Scotland in Revolution, 1685–1690

273 Pages·2018·3.944 MB·English

by  Alasdair Raffe

Scotland in Revolution, 1685–1690
In Memory of David Raffe, 1951–2015
Scotland in Revolution,
1685–1690
Alasdair Raffe
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© Alasdair Raffe, 2018
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Contents
List of Figures vi
Acknowledgements vii
Abbreviations and Conventions ix
Map: The Royal Burghs of Scotland in 1685 xii
Introduction: Scotland in Revolution, 1685–1690 1
1 King James’s Scotland 9
2 James’s Religious Experiment 31
3 Multiconfessional Scotland 56
4 James and the Royal Burghs 80
5 The Revolution in the Localities 106
6 The Revolution Settlement of 1689–1690 131
Conclusion: Revolutions, Settlements and Scotland’s
Political Development 157
Notes on the Sources 164
Notes 166
Bibliography 216
Index 248
Figures
1.1 By the King. A Proclamation (Edinburgh, 1687) 21
4.1 Earl of Perth to the magistrates and council of Kirkwall,
16 Sep. 1686 88
6.1 ‘The humble adres of the Nobelmen, Gentilmen and
Royal Borows, within the Shyre of east Lowthian’ 139
Acknowledgements
Though I have been reading and thinking about the revolution of
1688–90 for over fifteen years, I began the main research for this
book in the summer of 2013. My first archival trips were funded by
Northumbria University; I later received support from the University
of Edinburgh and a small grant from the Royal Society of Edinburgh. I
am grateful to these funders for allowing me to visit so many interesting
parts of Scotland.
In conducting my research, I depended on the assistance of many
librarians and archivists. Some made special arrangements for me to
read items in their care. I particularly appreciated the help of Anna
Louise Mason at Blair Castle, who photographed manuscripts for me
at very short notice. For permission to quote from privately owned
manuscripts, I am grateful to the earl of Moray and to Mr D. Maxwell
Macdonald.
Numerous colleagues offered suggestions, references and encour-
agement. Especially helpful were Aaron Allen, Karin Bowie, Thomas
Brochard, Gordon DesBrisay, Lionel Glassey, Julian Goodare, Mary
Hardy, Tim Harris, Alan MacDonald, David Onnekink, Ben Rogers,
Leona Skelton and Laura Stewart. Audiences at seminars and confer-
ences in Oxford, London and Edinburgh helped me to develop my inter-
pretations. Parts of Chapters 2 and 3 previously appeared in my article
‘James VII’s multiconfessional experiment and the Scottish revolution of
1688–1690’, History, 100 (2015), pp. 354–73. I am grateful to the editor
for permission to reproduce material here. For commenting on draft
chapters, I am indebted to Julian Goodare and Laura Stewart.
viii scotland in revolution, 1685–1690
As the book took shape, I was often in the mountains, finishing off the
Munros. The friends who accompanied me bore patiently my impromptu
lectures on King James – before tactfully changing the subject!
One of the satisfactions of publishing my first book, The Culture of
Controversy, was that my father read and appreciated it. Regretting
that he won’t read Scotland in Revolution, I dedicate it to his memory.
Abbreviations and Conventions
AA Angus Archives, by Forfar
ACAA Aberdeen City and Aberdeenshire Archives
AM Annan Museum
APES E. W. M. Balfour-Melville (ed.), An Account
of the Proceedings of the Estates in Scotland,
1689–1690, 2 vols (SHS, 1954–5)
APS Thomas Thomson and Cosmo Innes (eds),
Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, 12 vols
(Edinburgh, 1814–75)
AyA Ayrshire Archives, Ayr
Balcarres, Memoirs Colin Lindsay, earl of Balcarres, Memoirs
touching the Revolution in Scotland,
MDCLXXXVIII–MDCXC, ed. A. W. C.
Lindsay (Bannatyne Club, 1841)
BC Blair Castle, Blair Atholl
BL British Library, London
CAC Caithness Archive Centre, Wick
DCA Dundee City Archives
DGA Dumfries and Galloway Archives, Dumfries
DL Dumbarton Library
ECA Edinburgh City Archives
ELA East Lothian Archives, Haddington
ESTC English Short Title Catalogue
EUL Edinburgh University Library
Fasti Hew Scott, Fasti Ecclesiae Scoticanae: The
Succession of Ministers in the Church of
Scotland from the Reformation, rev. edn, 8 vols
(Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1915–50)