Seaweeds of the western coast of tropical Africa and adjacent islands: a critical assessment. IV. Rhodophyta (Florideae) 4. Genera L-O

42 Pages·1994·24.2 MB·

by  David M John

Bull. not. Hist. Mus. Land. (Bot.)24(1): 49-90 Issued23June 1994
Seaweeds of the western coast of
tropical
Africa and adjacent islands: a critical
assessment. IV. Rhodophyta (Florideae) 4.
Genera L-O
DAVID M. JOHN, GEORGE W. LAWSON, JAMES H. PRICE
DepartmentofBotany, The NaturalHistory Museum, CromwellRoad, London SW75BD
WILLEM F. PRUD'HOMME VAN REINE
Research InstituteRijksherbarium!Hortus Botanicus, P.O. Box 9514, 2300RA Leiden, The
Netherlands
WILLIAM WOELKERLING
J.
SchoolofBotany, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria3083, Australia
CONTENTS
Introduction 49
Specieslist 51
Numericallistofreferences 80
References 82
..
SYNOPSIS. This paper assembles and, so far as is possible without extended field and herbarium studies, examines
critically the validity of records of marine and brackish-water Rhodophyta (Florideae) for the western coast of
tropical Africa. The whole mainland coastline from the northern boundary of Western Sahara southwards to the
southern boundary of Namibia, the oceanic islands from the Salvage Islands southwards to Ascension and St
Helena, and all islands close to the African mainland coast are included in the area covered. Each species entry
includes all traced records for the species, the names which have previously been applied to it for the area, and
additionalcommentsorevaluation, asnecessary. Commentsare alsoprovidedatgenericorgenericgrouplevelsin
verycomplexcases. Onenewrecombinationismade,Nothogeniamagnified(Pilger)J.H. Price.
INTRODUCTION species or lower taxon level; only when clarification was
required for comprehension have changes been made in
subhead citation, in which case explanation is given in
TtiPsa1hrn9nhhaic6deoctl9weu;tc,andhroeePevoMdiraer,inacrgdeeteaaeg,hdrraesellJiitmonee&ahriwpntpiaehLtrqei&haturnswiivFsLlnpiaioauglstn.wbeth,elnsi1dtsio.ssn1ip,Gh9,naee7rad9ntt1n)eh9dp.oer7rf8ateCl,hvtoeweihugi1oetenn9uhn8twsa6dlromt,yyhreoeks(1rn9iLaoin8basif8motw,ieitisadsshloe1ln9nallte9eniit2md&sct;tpaegellrPdrJorLoowiyahui-cennpteOdd,sh, isacrkb(tieunorniilcitturol)oienawrortTnrdnnmrgheseyelesdfdetloievdiarisasiatnttrsn.etatytahmbrCieloissosibnrimtustnoaptthgsrtieelloeredaeanmmrdtaaeieujellnnnapiatdcdhdnlsaeaeictnsbrlnaotteou,frttdaiiaelewbrcldsdiueai.ttalsnvhisteao.orrcnmribodbHepuaeuesanrttntti.ictrobmeeniMyre,sonsifwrsnoghaeclerinelnecgdoeqiehwtruniaiieslsartlriehnaazesonleapdtideszsgcapecdireldiaecowsnsituabfrpyuoiiisstfc-s
anEdaccohnsmtaitiunenetntsrpyeccioenssiasrtesloifs:ted in alphabetical order. celsetaabrlifsohrrepcroercdiss.ely which countries within the area they
(i) The major bold heading, representing the currently- References are presented in twoways:
Tao(ivchie)ceresSapueltblesadeirndentiraaiyrmn.yesTiqhtauaenladyirceairzueetbpdhrroahercesikaetenditetissn.tghasenaddtiifenfstesererenvntaitlaswllawyyitsshuiibnndwithhveiidceehntttrhyh.ee g(aaalen)podhgaaresbaxeapptheniidcuciamatllbioeonnrradesmedoreu.lrsicsteNrseu(,pfm.eabr8ne0tdr)os(tcbo)owarialrtslheoisawnploiinpnstdcalirounefsngiftouhnlnelusomrefbesmfeaerarnsfeutnseiccrnersittphhiteen
species has been referred to throughout in past publication references. References relevant only in previous parts ofthis
hpshaaatvltelerbbneesenfnoormadtiohnuetbaatrienaaes.dtIionncwothrhirecescehtsrcueibctsoairtdidioanwrsyefhraeotatmdrsipbausstotetlhtiaottewrthahtieucrrhee ssetrainedsaradriezoedmibtettewdeheenrethaenpdrensuemntbearnsdapraesttphaerrtesf.ore not fully
TheNaturalHistoryMuseum, 1994
50 D.M. JOHNETAL
Fig. 1 ThecoastlineoftropicalWestAfricaandtheoffshore islands
1,Salvage Islands;2, CanaryIslands;3,WesternSahara [=formerSpanishSahara, SpanishWestAfrica](includestheoftenquoted Riode
Oro, thesouthernregionofthecountry, butexcludesIfni);4,Mauritanie;5, Senegal;6, Gambia;7, Guinea-Bissau [=PortugueseGuinea];
8,Guinee;9, SierraLeone; 10, Liberia; 11, Coted'lvoire; 12,Ghana; 13,Togo; 14, Benin[=Dahomey]; 15, Nigeria; 16,Cameroun; 17,*
2B2i,o*k*oR[e=pMuabcliicasofNtghueeCmoangBoi;yo2g3o,,CFaebrinnadan;do24P,ooZ]a;ir1e8,[P=rCionncigpoe;Re1p9,ubSlaioc]T;o2m5e,;An2g0,o*laE;qu2a6t,oNraiamlibGiuain[e=aSo[u=tShpaWneissthAGfuriinceaa];];272,1,AsGcaebnosni;on
Island;28, SaintHelena;29,Annobon [=Pagalu]. TheCapeVerde Islands,whichlieimmediatelytothewestofDakar(Senegal), have
beenomittedfromthismapbutareincludedinthespecieslistthatfollows.
* Nos 17(Bioko) and20(SpanishGuinea, = RioMuni)ontheoriginal map(partI) are nowjointlyadministeredasEquatorialGuinea.
Biokoisenteredseparately,where appropriate,inthespecieslist.
** Loango, anamemuchusedbyearliercollectorssuchasWelwitsch,wasformerlyacoastalregionofWestAfrica. Itsapplicationappears
tohaveincludedmuchofthecoastlineoftheRepublicofthe Congo(22), aswellasofCabinda(23) andZaire (24). Becausebyfarthe
longestandrockiestpartofthe Loangocoastliesnowwithinthe RepublicoftheCongowe haveattributedallmarinealgal recordsfrom
LoangototheCongo.
