Sedation: A Guide to Patient Management, 6e PDF
Preview Sedation: A Guide to Patient Management, 6e
Sedation A GUIDE TO PATIENT MANAGEMENT SIXTH EDITION Stanley F. Malamed, DDS Emeritus Professor of Anesthesia and Medicine School of Dentistry University of Southern California Los Angeles, California 2 Table of Contents Cover image Title Page Copyright Dedication Contributors Preface Reference About This Book Acknowledgments Sedation in Dentistry: A Historic Perspective References Section I Introduction Chapter 1 Pain and Anxiety in Dentistry Basic Fears Dental Fears References 3 Section II Spectrum of Pain and Anxiety Control Introduction Reference Chapter 2 Introduction to Sedation Definitions The Concept of “Rescue” Summary References Chapter 3 The Spectrum of Pain and Anxiety Control No Anesthesia Iatrosedation Other Nondrug Psychosedative Techniques Routes of Drug Administration General Anesthesia References Chapter 4 Physical and Psychological Evaluation Goals of Physical and Psychological Evaluation Physical Evaluation Recognition of Anxiety Determination of Medical Risk Physical Status Classification System Stress-Reduction Protocols References Chapter 5 Monitoring During Sedation Routine Preoperative Monitoring Recordkeeping 4 References Chapter 6 Nondrug Techniques Iatrosedation Hypnosis Summary References Section III Oral, Rectal, and Intramuscular Sedation Introduction Chapter 7 Oral Sedation Advantages Disadvantages Rationale for Use Drugs Antianxiety Drugs Sedative-Hypnotics Histamine (H ) Blockers (Antihistamines) 1 Opioids (Narcotics) The Oral Sedation Appointment—Adult Patient Summary References Chapter 8 Rectal Sedation Advantages Disadvantages Drugs Complications of Rectal Administration Summary 5 References Chapter 9 Sublingual, Transdermal, and Intranasal Sedation Sublingual Sedation Summary (Sublingual Sedation) Transdermal Sedation Summary (Transdermal Sedation) Intranasal Sedation Summary (Intranasal Sedation) References Chapter 10 Intramuscular Sedation Submucosal Sedation Sites of Intramuscular Drug Administration Armamentarium Technique Complications Determination of Dosage Drugs Summary References Section IV Inhalation Sedation Introduction References Chapter 11 Inhalation Sedation Beginnings (Pre-1844) The Early Days (1844–1862) Anesthesia Develops (1863–1898) 6 The Twentieth Century Modern Times (1950–Present) References Chapter 12 Inhalation Sedation Advantages Disadvantages Indications Contraindications Restorative Dentistry Periodontics and Dental Hygiene Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Endodontics Fixed Prosthodontics Removable Prosthodontics Oral Radiology Orthodontics Pediatric Dentistry References Chapter 13 Pharmacology, Anatomy, and Physiology Pharmacology Anatomy Physiology References Chapter 14 Inhalation Sedation Equipment Types of Inhalation Sedation Units Safety Features Available Inhalation Sedation Units References 7 Chapter 15 Inhalation Sedation General Description Administration Comparison of Techniques of Administration Normal Distribution Curve Titration and Time Signs and Symptoms of Oversedation References Chapter 16 Inhalation Sedation Inadequate or Incomplete Sedation Poor Patient Experience Equipment Performance Complications Managing Complications References Chapter 17 Contemporary Issues Surrounding Nitrous Oxide Potential Biohazards From Long-Term Exposure to Trace Anesthetic Gas Recreational Abuse of Nitrous Oxide Sexual Phenomenon and Nitrous Oxide and Other Sedation Techniques References Chapter 18 Practical Considerations Determination of Proper Titration at Subsequent Visits Poor Patient Evaluation Patient Unattended During Sedation Improper Recovery Procedures Postsedation Nausea, Headache, and Lethargy Who Administers Nitrous Oxide? Equipment 8 References Chapter 19 Teaching Inhalation Sedation 2016 Guidelines – General Principles of Minimal Sedation Inhalation Sedation (Nitrous Oxide-Oxygen) 2016 Guidelines for the Use of Sedation and General Anesthesia by Dentists References Section V Intravenous Sedation Introduction References Chapter 20 Intravenous Sedation The Early Days The 1800S The 1900S References Chapter 21 Intravenous Moderate Sedation Advantages Disadvantages Contraindications Indications References Chapter 22 Armamentarium Intravenous Drug Administration Advantages and Disadvantages of Various Methods Intravenous Infusion Solution Intravenous Administration Set Needles 9 Other Items References Chapter 23 Anatomy for Venipuncture Arteries of the Upper Limb Veins of the Upper Limb Anatomy Selection of Venipuncture Site Recommended Sites for Venipuncture References Chapter 24 Venipuncture Technique Preparation of Equipment Preparation for Venipuncture Indwelling Catheter Winged Infusion Set Hollow Metal Needle Venipuncture Technique Terminating the Intravenous Infusion References Chapter 25 Pharmacology Benzodiazepines Summary Barbiturates Summary Histamine Blockers (Antihistaminics) Summary Propofol Opioid Analgesics Opioid Agonists 10
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