Horosko,andG.Sparks 3 MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES FOR MAINTENANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF URBAN HIGHWAYS IN JAPAN Y.Adachi 13 THE ROLE OF SENSING AND MEASUREMENT IN ACHIEVING FHWA’S STRATEGIC VISION FOR HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE S.B.Chase 23 RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF BRIDGE HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM IN KOREA H.M.Koh,S.Kim,andJ.F.Choo 33 A STRATEGY TO IMPLEMENT STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING ON BRIDGES C.Sikorsky 43 SENSORS – NOT JUST FOR RESEARCH ANYMORE N.P.Vitillo 55 v vi TableofContents INVESTIGATION OF THE DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF THE BROOKLYN BRIDGE Q.Ye,G.Fanjiang,andB.Yanev 65 CHAPTERII:MONITORINGISSUESINANCIENTAND MODERNSTRUCTURES DISTRIBUTED SENSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR MONITORING FRP- STRENGTHENED STRUCTURES Z.S.WuandC.Q.Yang 75 PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES IN MONITORING OF ANCIENT MASONRY STRUCTURES A.DeStefanoandR.Ceravolo 85 MONITORING AND RESPONSE OF CFRP PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE N.F.Grace 95 DESIGN OF TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT ARRAYS TO ASSESS DYNAMIC PPPARAMETERS IN HISTORICAL AND MONUMENTAL BUILDINGS P.ClementeandD.Rinaldis 107 FRP-STRENGTHENED STRUCTURES: MONITORING ISSUES FROM QUÉBEC APPLICATIONS P.Labossière, P.Rochette,K.W.Neale,andM.Demers 117 STRUCTURAL AND MATERIAL MONITORING OF HISTORICAL OBJECTS M.Drdácký 127 CHAPTERIII:SENSINGOFSTRUCTURALPARAMETERS ANDEXTREMEEVENTS INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SENSING FOR POST-EARTHQUAKE EVALUATION OF BRIDGES M.SaiidSaiidi,R.Nelson,andP.Laplace 135 APPLICATION OF EM STRESS SENSORS IN LARGE STEEL CABLES M.L.Wang,G.Wang,andY.Zhao 145 TableofContents vii ENHANCING DURABILITY OF STRUCTURES BY MONITORING STRAIN AND CRACKING BEHAVIOR B.Hillemeier,H.Scheel,andW.Habel 155 DEVELOPMENT OF AN EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE DETECTION SYSTEM FOR BRIDGE STRUCTURES H.KobayashiandS.Unjoh 165 DETERMINATION OF REBAR FORCES BASED ON THE EXTERIOR CRACK OPENING DISPLACEMENT MEASUREMENT OF REINFORCED CONCRETE T.MatsumotoandM.N.Islam 175 MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON OPTICAL FIBER SENSING TECHNOLOGY FOR TUNNEL STRUCTURES AND OTHER INFRASTRUCTURE K.Fujihashi, K.Kurihara,K.Hirayama,andS.Toyoda 185 DEVELOPMENT OF FBG SENSORS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING IN CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURES Z.ZhouandJ.Ou 197 CHAPTERIV:SMARTSENSORS,IMAGINGANDNDTOF CIVILSTRUCTURES MONITORING OF A SMART CONCRETE BEAM Q.B.Li,L.Li,andF.Zhang 209 FIBER OPTIC NERVE SYSTEMS WITH OPTICAL CORRELATION DOMAIN TECHNIQUE FOR SMART STRUCTURES AND SMART MATERIALS K.Hotate 219 USE OF ACTIVE SENSORS FOR HEALTH MONITORING OF TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE S.Nazarian 229 HEALTH MONITORING OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES USING SELF-DIAGNOSIS MATERIALS H.Inada,Y.Okuhara, andH.Kumagai 239 viii TableofContents APPLICATION OF IMAGE ANALYSIS TO STEEL STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING K.TateishiandT.Hanji 249 SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY BASED SMART CIVIL STRUCTURES WITH SELF-SENSING AND REPAIRING CAPABILITIES H.Li,C.Mao,Z.Liu,andJ.Ou 259 SMART SENSORS AND INTEGRATED SHM SYSTEM FOR OFFSHORE STRUCTURES Z.Duan,J.Ou,Z.Zhou,andX.Zhao 269 