Self-Organizing Architectures: First International Workshop, SOAR 2009, Cambridge, UK, September 14, 2009, Revised Selected and Invited Papers PDF
Preview Self-Organizing Architectures: First International Workshop, SOAR 2009, Cambridge, UK, September 14, 2009, Revised Selected and Invited Papers
Lecture Notes in Computer Science 6090 CommencedPublicationin1973 FoundingandFormerSeriesEditors: GerhardGoos,JurisHartmanis,andJanvanLeeuwen EditorialBoard DavidHutchison LancasterUniversity,UK TakeoKanade CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA JosefKittler UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK JonM.Kleinberg CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA AlfredKobsa UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA FriedemannMattern ETHZurich,Switzerland JohnC.Mitchell StanfordUniversity,CA,USA MoniNaor WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel OscarNierstrasz UniversityofBern,Switzerland C.PanduRangan IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India BernhardSteffen TUDortmundUniversity,Germany MadhuSudan MicrosoftResearch,Cambridge,MA,USA DemetriTerzopoulos UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA DougTygar UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA GerhardWeikum Max-PlanckInstituteofComputerScience,Saarbruecken,Germany Danny Weyns Sam Malek Rogério de Lemos Jesper Andersson (Eds.) Self-Organizing Architectures First International Workshop, SOAR 2009 Cambridge, UK, September 14, 2009 Revised Selected and Invited Papers 1 3 VolumeEditors DannyWeyns KatholiekeUniversiteitLeuven Leuven,Belgium E-mail:[email protected] SamMalek GeorgeMansonUniversity Fairfax,VA,USA E-mail:[email protected] RogériodeLemos UniversityofKent Canterbury,UK E-mail:[email protected] JesperAndersson LinnaeusUniversity Växjö,Sweden E-mail:[email protected] LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2010930054 CRSubjectClassification(1998):D.2,I.2,H.4,C.2,C.2.4,H.5 LNCSSublibrary:SL2–ProgrammingandSoftwareEngineering ISSN 0302-9743 ISBN-10 3-642-14411-XSpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork ISBN-13 978-3-642-14411-0SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,re-useofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9,1965, initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsareliable toprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. springer.com ©Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2010 PrintedinGermany Typesetting:Camera-readybyauthor,dataconversionbyScientificPublishingServices,Chennai,India Printedonacid-freepaper 06/3180 Preface Self-adaptability has been proposed as an effective approach to automate the complexity associated with the management of modern-day software systems. Self-adaptabilityendowsa softwaresystemwiththe capabilityto adaptitself at runtime to deal with changing operating conditions or user requirements. Researchersinself-adaptivesystemsmostlytakeanarchitecture-centricfocus on developing top–down solutions.In this approach,the system is monitored to maintain an explicit (architectural) representation of the system and based on a setof(possibly dynamic)goals,the system’sstructure orbehavioris adapted. Researchersofself-organizingsystemsmostlytakeanalgorithmic/organizational focus on developing bottom–up solutions. In this approach, the system compo- nentsadapttheirlocalbehaviororpatternsofinteractiontochangingconditions and cooperatively realize system adaptation. Self-organizing approaches are of- ten inspired by biologicalor naturalphenomena. With the term “self-organizing architectures” (SOAR)werefertoanengineeringapproachforself-adaptivesys- temsthatcombinesarchitecturalapproachesforself-adaptabilitywithprinciples and techniques from self-organization. Whereas both lines of research have been successful at alleviating some of the associated challenges of constructing self-adaptive systems, persistent chal- lenges remain, in particular for building complex distributed self-adaptive sys- tems. Among the hard challenges in the architectural-centricapproachare han- dling uncertainty and providing decentralized scalable solutions. Some of the hardchallengesinthe self-organizingapproachareconnecting localinteractions with global system behavior, and accommodating a disciplined engineering ap- proach.Theawarenessgrowsthatforbuilding complexdistributedself-adaptive systems, principles from both self-adaptive systems and self-organizing systems have to be combined. For instance, Web-scale information systems, intelligent transportation systems, and the power grid are all innately decentralized sys- tems, but control in local sub-systems may be highly centralized. Engineering such complex systems puts forwardquestions such as:What kind of bottom–up mechanisms can be exploited in order to deal with uncertainty but at the same time provide the required assurances? How to derive and exploit tactics, ar- chitectural patterns, and reference architectures to realize robust, scalable, and long-lived solutions? ThegeneralgoalofSOARistoprovideamiddlegroundthatcombinesthear- chitecturalperspectiveofself-adaptivesystemswiththealgorithmicperspective of self-organizing systems. The papers in this volume include both selected and thoroughly revised papers from the WICSA/ ECSA 2009 SOAR Workshop and invited papers. VI Preface Thepaperscoverabroadrangeoftopicsrelatedtoself-organizingarchitectures, includingself-adaptivearchitectures,decentralizedarchitectures,nature-inspired approaches, and learning approaches. We hope that the papers in this volume stimulate further researchin self-organizing architectures. May 2008 D. Weyns S. Malek R. de Lemos J. Andersson Organization SOAR 2009 was organized in conjunction with the Working IEEE/IFIP Con- ference on Software Architecture (WICSA) and the European Conference on Software Architecture (ECSA), Cambridge, UK, September 14, 2009. Program Co-chairs Danny Weyns Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Sam Malek George