Science with Large Millimetre Arrays: Proceedings of the ESO-IRAM-NFRA-Onsala Workshop, Held at Garching, Germany 11–13 December 1995

418 Pages·1996·41.48 MB·English

by  Malcolm S. Longair (auth.)

ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
European Southern Observatory
Series Editor: Philippe Crane
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
Peter A. Shaver (Ed.)
Science with
Large Millimetre
Arrays
Proceedings of the ESO-IRAM-NFRA-Onsala
Workshop, Held at Garching, Germany
11-13 December 1995
Springer
Volume Editor
Peter A. Shaver
European Southern Observatory
Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2
0-85748 Garching, Germany
email: [email protected]
Series Editor
Philippe Crane
European Southern Observatory
Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2
0-85748 Garching. Germany
Cataloging-in-Publication data applied for
Science with large millimetre arrays : proceedings o[ the ESO
IRAM NFRA Onsala workshop, held at Garching, Germany, 11
- 13 December 1995 / Peter A. Shaver (ed.). - Berlin;
Heidelberg; New York; Barcelona; Budapest; Hong Kong;
London; Milan; Paris; Santa Clara; Singapore; Tokyo:
Springer, 1996
(FSO astrophysics symposia)
NE: Shaver, Peter A. [Hrsg.]; European Southern Observatory
ISBN 978-3-662-22395-6 ISBN 978-3-540-69999-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-69999-6
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Preface
The next major step in millimetre astronomy, and one of the highest-priority
items in radio astronomy today, is a large millimetre array with a collecting area
of up to 10 000 m2. A project of this scale will almost certainly require inter
national collaboration, at least within Europe, and possibly with other major
partners elsewhere. In order to establish a focal point for this project within
Europe, a study has been undertaken by the Institut de Radio Astronomie Mil
Ii met rique (IRAM), the European Southern Observatory (ESO), The Onsala
Space Observatory (OSO), and The Netherlands Foundation for Research in
Astronomy (NFRA). In the context of this project, a workshop attended by
some 100 participants was held at ESO Garching on December 11-13, 1995 to
discuss the scientific advances such an array will make possible.
Throughout the three days of the workshop the strong enthusiasm for the
concept of a large millimetre array in the southern hemisphere (the Large South
ern Array, or LSA) was obvious, and it became clear that such a facility would
have a profound impact on almost all areas of observational astrophysics. It
was particularly clear that, since their main science drivers (cosmology, and the
origins of galaxies, stars and planets) are the same, and their angular resolutions
and sensitivities similar, the LSA and the VLT would strongly complement each
other. The LSA was repeatedly described as the "millimetre equivalent of the
liST and the VLT". It is hoped that this enthusiasm is fully conveyed in these
proceedings, and that these activities will ultimately lead to the realization of
the LSA itself.
It is a pleasure to acknowledge the input from the Scientific Organizing
Committee: P. Andreani (Padova), R. Booth (Onsala), L. Bronfman (Santiago),
D. Downes (IRAM), P. Encrenaz (Paris), M. Grewing (IRAM), S. Guilloteau
(IRAM), R. Hills (Cambridge), F. Israel (Leiden), L.-A. Nyman (SEST), E.
van Dishoeck (Leiden), F. Viallefond (Paris), J. Whiteoak (Culgoora), and T.
Wilson (Bonn). I would also like to thank the participants for helping to make
this workshop such a success, the ESO fellows and students for their assistance
during the meeting, Pamela Bristow for her help with these proceedings, and
especially Christina Stoffer for her indispensable role in the organization of all
aspects of the workshop.
European Southern Observatory Peter Shaver
Garching, June 1996
Contents
1. Introduction
Millimetre Astronomy in the 21st Century ........................... 3
M. S. Longair
A 10000m2 Southern MM Array ..................................... 16
D. Downes
2. Science with Large Millimetre Arrays
(a) Extragalactic Astronomy and Cosmology
The Nature and Observability of Protogalaxies ..................... 33
S.D.M. White
Observability of Early Evolutionary Phases of Galaxies
at mm Wavelengths .............. ........... .............. ............. 43
C. deZotti, P. Mazzei, A. Franceschini, L. Danese
Studying High Redshift Starburst Galaxies with a Large
(Sub )millimetre Array ........................ ......................... 51
P.P. van der Wer!, F.P. Israel
Deep Surveys with a Large Submillimetre Array ...... .............. 61
M. Rowan-Robinson, C. Pearson
The LSA and Galaxy Surveys ......................................... 70
A. W. Blain
The LSA and Gravitational Lensing ........................... .. .. ... 74
A. W. Blain
Primordial Molecules .................................................. 78
P. Encrenaz, R. Maoli
1.3 mm Detection and Mapping of R.adioquiet QSOs
at Very High z ........ .................. ...... .......................... 82
A. Omont
VIII
Molecular Lines in Absorption (and Emission)