CHAPTERV:SENSORSYSTEMDESIGN,DATAQUALITY, PROCESSING,ANDINTERPRETATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR SENSING SYSTEMS TO ENSURE DATA QUALITY R.ZhangandE.Aktan 281 PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATIONS OF INTELLIGENT MONITORING SYSTEMS IN HIT J.Ou 291 HEALTH MONITORING, DAMAGE PROGNOSIS AND SERVICE-LIFE PREDICTION – ISSUES RELATED TO IMPLEMENTATION V.M.Karbhari 301 ADAPTIVE EVENT DETECTION FOR SHM SYSTEM MONITORING D.K.McNeillandL.Card 311 A NOTE ON INTERPRETATION OF SHM DATA FOR BRIDGES B.Bakht 321 CHAPTERVI:SENSORANDINSTRUMENTATION PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY INSTRUMENTATION PERFORMANCE DURING LONG-TERM BRIDGE MONITORING I.N.Robertson, G.P.Johnson, andS.Wang 331 TableofContents ix STABILITY AND RELIABILITY OF FIBER-OPTIC MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS – BASIC CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESSFUL LONG-TERM STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING W.R.Habel 341 INSTRUMENTATION OF THE INDOOR CABLE STAYED BRIDGE AT EMPA M.Motavalli, G.Feltrin,D.Gsell,andJ.Meyer 353 STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEMS FOR BRIDGE DECKS AND REHABILITATED PRECAST PRESTRESS CONCRETE BEAMS M.A.Issa,H.I.Shabila,andM.Alhassan 363 CFRP STRENGTHENING AND MONITORING OF A BOX GIRDER BRIDGE B.Täljsten 373 SENSORS AND CONDITION EVALUATION FOR BRIDGE HEALTH MONITORING USING OPERATING VEHICLE LOADING K.YokoyamaandA.K.M.Rafiquzzaman 383 MEASURING INSTRUMENTS FOR OPTICAL FIBER SENSING M.Horikawa,M.Komiyama,K.Hirata,andH.Uchiyama 393 IMPLEMENTATION OF LONG GAUGE FIBER OPTIC SENSOR ARRAYS IN CIVIL STRUCTURES Y.Liang,A.Tennant,H.Jia,X.Xiong,andF.Ansari 403 CHAPTERVII:FIBEROPTICSENSORSPRINCIPLES ABSOLUTE DEFORMATION MEASUREMENT USING FIBER-OPTIC WHITE LIGHT INTERFEROMETER WITH TWO BROAD-BAND SOURCES C.Sun,L.Yu,Q.Wang,andQ.Yu 415 INTERACTION MODEL BETWEEN FIBER OPTIC ULTRASONIC SENSOR AND MATRIX MATERIALS L.Yuan,G.Zhang,andQ.B.Li 423 BIREFRINGENCE AND TRANSVERSE STRAIN SENSITIVITY IN BRAGG GRATING SENSORS M.Prabhugoud andK.Peters 433 x TableofContents A NEW FIBER OPTIC ACOUSTIC/VIBRATION SENSOR – CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATION TO CIVIL STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING K.Kageyama,H.Murayama,andK.Uzawa 443 EMBEDDED CRACK TIP OPENING DISPLACEMENT SENSOR FOR CONCRETE Z.ZhangandF.Ansari 453 LOOP TOPOLOGY BASED WHITE LIGHT INTERFEROMETRIC FIBER OPTIC SENSORS NETWORK L.YuanandJ.Yang 463 CHAPTERVIII:LONGTERMHEALTHMONITORINGOF CIVILSTRUCTURES MONITORING RESULTS OF A SELF ANCHORED SUSPENSION BRIDGE S.Kim,C.Y.Kim,andJ.W.Lee 475 LONG TERM MONITORING OF A HYBRID CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE G.Zhang 485 STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM APPLICATIONS IN JAPAN S.SumitroandM.L.Wang 495 LONG-TERM MONITORING OPERATION OF THE TEST-ROAD IN KOREA HIGHWAY CORPORATION (KHC) J.H.Jang,J.H.Jeong, S.M.Kwon,andH.G.Park 505 PIPELINE BUCKLING DETECTION BY THE DISTRIBUTED BRILLOUIN SENSOR F.Ravet,L.Zou,X.Bao,L.Chen,R.F.Huang,andH.A.Koo 515 SubjectIndex 525

