Sediment Transport in Aquatic Environments

344 Pages·2011·2.23 MB·English

by  A. Manning

SEDIMENT TRANSPORT IN
AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS

Edited by Andrew J. Manning
Sediment Transport in Aquatic Environments
Edited by Andrew J. Manning

Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia

Copyright © 2011 InTech
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Image Copyright SergeyIT, 2011. Used under license from Shutterstock.com

First published September, 2011
Printed in Croatia

A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]

Sediment Transport in Aquatic Environments, Edited by Andrew J. Manning
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-307-586-0
free online editions of InTech
Books and Journals can be found at
www.intechopen.com

Contents

Preface IX
Part 1 Sediment Transport Issues 1
Chapter 1 Sediment Transport Patterns in Todos Santos Bay,
Baja California, Mexico, Inferred from Grain-Size Trends 3
Alberto Sánchez and José D. Carriquiry
Chapter 2 Dynamics of Sediments Exchange and Transport in the Bay
of Cadiz and the Adjacent Continental Shelf (SW - Spain) 19
Mohammed Achab
Chapter 3 The Significance of Suspended Sediment Transport
Determination on the Amazonian Hydrological Scenario 45
Naziano Filizola, Jean-Loup Guyot, Hella Wittmann,
Jean-Michel Martinez and Eurides de Oliveira
Chapter 4 Sediment Transport in Rainwater Tanks
and Implications for Water Quality 65
Mirela I. Magyar, Anthony R. Ladson and Clare Diaper
Chapter 5 Fine Sediment Deposition at Forest Road Crossings:
An Overview and Effective Monitoring Protocol 89
John F. Rex and Ellen L. Petticrew
Part 2 Numerical Modelling of Sediment Transport 123
Chapter 6 The Filling Dynamics of an Estuary:
From the Process to the Modelling 125
Sylvain Guillou, Jérôme Thiebot, Julien Chauchat Romuald Verjus,
Anthony Besq, Duc Hau Nguyen and Keang Sé Pouv
Chapter 7 Transport of Sediments in Water
Bodies of the Gulf of California 147
Noel Carbajal and Yovani Montaño-Ley
VI Contents

Chapter 8 Sediment Transport Modelling and
Morphological Trends at a Tidal Inlet 163
Sandra Plecha, Paulo A. Silva, Anabela Oliveira and João M. Dias
Chapter 9 Coupling Watershed Erosion Model with Instream
Hydrodynamic-Sediment Transport Model:
An Example of Middle Rio Grande 187
Dong Chen and Li Chen
Chapter 10 Coastal Morphological Modeling 203
Yun-Chih Chiang and Sung-Shang Hsiao
Part 3 River, Delta and Lake Sediment Processes 231
Chapter 11 Computation of Lake or Reservoir
Sedimentation in Terms of Soil Erosion 233
Vlassios Hrissanthou
Chapter 12 Hydrodynamic Influences on Fluid Mud
Distribution in the Amazon Subaqueous Delta 263
Roberto Fioravanti Carelli Fontes, Aurea Maria Ciotti
and Belmiro Mendes de Castro
Chapter 13 Hydrodynamic Effects of Sedimentation on Mass Transport
Properties in Dead Water Zone of Natural Rivers 277
Michio Sanjou
Chapter 14 Sediment Transport and River Channel Dynamics
in Romania – Variability and Control Factors 293
Liliana Zaharia, Florina Grecu, Gabriela Ioana-Toroimac
and Gianina Neculau
Chapter 15 Integrating River Bed Dynamics
to Flood Risk Assessment 317
Clemens Neuhold, Philipp Stanzel and Hans Peter Nachtnebel

Preface

Sediment Transport in Aquatic Environments is a book which covers a wide range of
topics. The effective management of many aquatic environments requires a detailed
understanding of sediment dynamics. This has both environmental and economic
implications, especially where there is any anthropogenic involvement. Numerical
models are often the tool used for predicting the transport and fate of sediment
movement in these situations, as they can estimate the various spatial and temporal
fluxes. However, the physical sedimentary processes can vary quite considerably
depending upon whether the local sediments are fully cohesive, non-cohesive, or a
mixture of both types. For this reason for more than half a century, scientists,
engineers, hydrologists and mathematicians have all been continuing to conduct
research into the many aspects which influence sediment transport. These issues range
from processes such as erosion and deposition, to how sediment process observations
can be applied in sediment transport modelling frameworks. This book reports the
findings from recent research in applied sediment transport which has been conducted
in a wide range of aquatic environments. The research was carried out by researchers
who specialize in the transport of sediments and related issues.
It is a great pleasure to write the preface to this book published by InTech. It comprises
15 chapters written by a truly international group of research scientists, who specialize
in areas such as sediment dynamics, hydrology, morphology and numerical sediment
transport modelling. The majority of the chapters are concerned with sediment
transport related issues in either estuarial, coastal or freshwater environments. For
example: suspended sediment transport in the Amazon delta, how hydrodynamic
effects influence fluid mud distributions, sediment exchange & dynamics on the
continental shelf and sediment transport modelling in a tidal inlet. Other contributions
in this book examine: coastal morphological modelling; sedimentation in lakes; the
influence of hydrodynamics; fine sediment deposition; water quality associated with
sediment transport; and how river bed dynamics can influence potential flooding.
Authors are responsible for their views and subsequent concluding statements.
In summary, this book provides an excellent source of information on recent research
on sediment transport, particularly from an interdisciplinary perspective. I would like
X Preface

to thank all of the authors for their contributions and I highly recommend this
textbook to both scientists and engineers who deal with the related issues.

Andrew J. Manning
University of Plymouth, School of Marine Science & Engineering, Plymouth,
HR Wallingford Ltd, Coasts & Estuaries Group, Wallingford,
United Kingdom