RHODOPHYTA (FLORIDEAE) OFTROPICALAFRICA 51
(iv)Additionalqualifyingnotesappearbelowwholeentriesor assertion, but Yamada (563), examining the L. brachyclados holo-
individual parts ofentries to which they specifically refer. In type,statedthatitwasnot L. perforata. MuchearlierDeToni (139:
these notes, references containing species records consist of 371)hadcommented: 'Measententiahaecspeciesvideturforsancum
authors' names, followed by the reference number in the Laurenciaperforata Mont, comparanda' (Thisspecies perhaps com-
tbneearrmsmeisna,afltdelraitsteaanocdfo,lpowunhb.elirOceatthaiepoprnrorapernfidearteseno,cmeteshteicmroeenlsseivspatantgoepfangaueumtnhbouermrs-s' epmbarraareycedhsbytecwhliatatthdheoLs.Ls]a:abumrr'eaeDcnishcepyiecacnlieapeuedsre'ofswoAhraraenttrdaegaLeMs.hoonaprtsty.P)gii.mnlagCdeeriraie(bW4Vb5ee6br(:1ew1ra62)n-:dvcsa1ocn6mh6ma-Bef7o)tnstscveeoadnn's.i[LLd...-.
afteracolon. scopariaJ. Ag. [q.v.];sieistdurchihrsprossformausgezeichnet'.
Species nomenclature has been revised as far as possible
aacncdepttheedccoommpblientaetiaount.hoTrhceitsautbisoindiisargyivietanlifcoirzeedahcehacduirnrgesntalnyd- Laurencia brongniartiiJ. Agardh
any other discarded combinations that require reference are Canaries (658).
included as cross-referencing entries to the currently- Ghana (299;350;376;377;586;590).
acceptednamesintheoveralllist. Withoutextendedfieldand '. . . Probablywidespread in tropical seas. . .' (350;586).
herbarium studies, the treatments presented here are essen- 'Tropical Africa (N. Gambia-Congo river)' (598).
tially preliminary. Critical updatingofthe overall textis kept [AsFucuspinnatifidus Linnaeus]
firmly in mind for the whole series and we would appreciate Ghana (271).
notification ofanydetectederrors andomissionsfrom anyof Note. The tentative attribution of Hornemann's (271) record
the parts. given above for Ghana is explained under the entry for Laurencia
pinnatifida, which L. brongniartii superficially resembles. See also
entry for Laurencia concinna Montagne. It has been suggested by
John & Lawson (590) that this species may sometimes be mistaken
SPECIES LIST forLaurenciapinnatifidaorL. undulataYamada,soreportsofthese
species from Sao Tome (93) and Senegal (122) respectively may
requirereinvestigation.
Lasiothalia sp.
Cote d'lvoire (288). Laurencia caespitosa Lamouroux
Liberia (129; 350; 586). See Laurencia hybrida (DeCandolle) Lenormand ex Duby
Note. Very tentative identification, with reservations, by Dr E. and Laurencia canariensis Montagne in Kiitzing.
Wollaston of specimens from Harper, Cape Palmas, Liberia; not
identifiabletospecies.Asmallepiphytepossiblyeasilyoverlookedor
mistakenfor Callithamnion, which itcloselyresembles (129). A few Laurencia canariensis Montagne in Kiitzing
filamentshavealsobeencollectedatnearbyTabouinCoted'lvoire.
Probablymorewidespreadthansuggestedbyrecords. Canaries (25;26;27;109;133;318;323;407).
'warm Atlantic. . .'(410).
Laurencia [As Laurencia caespitosa Lamouroux]
Canaries (401; 407).
For a set oftreatments of certain specific groups and subge- Note. Cotton's (109) text indicated that this is a replacement
cUneeKnr,tircaslreeePlaaSctaiiifotinocsh(ti1hp9rs8o2)ua.cgrhEoastrshleyLaPsuatcruiedfniieccsiaUbySfArthoemcosatashmtesewaaenusdttheoorrvneerxaintsdot Lnqtouaaeubmsreeteinaocfsnioyartnhocemanaesytstmepa,ritituiaosflscoaoftrLhrtaaheticms,toltuyiarnuxosouen1xd8.,i4n1oT,tfhhLaeM.tolrhnaeyttcbtaoregrrinddiseasn(nqeho.earvdmd.)ac.laclTroyhenifscusioldcnaeaslrnilaedsldeyirsneiatdsos
on the genus from Japan (Saito, 1967); Hawaii, the Philip- against L. hybrida. B0rgesen (71: 68-69) and Dangeard (119: 182)
pines and adjacent areas (Saito, 1969a); Pacific Nort&h very firmly placed L. canariensis Montagne in Kiitzing in synonymy
America (Saito, 1969ft); and southern Australia (Saito with L. hybrida. In 1841 Montagne (401) hadcommented under his
Womersley, 1974). Saito (1982: 306) believes that '. . . we Laurencia caespitosa entry: '. . . Je doute beaucoup de la legitimite
should not rearrange the species of Laurencia until the specifiquedecette Algue, quelaplupartdesphycologuesreunissent
characteristics ofmany other species from other areas ofthe peut-etre avec raison a la precedente. Nos echantillons sont assez
world have been clarified'. Work on the taxonomy of this fidelement represented dans la figure citee de Gmelin.' 'la prece-
pgrreeovngiuresewsisbny(tGGhieill--CRRaoonddarririgyguueIezszl&aandnHsda,rootthuhrneoru(s6g)5.h8)D.SeNeAalsstouditehse, sihsoritn ccd(2eoa5nnm:tseei7'd6te9oir;neb2tdeh6lih:isies7vc6esa9ps)teechiiweneamdssiatcLsoaatcbueoedrnesstnpehcepaciatiarfMapitoicenn.wntiaaTtthghiinfsLieaddau(er4Lpe0ae1n:mncodi1sau5r4hoo)ynubhxrtai.hddeaJ.ocrboAiunggtsipanleraacltdileh-yr
fityorseparateness ofLaurenciacaespitosa and L. hybrida. In 1876
Laurencia brachyclados Pilger J. Agardh(27: 662)placedthistaxoninhis'Speciesinquirendae'.
Annobon (139;350;456;457;496;535;563;586). Laurenciachondrioides B0rgesen
Ascension (475).
Note. Steentoft(535)commented: '. . .specimenofL. brachycla- Canaries (598;663).
dos Pilger (Mildbraed 6719 from Annobon) in Hb B0rgesen would [As Chondriopsis dasyphyllaWoodward]
seemtorepresentthebasalpartsofayoungplantof[L. obtusa]var. Canaries (439).
rigidula, but itis so minute, andatsuchvariancewith the published Note. TheplacementofChondriopsisdasyphyllaunderChondria
daelsocnreipftoironth(ePiltgiemr,e 1b9e2i0n:g'.6)Mtihladtbritaewdouslpdecsiemeemnb6e7tt1e9rbteoarlseavliettliet dasyphyllainPriceetal. (1986)isincorrect.
resemblance to Pilger's (456) description. Steentoft (535) also sug-
gested that L. brachycladus might possibly be a dwarfor immature Laurencia complanata (Suhr) Kiitzing
formofL. perforata, basedsolelyonitsdescription. Examinationof
the isotype in Herb. Agardh (No. 36616) seemed to confirm this See notes to Laurenciaconcinna Montagne.
52 D.M. JOHNETAL
Laurencia concinna Montagne Laurencia galtsoffii Howe
Note. The question ofwhether Laurencia brongniartiiJ. Agardh Gabon
should be recorded under that name or L. concinna remains open (294;350;586).
althougharbitrarilydecidedastheformer. Yamada(563)considered Ghana (288;350;586;590).
Laurencia concinna Montagne as synonymous with Laurencia Liberia (129;288;350;586).
brongniartiiJ. Agardh. Papenfuss(1943: 91),bycontrast,considered '. . .in tropical parts ofthe Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. . .'