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SENSING ISSUES IN CIVILSTRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING Sensing Issues in Civil Structural Health Monitoring Edited by FARHAD ANSARI University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, U.S.A. AC.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 1-4020-3660-4 (HB) ISBN 1-4020-3661-2 (e-book) ISBN 978-1-4020-3660-6 (HB) ISBN 978-1-4020-3661-3 (e-book) Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AADordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springeronline.com Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved © 2005 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed in the Netherlands. TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword xi Preface xv CHAPTERI:GLOBALPERSPECTIVESONSTRUCTURAL HEALTHMONITORINGOFCIVILSTRUCTURES ARE CIVIL STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS “RISK AAAVERSE”? CAN CIVIONICS HELP? A.A.Mufti,B.Bakht,G.Tadros,A.T.Horosko,andG.Sparks 3 MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES FOR MAINTENANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF URBAN HIGHWAYS IN JAPAN Y.Adachi 13 THE ROLE OF SENSING AND MEASUREMENT IN ACHIEVING FHWA’S STRATEGIC VISION FOR HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE S.B.Chase 23 RECENT DEVELOPMENT OF BRIDGE HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM IN KOREA H.M.Koh,S.Kim,andJ.F.Choo 33 A STRATEGY TO IMPLEMENT STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING ON BRIDGES C.Sikorsky 43 SENSORS – NOT JUST FOR RESEARCH ANYMORE N.P.Vitillo 55 v vi TableofContents INVESTIGATION OF THE DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF THE BROOKLYN BRIDGE Q.Ye,G.Fanjiang,andB.Yanev 65 CHAPTERII:MONITORINGISSUESINANCIENTAND MODERNSTRUCTURES DISTRIBUTED SENSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR MONITORING FRP- STRENGTHENED STRUCTURES Z.S.WuandC.Q.Yang 75 PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES IN MONITORING OF ANCIENT MASONRY STRUCTURES A.DeStefanoandR.Ceravolo 85 MONITORING AND RESPONSE OF CFRP PRESTRESSED CONCRETE BRIDGE N.F.Grace 95 DESIGN OF TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT ARRAYS TO ASSESS DYNAMIC PPPARAMETERS IN HISTORICAL AND MONUMENTAL BUILDINGS P.ClementeandD.Rinaldis 107 FRP-STRENGTHENED STRUCTURES: MONITORING ISSUES FROM QUÉBEC APPLICATIONS P.Labossière, P.Rochette,K.W.Neale,andM.Demers 117 STRUCTURAL AND MATERIAL MONITORING OF HISTORICAL OBJECTS M.Drdácký 127 CHAPTERIII:SENSINGOFSTRUCTURALPARAMETERS ANDEXTREMEEVENTS INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL SENSING FOR POST-EARTHQUAKE EVALUATION OF BRIDGES M.SaiidSaiidi,R.Nelson,andP.Laplace 135 APPLICATION OF EM STRESS SENSORS IN LARGE STEEL CABLES M.L.Wang,G.Wang,andY.Zhao 145 TableofContents vii ENHANCING DURABILITY OF STRUCTURES BY MONITORING STRAIN AND CRACKING BEHAVIOR B.Hillemeier,H.Scheel,andW.Habel 155 DEVELOPMENT OF AN EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE DETECTION SYSTEM FOR BRIDGE STRUCTURES H.KobayashiandS.Unjoh 165 DETERMINATION OF REBAR FORCES BASED ON THE EXTERIOR CRACK OPENING DISPLACEMENT MEASUREMENT OF REINFORCED CONCRETE T.MatsumotoandM.N.Islam 175 MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON OPTICAL FIBER SENSING TECHNOLOGY FOR TUNNEL STRUCTURES AND OTHER INFRASTRUCTURE K.Fujihashi, K.Kurihara,K.Hirayama,andS.Toyoda 185 DEVELOPMENT OF FBG SENSORS FOR STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING IN CIVIL INFRASTRUCTURES Z.ZhouandJ.Ou 197 CHAPTERIV:SMARTSENSORS,IMAGINGANDNDTOF CIVILSTRUCTURES MONITORING OF A SMART CONCRETE BEAM Q.B.Li,L.Li,andF.Zhang 209 FIBER OPTIC NERVE SYSTEMS WITH OPTICAL CORRELATION DOMAIN TECHNIQUE FOR SMART STRUCTURES AND SMART MATERIALS K.Hotate 219 USE OF ACTIVE SENSORS FOR HEALTH MONITORING OF TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE S.Nazarian 229 HEALTH MONITORING OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES USING SELF-DIAGNOSIS MATERIALS H.Inada,Y.Okuhara, andH.Kumagai 239 viii TableofContents APPLICATION OF IMAGE ANALYSIS TO STEEL STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING K.TateishiandT.Hanji 249 SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY BASED SMART CIVIL STRUCTURES WITH SELF-SENSING AND REPAIRING CAPABILITIES H.Li,C.Mao,Z.Liu,andJ.Ou 259 SMART SENSORS AND INTEGRATED SHM SYSTEM FOR OFFSHORE STRUCTURES Z.Duan,J.Ou,Z.Zhou,andX.Zhao 269 CHAPTERV:SENSORSYSTEMDESIGN,DATAQUALITY, PROCESSING,ANDINTERPRETATION DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR SENSING SYSTEMS TO ENSURE DATA QUALITY R.ZhangandE.Aktan 281 PRACTICAL IMPLEMENTATIONS OF INTELLIGENT MONITORING SYSTEMS IN HIT J.Ou 291 HEALTH MONITORING, DAMAGE PROGNOSIS AND SERVICE-LIFE PREDICTION – ISSUES RELATED TO IMPLEMENTATION V.M.Karbhari 301 ADAPTIVE EVENT DETECTION FOR SHM SYSTEM MONITORING D.K.McNeillandL.Card 311 A NOTE ON INTERPRETATION OF SHM DATA FOR BRIDGES B.Bakht 321 CHAPTERVI:SENSORANDINSTRUMENTATION PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY INSTRUMENTATION PERFORMANCE DURING LONG-TERM BRIDGE MONITORING I.N.Robertson, G.P.Johnson, andS.Wang 331 TableofContents ix STABILITY AND RELIABILITY OF FIBER-OPTIC MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS – BASIC CONDITIONS FOR SUCCESSFUL LONG-TERM STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING W.R.Habel 341 INSTRUMENTATION OF THE INDOOR CABLE STAYED BRIDGE AT EMPA M.Motavalli, G.Feltrin,D.Gsell,andJ.Meyer 353 STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEMS FOR BRIDGE DECKS AND REHABILITATED PRECAST PRESTRESS CONCRETE BEAMS M.A.Issa,H.I.Shabila,andM.Alhassan 363 CFRP STRENGTHENING AND MONITORING OF A BOX GIRDER BRIDGE B.Täljsten 373 SENSORS AND CONDITION EVALUATION FOR BRIDGE HEALTH MONITORING USING OPERATING VEHICLE LOADING K.YokoyamaandA.K.M.Rafiquzzaman 383 MEASURING INSTRUMENTS FOR OPTICAL FIBER SENSING M.Horikawa,M.Komiyama,K.Hirata,andH.Uchiyama 393 IMPLEMENTATION OF LONG GAUGE FIBER OPTIC SENSOR ARRAYS IN CIVIL STRUCTURES Y.Liang,A.Tennant,H.Jia,X.Xiong,andF.Ansari 403 CHAPTERVII:FIBEROPTICSENSORSPRINCIPLES ABSOLUTE DEFORMATION MEASUREMENT USING FIBER-OPTIC WHITE LIGHT INTERFEROMETER WITH TWO BROAD-BAND SOURCES C.Sun,L.Yu,Q.Wang,andQ.Yu 415 INTERACTION MODEL BETWEEN FIBER OPTIC ULTRASONIC SENSOR AND MATRIX MATERIALS L.Yuan,G.Zhang,andQ.B.Li 423 BIREFRINGENCE AND TRANSVERSE STRAIN SENSITIVITY IN BRAGG GRATING SENSORS M.Prabhugoud andK.Peters 433 x TableofContents A NEW FIBER OPTIC ACOUSTIC/VIBRATION SENSOR – CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATION TO CIVIL STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING K.Kageyama,H.Murayama,andK.Uzawa 443 EMBEDDED CRACK TIP OPENING DISPLACEMENT SENSOR FOR CONCRETE Z.ZhangandF.Ansari 453 LOOP TOPOLOGY BASED WHITE LIGHT INTERFEROMETRIC FIBER OPTIC SENSORS NETWORK L.YuanandJ.Yang 463 CHAPTERVIII:LONGTERMHEALTHMONITORINGOF CIVILSTRUCTURES MONITORING RESULTS OF A SELF ANCHORED SUSPENSION BRIDGE S.Kim,C.Y.Kim,andJ.W.Lee 475 LONG TERM MONITORING OF A HYBRID CABLE-STAYED BRIDGE G.Zhang 485 STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING SYSTEM APPLICATIONS IN JAPAN S.SumitroandM.L.Wang 495 LONG-TERM MONITORING OPERATION OF THE TEST-ROAD IN KOREA HIGHWAY CORPORATION (KHC) J.H.Jang,J.H.Jeong, S.M.Kwon,andH.G.Park 505 PIPELINE BUCKLING DETECTION BY THE DISTRIBUTED BRILLOUIN SENSOR F.Ravet,L.Zou,X.Bao,L.Chen,R.F.Huang,andH.A.Koo 515 SubjectIndex 525

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