Selected healing herbs of Himalaya: a pictorial & herbaria guide

146 Pages·2008·35.26 MB·English

by  Yoga & Naturopathy

Selected

HEALING
HERBS OF HIMALAYA

A pictorial & Herbaria Guide

{AE covet Coun or Resa in Ayurveda and Siddha
OF) Department of AYUSH
eA lies SS cpa crt

Jawahaal Noh Bhertya Crikies Eva Homesopathy

(Opp. “0° Block Janakpur, New Delhi - 110058

2008
Publisher :

Central Council for Research in Ayurveda & Siddha
Department of AYUSH, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare,
Government of India.

Jawaharlal Nehru Bhartiya Chikitsa Evam Homoeopathy
‘Anusandhan Bhaven, 61-65 Institutional Area, Opp. “D" Block,
Janakpuri, New Delhi ~ 110058.

E mail: [email protected]

© Central Council for Research in Ayurveda & Siddha, New Delhi
2008

ISBN 978-81-7525-992-8

Photography, Coverpage s & Book designed by :

Dr.G.V.R.Joseph, Assistant Director (Botany), CCRAS, New Delhi.

Printer :
Pearl Offset Press Pvt. Ltd.
5/33 Kirti Nagar Industrial Area, New Delhi - 110 015.
Patron:

Smt. Anita Das, Secretary
Department of AYUSH

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Government of India

Shri, Shiv Basant, Joint Secretary
Department of AYUSH

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Government of India

Shri. S. K, Chadha, Director
Department of AYUSH

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Government of India

_——
Chief Editor :

Dr. G.§. Lavekar, Direclor
CCRAS, New Delhi.

Co - Editor :

Dr. M. M. Padhi, Dy. Director (Tech),
CCRAS, New Delhi,

Work carried out by :

Dr.G. VR. Joseph, Assistant Director (Botany),
CCRAS, New Delhi.

Assisted By :

Sh. Jagdish Chandra Arya, R. A. (Botany)
CCRAS, New Delhi.
Participating Institutes
SLNo Name of the Institute Location
1 Regional Research institute (Ayurveda), Tarknet, Uttarakhand
2 Regional Research Insttuie (Ayurveda), _tanagar, Arunachal Pradesh
3. Regional Research nsttute (Ayurveda), Guwahatl, Assam
4 Regional Research Insitute (Ayurveda), Gangtok, Sikkim
5 SOWARIGPA Research Centro, Leh Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir
Contributers
SL No, Name ofthe Officers Disignation Institute :
4 Dr. PC. Sharma ExAD {Bot} RIAy), Pune
2 Sh.Kailash Chandra ExAD (Bot) AKAy), Pune
3 DLOP Mishra ExAD(Bot) NMPB, Delhi
D4 LMR. Unival Ex RO(y) RIA), Tarkhet

5 Sh.RN Tewari ExR.0 (Bot) RIA), Tarikhet :
6 DFR Issar ExR.O (Bot) RI (Ay) Jhansi
7 Sh.RS.Dbit ExR.0 (Bot) ARI (Ay), Jhansi
8 DrV.P. Tewari ExROIAy) RIAY), Tarot
8 DEV.K.Singh ExRO(Ay) RI (Ay), hans :
10 Sh. KC. Tewari Ex R.O.(Bot) RIAy), Tainet :
41 Dr.L.N.Sharma ExR.O.(Bot) RC(Ay.), Jammu
12 Late. Dr. R. Majumdar ExR.O,Bot) RI(Ay), Guwahati
13 Late. H.C. Pandey ExR.O,Bot) CRIIAy.), Lucknow Be
14 Dr.MG. Joshi ExR.O (Bot) AI (Ay), Jhansi
18 Sh.S.C.Pant ExR.O,P) CORAS, HO. New Delhi
16 Sh Jugal Kishore Gurani ExRA (Bot) FRI, (Ay), Tarkhot
17 SHAK. Tamta ExRA. (Bol) RIAy), Tarkhet
18 DrRajiv KumarSharma $8.0. (Bot) LIM, Gazhiabad
19 DPC. Joshi Ex.RO(Ch) RRWAy), Tarikhet
20 Dr. Ramashanker RO.Got) RRI(Ay),tanagar
21 Dt. PE. Singh ROLBot) RRL (Ay), Jhansi
22 Dr. GC. Joshi RO\Got) RRIAY), Tanhet
23. ShN.K Pandey, Oot) CAIAy.) Gwalior