L. concinna to be different from L. brongniartii and L. complanata (350;586).
(Suhr) Kutzing. Cribb (113: 114-5) followed Yamada (563) in Tropical Africa (N. Gambia-Congo river)' (598).
sAygnaorndyhmi(z1i8n4g1)twhheicthwoseteamxsa;toheantuesdeadtethLe. ncoanmceinnLa..bEraornlgineira,rtCiriibJb. G[AasboLanurenciagalstoffiHowe]
th(1aa1xr2ad:lya1s6c2od-ims1pt6li3na)cntahtaseidnicfneolttlhhoeewdetrdyipePedapcseopnnefdcuiistismoen(n.19o4.f3.:'L..9W1)ybrnionnnegmnai(ia1nr9tt8ai6iian)i'.nig.nt.hhiiess C[AaspeLaVuer(r2e9dn4ec)i.Iaslcfa.ndgsal(st6o5f2f)i.i Howe]
tropical/subtropical western Atlantic check-list, has accepted L.
concinnaassynonymouswithL. brongniartii. Laurencia hybrida (DeCandolle) Lenormand ex Duby
Canaries (8;16;33;38B;38D;71;118;128A;191;227;229; 230;
Laurencia corallopsis (Montagne) Howe 237;263;375;489;517;598;633;634;658).
Cape Verde Islands (38B;38D;598).
Canaries (633;658). Salvage Islands (38B;38D;598).
SC[aAalsRpvoeLad.greVicegoIrrusrdleaaezlnldaosInpssd(liRasR.n.JdHJ.so.Hw(HaeLar]eroioudunen,n).inHelirttb.ar19i9u0m),. det. M.C. Gil- '''... ... ... AAEttnllgaalnnittsiihcqou,ceoda(esdstede1s'oeAulntgshluwertadererdrsIenagtoluaxtteChraernaaCraaineCsaa)nr.ayri.Ia.ss'l'(a3n(3d5)s1..7)...'
(71).
Canaries (686). [As Laurencia caespitosa Lamouroux]
[As Laurencia (grex) corallopsis (Montagne) Howe] Canaries (3;38;44;221;254;305;401).
Canaries (634). Cape Verde Islands (38;408;596).
'. . . De 1'Angleterre aux Canaries' (38).
Laurencia cruciata Harvey '. . . D'Angleterre aux Canaries' (89).
[As Laurencia caespitosa Lamouroux var. subsimplex Mon-
St. Helena (142;260;391;655). tagne]
Note. Dickie (142) regarded thisspecies asveryclose to Lauren- Cape Verde Islands (38;408;597).
cia obtusata, and this comment is repeated by Mellis (391) and [As Laurencia hybrida DeCandolle forma]
Hemsley(260). Canaries (387).
Note. B0rgesen(71:68-69)veryfirmlyplacedCanariesLaurencia
Laurencia densa (P. Dangeard) J. Feldmann tcaheesepnittrosyafoarndLaLu.recnacniaariceannsairsieinnssisynMoonnytmaygnweitihnLK.uthzyibnrgi.da. See also
See Chondria densa P. Dangeard and Laurencia microcladia
Laurencia intermedia Yamada
Kutzing.
CapeVerde Islands (652;683).
Laurencia elata (C. Agardh) Harvey Cote d'lvoire (350;586).
Ghana
(295;350;586;590;695).
See notes to Laurenciaflexuosa Kutzing. Liberia (129;295;350;586).
'. . . does not extend from the Gulf of Guinea into Senegal'
Laurencia filiformis (C. Agardh) Montagne (487).
'. . . in tropical parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans'
See note underLaurenciascopariaJ. Agardh. (350;586).
'. . . probably widespread in many warm temperate and
tropical seas' (590).
Laurencia flexilis Setchell '. . . Tropical Africa (N. Gambia- Congo river)' (598).
[As Laurenciapapillosa (Forsskal) Greville]
Canaries (658). Ghana
(153;338;537).
SalvageIslands(LeidenHerbarium,det. M.C. Gil-Rodriguez 'warm Atlantic' (78).
and R.J. Haroun). Note. ForclinalmorphologicalvariationbetweenL.papillosa<
>L. intermedia< >L. paniculata, see the notes to L. paniculata.
Laurencia flexuosa Kutzing LmaeunrtenofcisaomtreopairceaasYoafmtahdeaI,ndLi.anflOecxieliasnSaertechceolnlcearnnded()soL.fairntasertmreedaita-
Yamadaareverysimilar. Yamada(563: 234),quotedalsoinJaasund
[As LaurenciaflexuosaJ.Agardh] (279: 61),commentedthatmorespecimensbecomingavailable from
Mauritanie (349;516). differentlocalitiescouldwellresultinhisL. tropicabeingreducedto
Note. Jaasund (279: 62), under the name Laurencia elata (C. synonymywith L. flexilis Setchell. Tanzanian plants clearly identifi-
Agardh) Harvey, indicated that Yamada (563: 241, pi. 26, 27) able with B0rgesen's Indian Ocean material that he described as L.
included L. flexuosa Kutzing and L. luxurians (Harvey) J. Agardh flexilis, correspond to the detailed description provided by Saito
within L. elata, the distribution for which was cited as Australia, (1967: 39-45) for L. intermedia Yamada. In the end, Jaasund (279:
Tasmania and South Africa, Jaasund then adding East Africa (Tan- 62) remained uncertain about the conspecificity of Tanzanian (and
zania). Indian Ocean) L. flexilis and L. intermedia, whilst using the latter
RHODOPHYTA (FLORIDEAE) OFTROPICALAFRICA 53
nameandgenerallybeinginclinedtobelievethatonlyonetaxonwas Senegal (54;59;529).
involved.
'Atlantique tropicale' (529).
'Subtropical Africa [Senegal (N. of Gambia); Mauritania;
Laurencia implicataJ. Agardh FormerW. Sahara] (598).
CanlaarnideRse(sLeeairdcehnVHeesrseblar'iHuemin,ckceo'l)l.ected duringtrip ofHelgo- C'[aAwnsaarLrm.ieerosbpt(au4rs3ta9sp(orfHouAdtpslaaorntnet))i.cLaOcmeoaunr'ou(x97]).
CSS[eAaansopeeLTg.aoVleminr(et5dr1ei(;c35aI59ts0)al;.a5Ln3ad5ms;o5(u866r5)2o.)u.x] aL=d.dCNihomttoiienco.drnroacillaSiaedndeifeaont,rshmaeapDtlaeiannoctgneredyiasripfdnor)re'sbeCrinahmtcpoeklndeyd.tirsniBgao't(dhd=aaertndLst.ha(e5s4Pde).e,ennDswtaaihnteigJene.sararFerdefe,elrcdrowminhansgenprnete,-o
?SierraLeone (30;350;586). cific. No further information is given to justify the implication.
'. . .inwarmtemperateandtropicalpartsoftheAtlanticand Prud'homme van Reine et al. (663) have re-investigated Piccone's
Pacific Oceans. . .' (350;586). material (439) andconsideredthatsome plantsreferredtohimasL.
'. . . Subtropical Africa [Senegal (N. of Gambia); Maurita- obtusashouldbemorecorrectlyattributedtoL. microcladia.
FormerW.
nia; Sahara]. . .' (598).