from Distant Galaxies and Quasars ................................... 86
T. Wiklind, F. Combes
Millimeter-VLHI with a Large Millimeter Array:
Future Possibilities ..................................................... 95
T.P. Krichbaum
The Variable Microwave Continuum of Radio-Loud AGN ......... 103
S.l. Wagner
Millimeter Radiation from Normal Galaxies and AGN ............ 108
R. Chini, E. K riigel
Submillimetre Observations of Low Ionization HAL Quasars ..... 114
D. Clements, A. Baker, P. Francis
Dynamical Studies of Spiral Galaxies ............................... 117
F. Combes
Kinematics and Distribution of Molecular Gas
in Galaxy Nuclei ...................................................... 125
L.l. Tacconi, R. Genzel
Star Formation and Molecular-Gas Dynamics in Galaxies
with the Nobeyama Array and LSA ........................... : ..... 133
S. Ishizuki
Radio Recombination Lines from External Galaxies ............... 137
F. VialleJond
Molecular Gas in Early-Type Galaxies .............................. 144
C. Henkel, T. Wiklind, F. Wyrowski, F. Combes
Magellanic Cloud Studies with Large mm Arrays .................. 154
F.P. Israel
Will the LSA Detect Continuum or Line Emission
from AGE Stars in the LMC? ....................................... 164
M. Groenewegen
(b) Galactic and Solar System Studies
High-Resolution Submm and MIR Imaging of the Central
Parsec of the Milky Way ............................................. 168
P.G. Mezger
New Evidence for Interaction of a Molecular Cloud/HII
Region with the G359.54+0.18 Nonthermal Filaments ............ 173
J. Staguhn, J. Stutzki, F. YuseJ-Zadeh, I<. I. Uchida
IX
Galactic Molecular Clouds ........................................... 177
T.L. Wilson, R.A. Gaume, KJ. Johnston, J. Schmid-Burgk
Millimeter-Wave Absorption Spectroscopy
of Molecular Clouds ................................................... 185
R. Lucas
Astrochemistry ........................................................ 193
P. Schilke, M. Walmsley
Abundance and Origin of Galactic Water ........................... 202
R. Mauersberger, P. Gensheimer, T.L. Wilson
Interferometric Observations of Sagittarius B2:
Evidence for Grain Chemistry ....................................... 206
Y-J. Kuan, L.E. Snyder, Y Miao, D.M. Mehringer
A Hot Ring in the Sgr B2 Molecular Cloud ........................ 210
J. Martin-Pintado, P. de Vicente, T.L. Wilson, R. Gaume
High-Density Filaments in the Photodissociation Region
(PDR) Associated with NGC 7023 .................................. 214
1. Martin-Pintado, A. Fuente
Searching for Star Formation Regions ............................... 218
M. Felli
Infrared and mm Data for Class I Candidates ...................... 222
M. Osterloh, T. Henning, R. Launhardt
Observations of Young Stellar Objects with Large
Millimeter-Wave Arrays .............................................. 226
S. V. W. Beckwith
Protoplanetary Disks ................................................. 235
A. Dutrey
Observations of Bipolar Molecular Outflows with Large
Millimeter Arrays ..................................................... 243
R. Bachiller
Accretion and Outflow in a Protostellar System
in Corona Australis ................................................... 251
J. Harju, I.M. Anderson
Masers at Millimeter and Submillimeter Wavelengths ............. 256
KM. Menten
Millimeter Recombination Lines from Dense Envelopes
Around Young Stars .................................................. 264
C. Thum, J. Wink
x
Millimeter Continuum Observations of Stars ....................... 268
R. Pallavicini, S.M. White
AGB Star Envelopes as Probes of Stellar Evolution
and Time-Dependent Chemistry ..................................... 276
M. Guelin, R. Lucas, R. Neri
CO Observations of Short Period Miras ............................ 286
M. Groenewegen, F. Baas, J. Blommaert, E. Josselin, R.P.J. Tilanus
Planetary Nebulae .................................................... 290
P. Cox
Supernovae with the Large Southern Array ........................ 298
C. Fransson
Study of Planetary Atmospheres .................................... 308
A. Marten
Asteriods and Comets: The Prospect for Observations
with a Large Millimetre Array ....................................... 316
J. Crovisier
An Extension of the European Millimetre VLBI Network:
Plans for a mm Radiotelescope in Greece ........................... 326
J.H. Seiradakis
Science with Large Millimetre Telescopes ........................... 330
W.F. Wall, L. Carrasco
3. A Large Millimetre Array in the Southern Hemisphere
The Synergy Between a Large Southern Array and the Very
Large Telescope of ESO ............................................... 337
J. Lequeux
A European Study Project for a Southern Millimetre Array ..... 340
R.S. Booth
Large Southern Array: Feasibility ................................... 345
S. Guilloteau
On the Imaging Efficiency, Speed, and Sensitivity
of Millimetre Arrays .................................................. 353
A. Baudry
Site Survey for a Large Southern Array ............................ 358
A. OMrola, G. Delgado, L. Baath