Table Of Content

Science Experiments – Class VIII This document has a list of experiments to assist students to strengthen basics, understand and relate science to their day to day life. Most of the experiments listed are as per the prescribed curriculum of Karnataka State Secondary 8th standard. Youth for Seva INDEX NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Upright coin 4 2. Spinner 4 3. Balloon rocket 5 DESCRIBING MOTION: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Rotating stone 5 ENERGY AND ITS FORMS: Sl.No. Experiment Page number 1. Stone and paper 5 2. Changing inclinations 6 LIGHT Sl.No. Experiment Page number 1. Pinhole cardboard 6 2. Ray diagrams 7 3. Mirror images 7 4. Add sugar, bend light 8 5. Total reflection 8 6. Fiber optics 8 7. Imagining images 9 8. Light experiments 9 9. Simple rainbow 9 10. Multiple images 10 COMMUNICATION GADGETS: Sl.No. Experiment Page number 1. Rope ripple 10 2. Straw waves 10 3. Dynamic wave model 11 Page 2 of 17 Youth for Seva BEYOND THE EARTH: Sl.No. Experiment Page number 1. Sun, earth and moon model 11 2. Basic astronomy 11 3. Spin of earth 12 4. Celestial craters 12 5. Phases of moon 12 6. Constellations viewer 12 WORLD OF SOUNDS: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Production of sounds 13 2. Propogation of sounds 13 3. Table thunder 14 4. Bell jar experiment 14 HEAT: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Expansion of air 14 2. Phat-phat boat 15 3. Expansion of warm air 15 4. Ball and ring experiment 15 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Human digestive system 16 STATES OF MATTER: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Molecular arrangement 16 Page 3 of 17 Youth for Seva NEWTONS LAWS OF MOTION 1. Name of the experiment Upright coin Purpose / Objective To demonstrate inertia Concept to explain When the paper is pulled slowly, the coin falls. When the paper is pulled quickly, the coin does not fall. This is due to inertia. The coin tends to remain in its previous position. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/inertiacoin.html experiment number) Section Newton unplugged 2. Name of the experiment Spinner Purpose / Objective To demonstrate Newtons second law of motion Second law: The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to, and in the same direction as, the net force acting on the body, and inversely proportional to its mass. Thus, F = ma, where F is the net force acting on the object, m is the mass of the object and a is the acceleration of the object. Concept to explain When air is blown through the straw, the force applied in blowing the air is converted into acceleration of the spinning straw. And as Force=mass*acceleration, lighter the mass and greater the force applied, greater the acceleration. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/sspinner.html experiment number) Section Newton Unplugged Page 4 of 17 Youth for Seva 3. Name of the experiment Balloon Rocket Purpose / Objective To demonstrate Newtons third law of motion Concept to explain Energy spent in blowing the air into balloon is stored in the balloon as potential energy. When end of balloon is opened, there is equal and opposite force exerted from the balloon converting potential energy into kinetic energy Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/balloonrocket.html experiment number) Section Newton unplugged DESCRIBING MOTION: 1. Name of the experiment Rotating stone Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the direction of velocity in circular motion. Concept to explain The direction of velocity of any object in circular motion is always tangential to the circular path in which the object is moving. Steps (if not available in Take a thick and long thread and tie it around a stone. arvindguptatoys) : Hold the free end of the thread and rotate the stone fast. After a few rotations, when sufficient speed has been acquired, let go the thread. Observe the direction of motion of the stone. For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number) Page 5 of 17 Youth for Seva ENERGY AND ITS FORMS: 1. Name of the experiment Stone and paper Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the dependence of kinetic on the mass of an object. Concept to explain Kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass of an object. Steps (if not available in Take a stone and drop it from a given height. arvindguptatoys) : Notice the speed with which it reaches the ground. Repeat the same with a paper. Notice the difference in the speeds. For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number) 2. Name of the experiment Changing inclinations Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the dependence of kinetic energy on the velocity of an object. Concept to explain Kinetic energy of any body is directly proportional to the square of the velocity with which an object is moving. Steps (if not available in Take