'. . . Tropical Africa (N. Gambia-Congo river)' (598). Laurencia minuta sine auctorum
Note. SeenotestoLaurenciamajusculaandL. obtusa. Laurencia
ivamrpileitcyatoaf(La.s Lo.btuisntari(cea.tga.) bhyasYabmeeandas,om5e6t3)i.meLsawcsonosnid&ereJdohtno(b3e50:a CaNnoatrei.esCi(t6e47d)w.ithoutauthorityinacomparativetable.
586) suggest that Aleem's report ofthis species from Sierra Leone,
growingonwaveexposedshoresas 'tuftycushions' with Centroceras Laurencia natalensis Kylin
andGelidium,mayhavebeenamisidentificationforL. tenera. Often
referred to as L. intricata, but the correct name is L. implicata See notes on Laurenciaobtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux.
accordingtoSilvaetal. (1987).
Laurencia nidificaJ. Agardh
Laurencia intricata Lamouroux
Cape Verde Islands (652).
See L. implicataJ. Agardh. Cote d'lvoire (288;350;586).
Ghana
(288;350;586;590).
Laurencialata Howe & Taylor Liberia (129;295;350;586).
St. Helena (655).
Senegal (59;399). < > '. . .in pluribus calidioribus oceanis formae steriles consimi-
'Subtropical Africa [Senegal of Gambia); Mauritania; les adsunt, quae an invicem specie differant parum
NFooter.merBoWd.ardSa&harMao]ll'i(o5n98(5)9.) referred certain oftheirspecimens '. c.o.nsptraotb.ab.l.'y(w27i)d.espread in warm temperate and tropical
withdorsiventralsymmetrytothisspecies. seas. . .' (350;586).
'. . . Tropical Africa (N. Gambia-Congo river). . .' (598).
Laurencia luxurians (Harvey) J. Agardh Note. This taxon has always presented difficulties ofdetermina-
tiondue,inpart,tosparsematerial. Doubtsrecordedinmanyofthe
See the notesto Laurenciaflexuosa Kiitzing. abovereferencesrelatetothat.
Laurencia majuscula (Harvey) Lucas Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux
Canaries (633;647;658;686). Annobon
(456;457;535).
Cameroun
(350;586). Cameroun
(337;350;535;537;586).
Cape Verde Islands (652;683). Canaries
Gabon
(294;350;586). (8;16;38B;38C;38D;71;128A;191;216;226;227;237;252;
Gambia
Ghana (296;350;586). 379;392;401;439;489;490;499;517;535;546;547;555;556;
(178;299;300;350;376;377;586;590;654;695). 557A;584;598;633;634;647;658;662;668;684).
'. . . Probably pantropical. . .' (350;586). CapeVerde Islands
'. . . Tropical Africa (N. Gambia-Congoriver)' (598). (38B;38C;38D;252;408;499;535;555;556;598).
Mauritanie (Leiden Herbarium, det. M.C. Gil-Rodriguez Gambia
(296;350;586).
and R.J. Haroun). Ghana (BM Herbarium, Foote 1949).
SalvageIslands(LeidenHerbarium,det. M.C. Gil-Rodriguez Mauritanie (38B;38C;38D;252;349;535;555;556).
and R.J. Haroun).
Principe (93;350;535;586).
Note. This plant was once (257) considered to be a variety of Salvage Islands
Laurencia obtusa, since the two are almost identical anatomically.
MorphologicallyitresemblesL. implicatabutisreadilyseparatedby Sao(3T8Bo;m3e8C(;9338;D2;5211;52;6251;63;5203;15;353;7558;65)5.5;556;598).
itspalisade-likecorticalcells.
Senegal (38B;38C;38D;122;529;535;542;555;556).
Sierra Leone (30;350;586).
Laurencia microcladia Kiitzing 'African and Americancoasts; Canary Islands. . .' (177).
Canaries (686). '. . . an den atlantischen Kiisten von Grossbritannien bis zu
CapeVerde Islands (686). den Canarischen Inseln. . .' (501).
Mauritanie (Leiden Herbarium, det. M.C. Gil-Rodriguez '. . . Atlantic coasts from Britain to the Canary Islands. . .'
and R.J. Haroun). (269).
54 D.M. JOHNETAL
''.. .. .. AAttllaannttiiqquuee t(rdoepi1c'aAlngeltetteermrpeeraeu'x(C5a4n2a)r.ies). . .' (33). gaenldatLi.nosviar.idSiseefonroptreosbuanbdleerreLcaourrdesncoifaL.paopbitlulsoas.a, L. brachyclados
'. a. d. IBnramsairliiaamtleatntCiacpo.etBeojnu.ssSpieniu.bu.s.'ab(3i1n8s)..britannicisusque Laurencia paniculata sine auctorum
'. . .in oceano atlantico ... an ubique eadem?' (27). See under L. patentiramea (Montagne) Kiitzing.
'Nordwestafrika' (499).
'Pantropical' (529).
'. . . toutes les merschaudes. . .' (190). Laurencia papillosa (C. Agardh) Greville
''.. .n.i..a;TSruFoboptirrcmoapelircAaWflr.iAcSfaarhi(acNra.a][G.Sae.mneb.'gia(a5l9-8()NC..onogfoGraimvberi)a.);. .'Ma(u59r8i)t.a- AA[sAncsneoLn.bsoipoannpi(Il4sl5lo6as;na4d5(7(F)4o.7r4s;s4k7a5l)).Greville]
'warmerparts ofAtlantic Ocean' (375).
Cameroun(337;350;454;484;500;586).
'Warmerparts ofthe Atlantic Ocean. . .' (62;71). Canaries (128A;227;584;658).
'Westafrika' (499). CapeVerde Islands (38;150;191;598;683;686).
'. . . widespread from boreal-antiboreal to tropical seas' Mauritanie (624).
[As(3L50a;u5r8e6n)c.ia obtusa Lamouroux] '. . . in oceano Atlantico ad littora calidiora Africae. . .'
(133).
CC''..aan..apane..rdDiAVetetelsrraolp(ndai3teGc8ia;crIl4sa4[lln;aOad8ntce9ide;tsau4Bnd(3re]39es8;t.;5.a14g.4.7n5)..';e.5n(2a2o8u5r)4xt.)h.Caannadriesso.uth. .'. (.38.;t8e9)m.perate ''''[...AW.s..a..r.LiTtmanoreuuorrotpeceipnescacaarlinlteasosApomfaafretpilritacslhnalettoi(rAscoNtaopl.iJcaG.canaaltAliimegdcsbia'oiOrr(caid1e-ha9a0dCnv)a..olrin.t.gtto.o'hray(rr6iAs2vfo)eri.rid)ce.ase]...'.(5.'98()2.6).
CS'[AAaatsopleaLTnaoVtuiemrcreeadnnec(d2iI6asP3al;oca2bin6tfd4uis)sc.,a(1tH5eu0m)d.pseorna]te and subtropical' (143). CC[[AAaassppeeLLaaVVuueerrrreeddnneecciiIIaassppllaaaapnnpddiissllll((oo31ss85aa)0.)F(.oFrorsssskkaall)vaJr..Atghyarrsdohi]des}
'[AWsarLmaeurrepanrctisaofobtthuesAatla(nHtuidcs'o(n1)44)L.amouroux var. gracilis '[.As. .LianurcaelndciioarepaaptillalnotiscaoG.re.v.i'l(l2e7]).
