Scientifically Speaking - A Dictionary of Quotations

497 Pages·2000·1.63 MB·English

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Scientifically Speaking
A Dictionary of Quotations
www.IELTS4U.blogfa.com
About the Compilers
Carl C Gaither was born on 3 June 1944 in San Antonio, Texas. He has
conductedresearchworkfortheTexasDepartmentofCorrections,theLouisiana
Department of Corrections, and taught mathematics, probability, and statistics
at McNeese State University and Troy State University at Dothan. Additionally
he worked for ten years as an Operations Research Analyst. He received
his undergraduate degree (Psychology) from the University of Hawaii and
has graduate degrees from McNeese State University (Psychology), North East
Louisiana University (Criminal Justice), and the University of Southwestern
Louisiana(MathematicalStatistics).
Alma E Cavazos-Gaither was born on 6 January 1955 in San Juan, Texas. San
JuanhasthenameofabigcitybutinTexasit’sjustasmallbordertown. Shehas
previously worked in quality control, material control, and as a bilingual data
collector. Inadditiontocompilingthequotationsforthissciencequotationbook
series she is also an SK1 in the United States Navy Reserve. She received her
associatedegree(Telecommunications)fromCentralTexasCollegeandpresently
isworkingtowardaBAdegreewithamajorinSpanishandaminorinArt.
Together they selected and arranged quotations for the books Statistically
Speaking: A Dictionary of Quotations (Institute of Physics Publishing, 1996),
PhysicallySpeaking: ADictionaryofQuotationsonPhysicsandAstronomy(Institute
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of Physics Publishing, 1997), Mathematically Speaking: A Dictionary of Quotations
(Institute of Physics Publishing, 1998), Practically Speaking: A Dictionary of
Quotations on Engineering, Technology and Architecture (Institute of Physics
Publishing,1999)andMedicallySpeaking: ADictionaryofQuotationsonDentistry,
MedicineandNursing(InstituteofPhysicsPublishing,1999).
About the Illustrator
Andrew Slocombe was born in Bristol in 1955. He spent four years of his life
at Art College where he attained his Honours Degree (Graphic Design). Since
then he has tried to see the funny side to everything and considers that seeing
thefunnysidetosciencehastestedhimtothefull! HewouldliketothankCarl
andAlmaforthechallenge!
Scientifically Speaking
A Dictionary of Quotations
Selected and Arranged by
Carl C Gaither
and
Alma E Cavazos-Gaither
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Illustrated by Andrew Slocombe
Institute of Physics Publishing
Bristol and Philadelphia
(cid:1)c 2000IOPPublishingLtd
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
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of the publisher. Multiple copying is permitted in accordance with the terms
of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency under the terms of its
agreementwiththeCommitteeofVice-ChancellorsandPrincipals.
IOP Publishing Ltd has attempted to trace the copyright holders of all the
quotationsreproducedinthispublicationandapologizestocopyrightholdersif
permissiontopublishinthisformhasnotbeenobtained.
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AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
ISBN 075030636X
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataareavailable
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ProductionEditor: SimonLaurenson
ProductionControl: SarahPlenty
CommissioningEditor: JimRevill
CoverDesign: VictoriaLeBillon
MarketingExecutive: ColinFenton
Published by Institute of Physics Publishing, wholly owned by The Institute of
Physics,London
InstituteofPhysicsPublishing,DiracHouse,TempleBack,BristolBS16BE,UK
USOffice: InstituteofPhysicsPublishing,Suite1035,ThePublicLedgerBuilding,
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PrintedinGreatBritainbyJWArrowsmithLtd,Bristol
We respectfully dedicate this book to
Brenda and Stan Burt and family
Mike and Vickie Gould and family
In memeory of
Clifford C Gaither
(March 1, 1917–February 8, 2000)
Husband, Father, and Friend
You will be missed
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I vow to strive to apply my professional skills only to projects which,
after conscientious examination, I believe to contribute to the goal of
coexistence of all human beings in peace, human dignity and self-
fulfillment.
Ibelievethatthisgoalrequirestheprovisionofanadequatesupplyofthe
necessities of life (good food, air, water, clothing and housing, access to
natural and man-made beauty), education, and opportunities to enable
each person to work out for himself his life objectives and to develop
creativeness and skill in the use of hands as well as head.
I vow to struggle through my work to minimise danger; noise; strain
or invasion of privacy of the individual; pollution of earth, air or water;
destruction of natural beauty, mineral resources and wildlife.
Thring,Meredith
NewScientist
Scientist’sOath
January7,1971
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CONTENTS
PREFACE xi
ABSTRACTION 1
ADMINISTRATION OF SCIENCE 4
AESTHETICS 5
AGE OF SCIENCE 7
ANALOGY 9
ANSWER 11
wANTwI-SCwIEN.CEIELTS4U.blogfa.com12
APPLIED SCIENCE 14
AXIOMS 17
BEAUTY 18
BOOKS 20
CHAOS 22
COMMON SENSE 23
COMMUNICATION IN SCIENCE 26
CONCEPTS 30
DATA 31
DEFINITION 32
DISCOVERY 34
DOGMA 43
ERROR 45
ETHICS 47
EXPERIENCE 49
EXPERIMENT 52
FACTS 61
vii
viii SCIENTIFICALLY SPEAKING
FAILURE 67
FORMULA 68
FUNDING 70
GOD 71
HISTORY OF SCIENCE 74
HYPOTHESIS 80
IMAGINATION 85
INDUCTION 89
INFORMATION 90
INSTRUMENTS 92
INTUITION 94
INVENTION 95
IRRATIONAL 96
KNOWLEDGE 97
LANGUAGE 108
LAWS 110
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LITERATURE 113
LOGIC 116
MAGIC 118
MAN OF SCIENCE 121
MEASUREMENT 127
METAPHOR 130
METHOD 131
MYTH 136
OBSERVATION 138
OCCAM’S RAZOR 141
PARADIGM 143
PARADOX 144
PRAYER 145
PREDICTION 146
PROBABLE ERROR 148
PROBLEMS 149
PROGRESS OF SCIENCE 152
PROOF 159
CONTENTS ix
PROPOSITIONS 162
PUBLICATIONS 163
QUESTIONS 165
REALITY 168
REASON 170
RELATIONS 172
RESEARCH 174
RULES 180
SAVANT 181
SCIENCE 182
SCIENCE AND ART 258
SCIENCE AND FREEDOM 263
SCIENCE AND GOD 264
SCIENCE AND MORALS 266
SCIENCE AND PHILOSOPHY 269
SCIENCE AND POETRY 273
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SCIENCE AND POLITICS 275
SCIENCE AND RELIGION 277
SCIENCE AND WOMEN 291
SCIENTIFIC 294
SCIENTIFIC GLOSSARY 307
SCIENTIFIC PAPERS 309
SCIENTIST 311
SOLUTION 330
TECHNOLOGY 331
TEMPLE OF SCIENCE 333
THEORY 335
TRUTH 342
UNDERSTANDING 351
BIBLIOGRAPHY 352
PERMISSIONS 389
SUBJECT BY AUTHOR INDEX 395
AUTHOR BY SUBJECT INDEX 453