P24 DrAK Panda ROKAy) RAI (Ay), Gangtok:
25 Dr. OmRaj Sharma RO(Ay) RAL (Ay), Mand
26 Dr, Padma Gurmeet RO. (Amchi) ‘Sowa Rigpa Res. Center, Leh
27 Dr. Rajosh Ku, Mudaiya ARO (Bot) RAI Ay), Jhansi
28 Or MS, Rawat ARO (Bot) HADI, Gopeshwar
29 Sh.JagdishChandraArya FLA. (Bot) GCRAS, HO. Now Deli
30 Km, Deopshikha Arya RA. (ot) AWAy), Tarkhet
Foreword

‘Tha Indian Himalayan Region is one ofthe major rapositaris of biodiversity. It supports about 18,440
plant species. The rich diversity of Indian Himalayan Region has been in use since Vedic period (Rig-

‘Veda 4500-1600 BC). The Charak (1000-800 BC) and Susruta (800-700 BC) described Himalaya as
‘a major habitat of madicinal plants, The Indian Himalayan Region has an area of 5, 31,250 sq. Km
spread over 12 states and constitutes about 16.16% of India's total geograghical area. It has about
1,748 species of medicinal plants dstibuted in Indian Himalayan Region.

‘The Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddna (CCRAS) has carried out commendable
work in Medico-Ethno-Botanical Research through its peripheral Institutes located at Himalayan
Rogions. The prasent treatise on "Healing Herbs of Himalaya" offers itself as a pictorial and herbaria
{guide on 50 important medicinal plants available at incian Himalayan Region, The book provides an
‘overview of various facis of the herbal wealth of Indian Himalayan Region. Further the book is an
assimilation of information contained in numerous published as well a unpublished data; herbarium;
Crude drugs and field photos, | am confident that the work caried out by Dc GR. Joseph, RO.
(Botany) and his team under overall supervision of Dr. MIM. Padhi, DD, (Tech,) and Dr GS. Lavekar,
Director would be of immense use for Researchers, Academicians and Pharma-Industry. My congratu-
lations to Shr Shiv Basant, Joint Secretary and Shri Sanjiv Chadha, Director, Department of AYUSH,
Government of India on this excellant documentation,

Cuuk deo

(Anita Das)

2rd July 2008.
New Deki.
Lived ott angde ud fre srgeiurs aag
‘rere fer

@ (ores Pre, sara gd RRIF SOT Te, TTT)

‘ete rer Are rece Fac ees ter se
atch. ea. ate CENTRAL COUNCIL FOR RESEARCH IN AYURVEDA & SIDDHA
tes Deptt. of AYUSH

. (tn adororous orgs, neyo Healt & arly Wear, Get fa)
pres eee Sona Lt Nai arya Chin vam HomooopatyAruronchan tanan

PREFACE

‘Since ages herbs and herbal products aro boing used as medicines. The World Health Organization
(WHO) estimates that 80% of the Worle population sil ells an herbal medicines as its major souree
‘of medicinal products, Ina I one of the richest Biodiversity hot spot in the world and Himalayan region
ig well known for fis herbal weath

Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha through its peripheral Insiules located at Tarkret,
Guwahati, Hanagar, Gangtok, Mandl, Leh have done commendable work in Medico-Ethno-Botanical
Research that includes market survey of herbal drugs. The book “Selectod Healng Herbs of Himalaya” i=
4 slate of art ropon. The book provides an overviow of various facts Including updated botanical
fhomeneilure, popular names used in diferent Indian systems of modicnes, IUCN status, uses, threats,
formulations, et Safely! toxicity and contraincleations were also covered on the studied plans. Or
GYR. Joseph, Assistant Drecior (Botany) who Is Instrumental in carrying out tha projoct “Digitization of
Herbarium” has done sincere effais in Brnging out this book.

| appreciate the work cared ty: Or. GC. Joshi, P.O. (A P|, Tarkhel) for his deep invokament in the
‘iid work of Utarekhand Himalaya and for his assistance in selecting the plans; Dr. MIM. Sharma who
put his sinoere efforts in going through drat copy and made necessary correcions In “uses and
ormuiatione” part of all plans. Mt. Jagalsh Chandra Arya R.A. (et) and Mr. Raju Kuma, D.E.O. who
fare the part of team wih Dr. GA. Joseph traveled extensively in remote parts of Himalayan region in
‘eannecton with Digzaton ot Herbarum project Four plant photos ie. A. benthami:; D. hatagaric: A.
‘glauca: Jatamansl ae taken rom the display materal of Sccoly of Himalayan Environmental Ressarch,
Dehradun, teir contibution i acknowlodgod

| appreciate Me, Archana Gupla, SRP (Botan), De. Tanula Prasad, SAF (Ayu:) and Dr. Shipi Das, SAF
(Pharmacology) for thee valuable assistance in comping the text matoral of tho book