an inclined plane and place an object a small distance arvindguptatoys) : from the plane near the slope. Take another object and allow it to slide freely on the plane. This object hits the stationary object and it moves a certain distance away. Now decrease the inclination of the plane and once again slide the object. When this object hits the stationary object the distance moved by it decreases because of lesser force and thereby lesser kinetic energy. For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number) Page 6 of 17 Youth for Seva LIGHT: 1. Name of the experiment Pinhole carboard Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the rectilinear propogation of light. Concept to explain Light always travels in straight lines. Steps (if not available in Take three cardboards of the same size and a candle. arvindguptatoys) : Make pinholes on the cardboard at exactly the centre. Make the cardboards stand vertically with some distance in between. Light the candle and place it near the pinhole such that the light passes through one of the cardboard. Observe the other end of the cardboard away from the candle. If the position of any of the three cardboards is altered, candle flame cannot be observed. For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number) 2. Name of the experiment Ray Diagrams Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the effect of plain, convex and concave mirror on a beam of light. Concept to explain In case of a plain mirror the incident light rebounces on the same path. In case of a convex mirror, the rays diverge. In case of a concave mirror,the rays converge at focus. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/raydiagram.html experiment number) Section Page 7 of 17 Youth for Seva 3. Name of the experiment Mirror images Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the nature of image produced by concave and convex mirrors. Concept to explain A concave mirror forms an inverted image. A convex mirror forms an erect image. Steps (if not available in Take a neat steel spoon. arvindguptatoys) : Observe the nature of image of your face formed on either sides of the spoon. For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number) Section 4. Name of the experiment Add Sugar Bend Light Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the cause for refraction. Concept to explain Bending of light when it passes through density gradient Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/Addsugarben experiment number) dlight.html Section Fun with Light 5. Name of the experiment Total Reflection Purpose / Objective Light – Reflection and Refraction Concept to explain Demonstrate the concept of total internal reflection and refraction Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/refraction.refl experiment number) ection.html Section Fun with Light Page 8 of 17 Youth for Seva 6. Name of the experiment Fiber Optics Purpose / Objective Application of total internal reflection Concept to explain An optical fibre works on the principle of total internal reflection. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/fiberoptics.ht experiment number) ml Section Fun with Light 7. Name of the experiment Imagining Images Purpose / Objective Refraction of light through curved transparent medium. Concept to explain Nature of images formed by concave and convex lenses. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/imaginingima experiment number) ges.html Section Fun with Light 8. Name of the experiment Light Experiments Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the effect of various optical materials in the path of light. Concept to explain Explains the concepts of reflection and refraction. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/lightexp.html experiment number) Section Fun with Light Page 9 of 17 Youth for Seva 9. Name of the experiment Simple Rainbow Purpose / Objective Dispersion of light Concept to explain Explain formation of Rainbow through dispersion of light Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/rainbow.html experiment number) Section Fun with Light 10. Name of the experiment Multiple images Purpose / Objective To demonstrate some interesting effects of reflection Concept to explain Explains the formation of multiple images using two mirrors,by varying the angle between them. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/multipleimag experiment number) es.html Section Fun with Light COMMUNICATION GADGETS 1. Name of the experiment Rope Ripple Purpose / Objective Waves Concept to explain To show wavelength, frequency etc Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/roperipple.ht experiment number) ml another link which explain various concepts http://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/qa_gp_ls.html Section Magic Miscellany Page 10 of 17

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Science Experiments Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number)