Harvey] 'Warm Atlantic' (410).
Canaries (242). Note. Yamada (563), who actually described Laurencia interme-
[As Laurencia obtusa Lamourouxvar. gracilis Kiitzing] dia,regardedL.papillosaandL.paniculataasprobablyrepresenting
C[aAnsarLiaeusre(n4c39i)a.obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux var. natalensis i'.nt.e.rmtehdeiaexmtaryembee finocrlmusdeodf. o.n.e'. Pviecrcyonvear(i4a3b9l:e4s4p-e4c5i)esinidnicwahtiecdhthLa.t
(Kylin)] he had only one very small specimen from the Canaries. B0rgesen
SaoTome (535). reported (71: 68) that Forti had allowed him to see the small
[As Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux var. rigidula fragment, stating '. . . It was so small that I did not feel inclined to
Grunow] make an anatomical examination of it, but according to its appear-
Annobon ance and colour, more reddish than L. papillosa, it can most
S[AasoTLaoumreen((c553i35a5))..obtusa (Hudson) Lamouroux var. gelatinosa p(6r2o4b)abislygibveenrwefietrhreadquteorLya.uSreeencailasoobutnudsae'r'.L.ThoebtuMsaau.ritanian record
B0rgesen]
Canaries (71). Laurencia patentiramea (Montagne) Kiitzing
[As Laurencia hybrida (De Candolle) Lenormand ex Duby] [As L. paniculata (C. Agardh) Kiitzing]
Canaries (439 proparte). Canaries (38C;38D;598).
PicNcootnee.'sPmartuedr'iahlom(m43e9)vaanndRceoinnseideetrdal.th(at66s3)omheavpelanrtes-irnevfeestrirgeadtetdo Cape Verde Islands (38C;38D;44;598).
him as L. hybrida should more correctly be attributed to L. obtusa. Senegal (37;450;451).
[AsLaurenciapapillosaForsskalandvar.gracilisKiitzing] [As Laurenciapaniculata (C.Agardh) J. Agardh]
Canaries (439). Canaries (658).
Note. See note for Laurencia papillosa. [As Laurencia grex. Senegal (529).
[presumably'prox.'] obtusa] [As LaurenciapaniculataJ. Agardh]
Canaries (232B). Mauritanie (624).
Note. Forcomment on the status ofvarieties sometimes recog- Note. Audiffred (38C) indicated his record as new to the Canary
nized in L. obtusa and on the features distinguishing L. obtusa/L. Islands. Lawson & John (350, 586) repeated Yamada's (563) state-
implicata(thelatterconsideredavarietyoftheformerbyYamada, ment of opinion that L. patentiramea (as L. papillosa) and 'L.
563), see Lawson & John, 350: 340). See also the note under paniculataJ. Agardh' may represent '. . . the extreme forms ofone
Laurenciamajuscula. Accordingto Steentoft (535), the SaoTome very variable species in which L. intermedia may be included'.
plants are close to two varieties-var. natalensis (Kylin) B0rgesen Askenasy (37: 47) indicated in a footnote that the specimens of
which is more delicate, smaller, and more irregularly branched Laurencia were very fragmentary and that Bornet, who had deter-
than the type, and var. rigidula Grunow, also smaller, more rigid, mined them, had given most with doubt. Given as Laurencia
with more dense erect branches than the type. These minor paniculata! (Agardh) Kiitzing by Piccone (450, 451), the Piccone
differences are not a good basis for varietal recognition where (451) record was based on the Naumann (Gazelle) collection deter-
morphological plasticity is high. Piccone (439: 45) indicated that mined by Askenasy. See also the 'Laurencia sp. A' from Senegal
he had material of this very polymorphic species that was very recorded by Sourie (529) and also note under Laurencia papillosa.
similar to varieties recognized under the names of gracilis and Forthecorrectnameofthistaxon,seeSilvaetal. (1987: 67,68).
RHODOPHYTA (FLORIDEAE) OFTROPICALAFRICA
55
Laurencia perforata Montagne theintensiveworkofrecentdecades. TherecordforSenegal(530)is
See under Laurencia tenerrima (Clemente) Cremades & givenwithaquery.
Perez-Cirera.
Laurencia platycephala Kiitzing
Laurencia pinnatifida (Hudson) Lamouroux Canaries (634?;658).
Annobon
(456). Laurencia poiteaui (Lamouroux) Howe
Canaries
(13;38D;226;227;229;230;232B;237;252;253-
375;379;401;489;517;584;598;633;658). [As L. papillosa (Forsskal) Greville]
Cape Verde Islands (Leiden Herbarium, det. M.C. Gil- Canaries (439).
Rodriguezand R.J. Haroun). [As L. pinnatifida (Hudson) Lamouroux]
?Ghana (350;586). Canaries (439).
Mauritanie(38D;252;253;344;349;567). [As L. poitei(Lamouroux) Howe]
Salvage Islands (38B;38D;231;375;598). SaoTome (350;535;586).
SaoTome (93;251;295;350;586;590). Senegal (59).
Senegal (38D;530?). '. . . probably widespread in warm temperate and tropical
Western Sahara (38D;349). seas. . .' (350;586).
'''... ... ... NAAttollraawnnettigicqeouneObr(iidseenMtNaauolrriv(teIangngeileaant'lear(rM5aa6-7u)rM.iatuarniitea)n.ia.)..' (.3.3').(253). 'TSruoFbpotirrcmoapelircAaWflr.iAcSfaarhi(acNra.a]G['Sae(m5nb9e8ig)aa.l-(CNo.ngofo RGiavmebri)'a)(;598M)a.uritania;
'. . . widespreadin boreal-antiborealseasandlesscommonin [As Laurencia tuberculosa Agardh]
tropical seas. . .' (350;586). SaoTome (251;265).
'Subtropical Africa [Senegal (N. of Gambia); Mauritania; [As GracilariapoiteiLamouroux]
FormerW. Sahara]' (598). SaoTome(251;263;264).
Tropical Africa (N. Gambia-Congo River)' (598). [As Gracilariapoitei (Lamouroux) Agardh.]
[As Laurenciapinnatifida Lamouroux] SaoTome (265).
Canaries (44;214;268). Note. Prud'homme van Reine et al. (663) have re-investigated
SaoTome(261;263). Piccone's material (439) and consider that plants referred to as L.
'['..As..Ma..LuwareuiAsrtttealnnacicnoeiat.asitqp.uioen.f'n(aA2tfd2ire2fip)icu.daia.s(.G.m'lee(sl2i68n)c).otLeasmouarngoluaxi]ses jusqu'en pCC[iaAannsnpaaetLri.iVfeipesdarand(ia3ecn8udICls;Lal.3ta8apnDad(;psCi5l.(9l38oA8)sgaC.a;ar3rd8eDhc;)o4rr4Kei;ci5tt9lzy8i)na.gtt]ributedtoL.poiteaui.
Annobon Senegal (37;450;451).
(457;535).
Canaries [As Laurenciapaniculata (C.Agardh) J. Agardh]
(16;42;71;191;230;236;387;392;499;535;546;556).
Mauritanie (122;529;535;556). Senegal (529).
Salvage Islands (38B;556;556A). [As LaurenciapaniculataJ. Agardh]
Sao Tome Mauritanie (624).