‘Support rendered by some of the offcerfsta to Dr. Joseph whi taking photos/Digiization related work
at Himalayan region is sncerely acknonedged, ike are Or. GC. Nanda, AD. (CFI, Bhubaneshwar}; Di
D. Garush, FLO. (ARI, Guwahall; Dr. Brahma, RO. (RAL, Manager) and Or. A. K. Mangal. LO. (CCRAS,
HO), Special appreciation ls due te Or. MM. Padhi, Deputy Diector (Tech) who overall supervised the
‘work and encouraged the team twoughaut tha work. Thanks 1o Dr. V. K. Slagh, &.D, (Botany), CORUM
for his valuable suggestions.

| express my sincere giatiude to Smt. Anta Das, Secretary, Sh. Shiv Basant, Joint Sacretay and Sh
‘Sik: Chaddha, Director, Dept. of AYUSH, Ministry of Health and Family wallae, Gov. of Inia for their
fencouragement and appreciation, Special thanks to Sh. S.K. Chadha, Director. Dept of AYUSH for his
keen interest and who acted as civing for In ths publication. The
(lereken
is

Dete: 23° July 2008 GS. Lavekar
Place: New Delhi Chief Eto
Abbreviations

Medicine Systems

Ay.
Sd.
Hp.
Ss

‘Ayurveda
Siddha,
Homeopathy
‘Sowa rigpa

Pharmacopoeias

“Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India.
Siddha Pharmacopoeia of India.
Homeopathy Pharmacopoeia of Inca.
Unani Pharmacopoeia of India.

Harvest for Medicine
Loss of Habitat
Human interference
‘Overexploitation
Trade
Harvest for wood
Edaphic factor
Harvest for food
Trade for parts
‘Sampling

Not Known

‘Synonym (s)
International Union for Conservation of Nature
SI.No.

os ee

CONTENTS

Abbreviations
Contents,

Botanical Names
‘Abies webbiana Lindl.

‘5yn. A. spectabits(D.Don.) Spach

Aconitum atrox Linn.

‘syn. A frox Wall ex Seringe

Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle
Acorus calamus Linn.

Angelica glauca Edgew.

Asnebia benthmait (Wall. ex G Don.) John.

‘Syn. Macrotomia benthonit (Wal) DC.

Berberis aristata DC.
‘Syn B.slkkimensis Sch.

Bergenia ciliata(Haw) Sternb.

‘Sym. B. ulate Engh

Betula ufilis D.Don.

‘yn. B. Dhojpatra Wal.

Caticarpa macrophyliaVabl.

Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud

yn. G fan! Baro. ver. deodera Hook.
Colastrus pantculatus Willd.
Cinnamomum tamala Ham. (Ft. Nees)
Coleus forskohill Linn,

Sanskrit Nam

Talis

Vatsanabha

Ativisha

Vacha

Choraka

Gojivha

Daruharidra

Pashanabheda

Bhurja/Bhujapatira

Priyangu
Devadaru

Jyotishmat
‘Tvakapatra
Gandira

vu
x
x

xb

Page
1

23-26

27-28
15. Crocus sativus L. Keshara
16. Dactylorhiza hatazarica D.Don. Munjataka

Syn. Orchis atole auc. non
17. Delphinium donudatum Wall. Nirvisha 45-46
18. Digitalis purpureaLinn. Tiipushpi 47-48
19. Dioscorea buibitera Linn. Varahi 49-50

‘Syn. D. orlspata Roxb, D. daemona Roxb.

20. Elaeocarpus sphaericus (Gaertn.) K.Schum. Rudraksha 51-82
21. Embella ribes Burm. Vidanga 53-56
22. Ephedra gerardiana Wall. Soma 57-60
28. Gentlana kurroo Royle Trayamar 61-62

24. Gloriosa superba Linn, Langall 63-66
25. Hedychium spicatum Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. hat! 67-68
28. Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. Neichak 69-70
27. Hyoscyamus niger Linn. Parasika Yavani 71-72
28. Inula racemosa Hook: Pushkara 73:74
29. Microstylis wallichiiLindlle Jivaka 78-76

‘ayn. Malar acuminata D.Don.
30. Myrica esculenta Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don. Katphala 1r-78
Syn. M. ferguheriane Wal, Mm. eapide Wal,
1M. nagi Hook. . In part non Thunb.
31. Nardostachys Jatamansi DC. Jatamansi 79-82
‘Syn. Nardastachys grandiors DC.
32. Oroxylum indicum Vent. Shyonaka 83-86
33. Plororhiza kurroa auct. non Royle Katuke 87-90
‘Syn. sorophuleriseflora Pennel
34. Pinus roxburghi! Sarg. Sarala 91-92
98, Podophyllum hexandrum Royle Vanatrapush! 93-04