Mason University, USA Rogério de Lemos University of Kent, UK Jesper Andersson Linnaeus University, Sweden Program Committee Nelly Bencomo Lancaster University, UK Yuriy Brun University of Southern California, USA David Garlan Carnegie Mellon University, USA Kurt Geihs University of Kassel, Germany Holger Giese Hasso Plattner Institute at the University of Postdam, Germany Jorge J. Gómez Sanz Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain Tom Holvoet Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium Mark Klein Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon, USA Marco Mamei Universitá di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Italy Hausi A. Müller University of Victoria, Canada Flavio Oquendo Université de Bretagne-Sud, France Van Parunak Vector Research Center, Ann Arbor, USA Onn Shehory IBM Haifa Research Lab, Israel Mirko Viroli Università di Bologna, Italy Website http://distrinet.cs.kuleuven.be/events/soar/2009/ Acknowledgements We are grateful to the WICSA/ECSA 2009 organizers for hosting SOAR. We thank the PC members for their critical review work. Finally, we thank the Springer staff for supporting the publication of this volume. Table of Contents Self-adaptive Approaches Elements of Self-adaptive Systems – A Decentralized Architectural Perspective...................................................... 1 Carlos E. Cuesta and M. Pilar Romay Improving Architecture-Based Self-adaptation Using Preemption....... 21 Rahul Raheja, Shang-Wen Cheng, David Garlan, and Bradley Schmerl Weaving the Fabric of the Control Loop through Aspects ............. 38 Robrecht Haesevoets, Eddy Truyen, Tom Holvoet, and Wouter Joosen Self-organizing Approaches Self-organisationfor Survival in Complex Computer Architectures...... 66 Fiona A.C. Polack Self-organising Sensors for Wide Area Surveillance Using the Max-sum Algorithm....................................................... 84 Alex Rogers, Alessandro Farinelli, and Nicholas R. Jennings Multi-policy Optimization in Self-organizing Systems ................. 101 Ivana Dusparic and Vinny Cahill A Bio-inspired Algorithm for Energy Optimization in a Self-organizing Data Center..................................................... 127 Donato Barbagallo, Elisabetta Di Nitto, Daniel J. Dubois, and Raffaela Mirandola TowardsaPervasiveInfrastructureforChemical-InspiredSelf-organising Services......................................................... 152 Mirko Viroli, Matteo Casadei, Elena Nardini, and Andrea Omicini Hybrid Approaches Self-adaptive Architectures for Autonomic Computational Science...... 177 Shantenu Jha, Manish Parashar, and Omer Rana Modelling the Asynchronous Dynamic Evolution of Architectural Types .......................................................... 198 Crist´obal Costa-Soria and Reiko Heckel X Table of Contents A Self-organizing Architecture for Traffic Management................ 230 Rym Zalila-Wenkstern, Travis Steel, and Gary Leask On the Modeling, Refinement and Integration of Decentralized Agent Coordination: A Case Study on Dissemination Processes in Networks... 251 Jan Sudeikat and Wolfgang Renz A Self-organizing Architecture for Pervasive Ecosystems .............. 275 Cynthia Villalba, Marco Mamei, and Franco Zambonelli Author Index.................................................. 301 Elements of Self-adaptive Systems – A Decentralized (cid:2) Architectural Perspective CarlosE.Cuesta1andM.PilarRomay2 1 Dept.ComputingLanguagesandSystemsII, ReyJuanCarlosUniversity,Mo´stoles,28933Madrid,Spain [email protected] 2 Dept.InformationandCommunicationSystemsEngineering, SaintPaul-CEUUniversity,BoadilladelMonte,28668Madrid,Spain [email protected] Abstract. Software is evolving towards a greater complexity and variability, withacontinouslychangingenvironment.Inthiscontext,self-adaptivesystems areacquiring agreat relevance. Their architecturesareinherently dynamic and by definition, also reflective. However, their self-referential nature might com- promise their compositionality, and even the use of the architectural approach. Thisworkintendstodecideonitssuitability,byconsideringitsfundamentalsin detail.Aftersomeinitialdefinitions,thenatureofbothself-adaptationandself- organizationisdiscussed,andtheimplicitmodularstructureisdetermined.Then atentativetaxonomyofelementsinself-adaptivearchitecturesisprovided,which isalsodiscussedinadecentralizedsetting.Tosupportourinitialhypothesisabout the suitability of architectures, the algebraic properties of their composition is studiedindetail.Then,thesuitabilityofareflectiveapproachinthiscontext is considered, and then a concrete example of an autonomic system is described, usingareflectivearchitecturaldescriptionlanguage.Thechapterconcludesdis- cussingthesuitabilityofthisapproach,andhowthearchitecturalperspectiveof self-adaptationdoesnotactuallyimplyacentralizedtopology. 1 Introduction The complexity of software systems has been increasing for the last decades, and it keepsreachingnewlevels.Totacklethiscomplexity,anumberofstrategieshavebeen tested.Oneofthefirstwastoconsidertheglobalpropertiesofsystems,atahighlevel ofdescription–thatisthepurposeofSoftwareArchitecture. Arecentapproachstatesthatsystemsshouldnowrealizeapartofitsinternalfunc- tionsthemselves,withoutrequiringexternalassistance;thereforerelievingtheuserfrom thisaddedcomplexity.Thisistheideabehindso-calledself-managed,autonomicand self-adaptivesystems,aswellas,fromadifferentperspective,ofself-organizingstruc- tures,andtheirfeatures,whichcollectivelyreceivethenameofself-∗systems[3]. (cid:2)This work has been partially funded by National Research Projects MULTIPLE (TIN2009- 13838)andAgreementTechnologies(CONSOLIDERCSD2007-0022),bothfromtheSpanish Ministryof ScienceandInnovation; and byResearchProject IDONEO(PAC08-0160-6141), fromtheautonomousGovernmentofCastilla-LaMancha. D.Weynsetal.(Eds.):SOAR2009,LNCS6090,pp.1–20,2010. (cid:2)c Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2010
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