(93;535). Note. Audiffred (38C) indicated his recordasnewto the Canary
WSeensetgearln(S5a2h9a;5r3a5;(555566)).. mIselnatndso.fLoapwisnoionn&thJato:hn'L(.35p0a,te5n8t6i)rarmeepaeat(aesd LY.ampaadpial'lsos(a5)63a)ndsta'tLe.-
'AfIrniskelannibsicshzenumKiKiaspt'e (v2o39n).Marokko und den atlantischen pvaenriycuvlaartiaabJl.eAgsapredcihe'smianywrheipcrheseLn.t 'i.n.te.rtmheedieaxtmraemyebfeormisncolfudoende.
'. . . Faeroessouthwardsto the Canary Islands. . .' (71). Askenasy (37: 47) indicated in a footnote that the specimens of
'. . . most eastern Atlanticcoasts south to Senegal' (535). Laurencia were very fragmentary and that Bornet, who had deter-
'Nordwestafrika' (499). mined them, had given most with doubt. Given as Laurencia
G[''[.WAAhes.sas.ntFLaDaaufucerruieslkanapc'Giirn(ana4apn9ti9din)efn.-iadBturisfeitLdaiagnnn(aTeeuaursun]exrC)anLaarmioeus.ro.ux.'](89). pFrm(a4eoin5crni1oec)trduhdlreeaebdctcyoaobr?rArydse(ckSwtAeoagunnsaraarisbmedyahe.s()e5oSd2feK9oteu)hntiazastlinthsndaoegxaoNtlbnhsay,eousmn'PeLoaieatcnueScnrioleunv(nneaGcdaiee(zatr4e5laslL0lp.,ae.4)u(5rA11ce9')o8n;l7cfl:iertac6oht8mepi)ao.pnSPieildncleecotgoseaanr.le-
(271).
LaNwostoe.n &SJaoohnTo(3m5e0, 5p8l6an)tssinwceerdererdeggeadrdferdomwiltlhm;soemlesewdhoeurbetthbiys Laurencia poitei (Lamouroux) Howe
speciesis intertidal orshallowsubtidal. Recordsare notconfirmable See L. poiteaui(Lamouroux) Howe.
since neitherthe Newton (1881) plant (see535) northeCarpine (93)
plant (Huve,pers. comm. to DMJ) are traceable. The plantsuperfi-
cially resembles L. brongniartiiand might be readly mistaken forit. Laurencia pygmaea Weber-van Bosse
pSloaunrtisea(p52p9r)oaecxhperedssmeodredouclbots,elnyotLi.nguDndaunlgaetaard('qs.v.o)p.inTihoentnhoamteDnacklaar- See the notesto Laurenciabrachyclados Pilger.
tural equivalence of Fucus pinnatifidus and Laurencia pinnatifida
may be in error, although L. pinnatifida is found elsewhere in the Laurencia scoparia J. Agardh
check-listarea. IfdriftmaterialwasinvolvedintheoriginalP.E. Isert
collections, the flattened species L. brongniartii, frequent in deep Senegal (47;52;54;59).
watersofftheGhanacoast,mayhavebeentheplantinquestion.The 'Subtropical Africa [Senegal (N. ofGambia); Mauritania;
original Isert specimens, ifnot destroyed in the 1807 fire at Copen- FormerW. Sahara]' (598).
hagen Herbarium (C), require examination for correct attribution. Note. Amongst the varied statements of name and authorities
Thisneedisemphasizedbythefailuretore-recordspecimensduring throughoutBodard&Mollion(59),thatemployedintableHID (pp.
56 D.M. JOHNETAL
219-220)is: 'L.scoparia(Lamour.)Howe'. Laurenciascopariasensu Gambia (535).
J. Agardh isvery similar in external morphology to L. flagelliferaJ. Sao Tome (535).
Agardh (26: 747); the latter differs in having elongate and palisade- Canaries (535;633;634).
like epidermal layer cells and lenticular thickenings in the medulla [As Laurenciaperporata Montagne]
cell walls. According to Wynne (1986a), the correct name is L. Canaries (25;26).
filiformis(C. Agardh) Montagne. [As Laurencia cf.perforata (Bory) Montagne]
Cape Verde Islands (652).
Laurenciasenegalensis Bodard Note. See comments concerning this species in notes under L.
brachycladosPilger.
Senegal (399).
Note. This is probably simply a name ofconvenience, carelessly
allowed to pass into the publication. It seems neither to have been Laurencia tuberculosa J Agardh
.
described anywhere in print by Bodard, nor used elsewhere by
Bodard, Mollion, oranyoneelse. SaoTome(251;265).
Note. SeeL.poiteauiandremarksofSteentoft(535).Theidentity
Laurencia tenera Tseng ofspecimensclearlyrequiresconfirmation.
CCaanpaerieVser(d64e7;I6s5l8a)n.ds (Leiden Herbarium, det. M.C. Gil- Laurencia undulata Yamada
Rodriguez and R.J. Haroun).
Cote d'lvoire (287;295;350;586). Senegal (55;122?;529;590).
Gambia 'Subtropical Africa [Senegal (N. of Gambia); Mauritania;
(296;350;586). FormerW.
Ghana Sahara]' (598).
(288;297;350;491;586;590). Note. Despite recording his material as L. pinnatifida, Sourie
LMiabuerriitaan(i1e29;(2L8e7i;d2e8n8;3H5e0r;b58a6r)i.um, det. M.C. Gil-Rodriguez a(5p2p9r:oa11c6h)edinLd.icautneddulDaatnageYaarmd'asda(.122T)heoprieniiosnatlshoattthheepDoasksiabriliptlyantosf
and R.J. Haroun). confusionwithLaurenciabrongniartiiJ. Agardh (q.v.).
SierraLeone (295;350;586).
TSto.gHoel(2e8n8a;2(9635;53).50;586;590). Laurencia viridis Gil-Rodriguez & Haroun
'. . . probablypantropical. . .' (350;586;590).
'. . . Tropical Africa (N. Gambia-Congo River)' (598). CCaanpaeriVeesr(d6e47I)s.lands (647).
Laurencia tenerrima (Clemente) Cremades & SaNlovtaeg.e IAslacnodsmm(o64n7).alga in Macaronesia, before its description
Perez-Cirera usuallymisidentifiedasL. obtusa.
[As Laurenciaperforata Montagne]
Canaries (27;38;44;89;97;128A;133;141A;323;351;390; Laurencia spp.
401;407;439;563;598;662).
CapeVerde Islands (38;598). Cameroun (337;344;537).
Gabon (350; 586). Canaries (5;8;13;71;226;229;232B;237;281;301;351;379;490;
Gambia
(296;350;586). 633; 658).
Mauritanie (624). Cape Verde Islands (100;183;351;411).
Salvage Islands (38B;598). Cote d'lvoire (287).
SaoTome (93;251;265;350;586). Ghana (42A;297;299;300;335;336;338;344;376;377;487;491;
'. . . in maribus caldioribus in arena et inter minores Algas 537;567).
repens. . .' (27). Guinea-Bissau (529).
'. . . Tropical Africa (N. Gambia-Congo river). . .' (598). Guinee (529).
'. . . widespread in warm temperate and tropical seas' Liberia (287).
(350;586). Mauritanie (349;537).
[As Laurenciaperforata (Bory) Montagne] Namibia (164).
Annobon (456). St. Helena (533).
Canaries (2;5;8;13;16;38B;38C;71;89;112;191;226;227;229; Salvage Islands (38B).
253;318;323;375;379;490;583;658;686). Senegal (59;123;344;399;411;529;530;531;537;542).
Cape Verde Islands (38B;38C;100;123;183;191). West Africa (290;344;479).
Gabon (250). Note. Several of these references represent generalized state-
C[AaspeLaVuerredneciIaslcafn.dpser(f6o5r2a)t.a (Bory) Montagne] mdaetnatspusbelciosnhdeadriellysebwahesreed.oSnommeoroeftshpeecirfeiccorodrssciomvielrarmlyorgeentehraanliozneed
SS'.aal.ov.aTgoeexmtIeesnl(da2ni5dd1sa;(2p36o58)rB.;3l8osC;3m7a5r)e.s templados y tropicales. . .' ua((5nnG2dud9ei:1tn8ee131re9m()aiCnnaadelpsdSeoessnVpteeeagrctaideledes-tIwh2sailttsahpnoiednncseieL-soa,fsuprhopein.snecsIiipaade;encnidteeisxIfIair)me;edps4lea9esm0sb,'lLa6e.r3se3s,p'.nL.5uA2mp'9ab)n.eairnScsdouul5ra13it00ea0
[As(2L53a)u.renciaperforata (Bory) Montagne inBarkerWebb & p(uC.bliAsgh.i)ngJa.uthAogr.('s.)Aasmnoengwsstpectihees(raelcboeirtdsoftaernewistohmdeourbetg,aer.dge.d16b4y:
Berthelot] 437); sterile material sometimes prevented further critical work
Annobon (535). (38B), occasionally subsequently resolved and reflected in specific
Gabon (535). entries.
RHODOPHYTA (FLORIDEAE) OFTROPICALAFRICA 57
Lejolisia mediterranea Bornet taxa and misappreciation of 'species' limits, apart from mis-
determinations and omission of many previously published
Canaries (665). taxa. She was still moved tocomment that, oftaxa known by
1896, 'many remain little-known to this day'. All of which
Leptofauchea brasiliensis Joly makes usage of names in the list area require some reserva-
Canaries (664). tion and confirmation.
Liagora albicans Lamouroux
Leptofauchea rhodymenioides Taylor
Cape Verde Islands (Prud'homme van Reine, collected on [As Liagora decussata Montagne]
CANCAP VII expedition). Ascension (475).
Canaries (38;68;139;390;408;439;598).
Leptophytum Adey (1966), nomen inquirendum Cape Verde Islands (25;38;131;191;318;407;408;410;423;528;
551;564;597;598;688).
The status and disposition of the genus Leptophytum Adey Note. Kutzing's (318: 538) statement 'Ad insulae St. Vincentii
ta(6yp6pp9le:ico3af2t3i)oLn.isolufanertveheseol(nSvatemrdo.eemTLfheeelpttg)oenpAehdryietcyu]tmypilesaccmkoislslsteihcnetgionnoamn[ied.ne.ctlthahu-es oAi'.nrgaa.fsru.ldlahrdei'jnsienWc(st2eau5'bl:ab4rp2ur(9me5)5sS1tud.)emsaVwcibhrnleicypertnetirioehinfe'e.wrrasTeshfteeqorurLoeattdtheietdnoddC'ieaMrspoeccnerttipafVtgrie.oormndMwSeK'av.isItszaBliloansntogdhsg(.i3tv1he8aJ)nt.
tural foundation essential for stability (Wo&elkerling, 1988: and Montagne's (1849: 64) description were published in the same
2-3, 217-218). In addition, Woelkerling Irvine (1986a: year, with Montagne published in January 1849 and Webb in
76-77) questioned whether Leptophytum should be recog- November-December 1849. The most recent review of the genus
nized as a distinct genus, noting the difficulties outlined by (656: 308;688: 119)concludedthatL. decussataisalatersynonymof
Adey (669: 28) in ascribing species to Leptophytum vs L. albicans Lamouroux.
Phymatolithon. Nevertheless, Chamberlain (1990: 198) felt
that 'As an interim statement, therefore, I consider that Liagora canariensis B0rgesen
Leptophytumshould be accepted asa distinctgenus, andthat
it and L. laeve should be interpreted according to Adey's Canaries (2;3;8;13;16;38B;38D;68;191;226;227;235;236;237;
(1966) concepts until further data are available'. The present 303;351;375;379;489;598;634).
account follows Woelkerling (1988), where Leptophytum is Salvage Islands (38B;38D;598).
not recognized as a distinct genus but rather is treated as a [As Liagorafragilis Zanardini var.]
nomen inquirendum and thus a genus requiring further Canaries (439 pro parte).
evaluation. Two species ascribed to Leptophytum have been recNootred.edPbiyccoLnieeb(e4t3r9u)thgavaendthiBso(lpl.e.55)L.infhriasgisluismmwaarsyalipsptaorfesnptelcyieas
recorded from the region underconsideration. Liebetruth record. One ofus (PVR) hasexaminedthespecimenson
which this record is based and found them to be referrable to two
Leptophytum bisporum (Foslie) W. Adey species, L. canariensisand L. distenta.
General note. Acuna Gonzales (2) stated: '. . . en nuestro archip-
See Phymatolithon bisporum (Foslie) Afonso-Carrillo. ielago [Islas Canarias] tambien existen algunas [especies] que son
Note. This species was originally described as Lithothamnion endemicas, como . . . Liagora canariensis. . .'. With substantiable
bisporumFoslie (19066: 18)basedonmaterialfromPuertoOrotava, records from elsewhere, this statement is clearly in error. Levring
Tenerife, Canary Islands. Subsequently, Adey (669: 30) transferred (375) has also recorded the species from Cabo Girao, Funchal and
the species to Leptophytum and then Afonso-Carrillo (11: 134) Deserte Grande, both Madeiragroup, and observed (375: 54): '. . .
placed it in Phymatolithon. Data on the holotype are provided by no doubt closely related to L. valida and it may be difficult to tell
Woelkerling(678: 39). them apart. . .'. This comment is probably based on Feldmann's
(191: 414) own comment that L. canariensis is near to L. valida, a
Leptophytum bornetii (Foslie) W. Adey pantropical species present on both sidesofthe Atlantic. According
toAbbott(656: 309,312etseq.)L. validaHarveyisitselfasynonym
See Lithothamnion bornetiiFoslie. ofL.fragilisZanardini.
Leptosiphonia schousboei (Thuret in Bornet & Thuret) Liagora ceranoides Lamouroux
Kylin Ascension (474).
Canaries (684). Canaries (38B; 38D; 68; 72; 128A; 191; 226; 227; 303; 375;
556; 564; 584; 598; 651).
Cape Verde Islands (688).
Leptosiphonia sp.
Salvage Islands (38B;38D;231;375;556;556A;598).
Senegal (59). 'Warm Atlantic' (410).
Note. Occurs in the Bodard & Mollion (59) text only in the [As Liagorapulverulenta Agardh]
terminal table HID (Dredging along the coast ofthe '. . . Sud de la Canaries (547).
petitecote . . . Senegal'). Note. Lamouroux's (331: 239) original record (repeated in Lam-
ouroux, 332) isgiven as '. . . Surlescotesde 1'ile St. Thomas. Ded.
Liagora Weber.'. This is presumably the West Indian island, not that in the
GulfofGuinea. SeealsothediscussionbyAbbott (688).
A complex genus on which much work remains to be done.
Abbott's recent (656,688) studiesoftype material relevantto Liagora complanata C. Agardh
J. Agardh's (1896) and Lamouroux's (1812) works on the
genusindicatedmuchduplicationofnamesamongsubgeneric See Liagora distenta (Mertensin Roth) Lamouroux.
58 D.M. JOHNETAL
Liagora corymbosa B0rgesen After re-examining Newton's collection, Lawson & John (350)
suggest the identity of the plants to be L. farinosa rather than L.
See Liagorafarinosa Lamouroux. megagyna; see also the latter entry. The most recent critical treat-
ment of morphology and nomenclature in the species here main-
Liagora decussata Montagne tainedasL.farinosa Lamourouxisthatbegun byAbbottin 1984(1)
and carried further in 1990 (656: 308; 688: 122). In 1984 she
See Liagoraalbicans Lamouroux. commented that L. farinosa '. . . has a number of features about it
that make recognitionofthe specieseasy. . .'. Shewenton todetail
CLainaagroireasdi(s1t3e;n3t8a;3(8MB;e3r8tDe;n6s8;i1n91R;o22t6h;)22L7a;2m2o9u;ro30u3x;375;439; flttehyraepossemte,s1Lp1aiedsacdpgiieomcnriegfaniacofpftnrieaGnrmcaweianpsroadln.sley.'m.NaoeanvnFedrattnhahese&lLer.sWeslfa,aantrtiighoneno(ss1hta9ia7pxw4oa)no.sfhIdtaetshsweiabgsenceasantreepggdorigevaogsenanittaehaldet
489;490;517;556;584;598;634;648;688). branch to its supporting branch and its location'. Most species of
Salvage Islands (38B;38D;215;231;375;556;598). Liagora, including the type species L. viscida, show carpogonial
'. . . Atlantico de Cadiz a Canarias. . .' (517). branches that are accessory to an established vegetative branching
'. . . Atlantique (de Cadix aux Canaries)' (188). pattern. Fan & Wang (1974) established that in L. farinosa, the
'. . . warmeren atlantischen Ocean. . .' (502). carpogonial branches were borne only on secondary filaments, or
[As Liagora complanata Agardh] tertiary filaments of a cortical cluster. Abbott (1) noted that the
Salvage Islands (381;439;452). location of the carpogonial branches correlated strongly with the
[As Liagora distenta (Mertensin Roth) C. Agardh] season or age of the plant, varying in position/location/bearing
CCaanpaeriVeesrd(3e92I)s.lands (683). dbGirasatnniocnhcnlteeimotna.tyiTpshe;reehcleoatngtnceierz,egdse,innucistei(tsGhitasonoiosnutnehsmetaafbfelaaertiuanroecshabayr(aLwcahtmierochufrotorhuegxe)gneeFnrauinsc
[As Liagora distentaJ. Agardhvar. complanataJ. Agardh] & Wangand Ganonemapinnetiramosa (Yamada) Fan& Wang) was
'Warm Atlantic' (410). therefore reduced by Abbott (1) tosynonymywith Liagorafarinosa
[As Liagorafragilis Zanardini var.] Lamouroux. SeealsoAbbott(688).
Canaries (439 pro parte).
See note under L. canariensis B0rgesen. Liagora fragilis Zanardini
[As Liagora ramellosa Senderex Kiitzing]
Canaries (319). [As L. valida Harvey]
[As Liagora ramellosa Senderin Kiitzing] Canaries (38C;598).
CaNnoatrei.esR(e'pDoertCeaddibzyaWuexisCsacnhaerrie(s5.56). .f')ro(m89)t.he Salvage Islands C'.a.pe. wVearrdmeerIslpaanrdtss(o3f8C;t1h0e0;A1t8l3a;n1t9i1c;4a2n3;d59P8a;c6i5f2i)c.(Abbott,
solelyonthebasisoftheGil-Rodriguezetal. (231)record;notfound 1945). . .' (416).
by CANCAP Expeditions. Bornet himself (89: 105) indicated 'Le Note. See also under L. distenta (Mertens in Roth) Lamouroux
Liagora ramellosa ne me parait pas specifiquement distinct du L. andL. canariensisB0rgesen.
distenta'. See comment under L. distenta concerning the possible
identityoftheSalvageIslandrecord. Fordiscussionoftypematerial, Liagora gymnarthron B0rgesen
seeAbbott(688).
Canaries (38B;68;88;191;565;598).
Liagora elongata Zanardini [As L. gymnorthron B0rgesen]
Canaries (227).
See LiagorafarinosaLamouroux. [As Liagora cf. gymnarthron B0rgesen]
Salvage Islands (38B).
Liagora farinosa Lamouroux toNaoptper.oaFcehlLd.madnencu(s1s9a1t:a4M1o4)ntiandginceat(eAdnttihlalteLs)..gAyumdniafrftrherdon&apWpeeiasrss-
Canaries (1;16;18;68;80;191;227;229;230;372;416;564). cher'sSalvageIslandrecord(38B)isexpressedwithdoubtsincetheir
Cape Verde Islands (652;683;688). plant differed from Borgesen's description in having regularly
dichotomousbranchesdispersedaswellasalternate/decussateonthe
??PSrafoncTiopeme(3(5305;05;8568)6.). mReaiinne)axtehsi.siAscpcroorbdaibnlgytLo.Adbisbtoetntta.(pSeerse.aclsoomtmh.e etnotrPyrufodr'Lh.omamlbeicvaanns
'Seems to occurin allwarmerseas' (68). Lamouroux.
'. . . widespread in warm temperate and tropical seas'
(350;586).
Liagora megagyna B0rgesen
[As Liagoracorymbosa B0rgesen]
Salvage Islands (231). Principe (535).
[As Liagora elongata Zanardini] SaoTome (535).
Canaries (67;246;390;439;547). Note. Steentoft (535: 121) indicated that only a single plant in
[As Liagora megagyna B0rgesen] poorcondition was available to her. This was the Newton specimen
?Principe (535). from Principe; it is therefore not clearwhyshe gave only SaoTome
?SaoTome (535). astheAfricandistribution, butsee L.farinosaentry. Steentoft (535)
frNoomtet.heRBe0drgSeesaenand(6c8:on5f9i-r6m2e)dtehxeacmionmemdonLaimdoenutriotuyxo'fsL.sfpaerciinmoesna,s Linidaigcoartaedfartihantosahe(rq.vd.e)teisrmsiungagteisotnedmbuystLabwesorneg&arJdoehdna(s35u0n;ce5r8t6a)ina.s
L. elongata, L. cheyneanaandL. corymbosaasarathervariablebut themostlikelyidentityforthespecimen.
characteristicplant. Abbott (656: 308etseq.) hasconfirmed B0rges-
en'sconclusion. Steentoft (535)listedL. megagynarecordsfromSao Liagora perforata
sTpoemceimeannsdcPorlilneccitpeed.bTyheF.laNtetwertorne,corwdhowansevbearsevdisiotned ePxrsiinccciaptea An erroneous statement in Audiffred & Weisscher (38B: 19)
(Steentoft,pers.comm.)sopossiblytherewasamistakeonthelabel. regarding a 'host' of Champia parvula (C. Agardh) Harvey