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Science Experiments – Class VIII This document has a list of experiments to assist students to strengthen basics, understand and relate science to their day to day life. Most of the experiments listed are as per the prescribed curriculum of Karnataka State Secondary 8th standard. Youth for Seva INDEX NEWTON’S LAWS OF MOTION: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Upright coin 4 2. Spinner 4 3. Balloon rocket 5 DESCRIBING MOTION: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Rotating stone 5 ENERGY AND ITS FORMS: Sl.No. Experiment Page number 1. Stone and paper 5 2. Changing inclinations 6 LIGHT Sl.No. Experiment Page number 1. Pinhole cardboard 6 2. Ray diagrams 7 3. Mirror images 7 4. Add sugar, bend light 8 5. Total reflection 8 6. Fiber optics 8 7. Imagining images 9 8. Light experiments 9 9. Simple rainbow 9 10. Multiple images 10 COMMUNICATION GADGETS: Sl.No. Experiment Page number 1. Rope ripple 10 2. Straw waves 10 3. Dynamic wave model 11 Page 2 of 17 Youth for Seva BEYOND THE EARTH: Sl.No. Experiment Page number 1. Sun, earth and moon model 11 2. Basic astronomy 11 3. Spin of earth 12 4. Celestial craters 12 5. Phases of moon 12 6. Constellations viewer 12 WORLD OF SOUNDS: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Production of sounds 13 2. Propogation of sounds 13 3. Table thunder 14 4. Bell jar experiment 14 HEAT: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Expansion of air 14 2. Phat-phat boat 15 3. Expansion of warm air 15 4. Ball and ring experiment 15 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Human digestive system 16 STATES OF MATTER: Sl.No Experiment Page number 1. Molecular arrangement 16 Page 3 of 17 Youth for Seva NEWTONS LAWS OF MOTION 1. Name of the experiment Upright coin Purpose / Objective To demonstrate inertia Concept to explain When the paper is pulled slowly, the coin falls. When the paper is pulled quickly, the coin does not fall. This is due to inertia. The coin tends to remain in its previous position. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/inertiacoin.html experiment number) Section Newton unplugged 2. Name of the experiment Spinner Purpose / Objective To demonstrate Newtons second law of motion Second law: The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to, and in the same direction as, the net force acting on the body, and inversely proportional to its mass. Thus, F = ma, where F is the net force acting on the object, m is the mass of the object and a is the acceleration of the object. Concept to explain When air is blown through the straw, the force applied in blowing the air is converted into acceleration of the spinning straw. And as Force=mass*acceleration, lighter the mass and greater the force applied, greater the acceleration. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/sspinner.html experiment number) Section Newton Unplugged Page 4 of 17 Youth for Seva 3. Name of the experiment Balloon Rocket Purpose / Objective To demonstrate Newtons third law of motion Concept to explain Energy spent in blowing the air into balloon is stored in the balloon as potential energy. When end of balloon is opened, there is equal and opposite force exerted from the balloon converting potential energy into kinetic energy Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/balloonrocket.html experiment number) Section Newton unplugged DESCRIBING MOTION: 1. Name of the experiment Rotating stone Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the direction of velocity in circular motion. Concept to explain The direction of velocity of any object in circular motion is always tangential to the circular path in which the object is moving. Steps (if not available in Take a thick and long thread and tie it around a stone. arvindguptatoys) : Hold the free end of the thread and rotate the stone fast. After a few rotations, when sufficient speed has been acquired, let go the thread. Observe the direction of motion of the stone. For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number) Page 5 of 17 Youth for Seva ENERGY AND ITS FORMS: 1. Name of the experiment Stone and paper Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the dependence of kinetic on the mass of an object. Concept to explain Kinetic energy is directly proportional to the mass of an object. Steps (if not available in Take a stone and drop it from a given height. arvindguptatoys) : Notice the speed with which it reaches the ground. Repeat the same with a paper. Notice the difference in the speeds. For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number) 2. Name of the experiment Changing inclinations Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the dependence of kinetic energy on the velocity of an object. Concept to explain Kinetic energy of any body is directly proportional to the square of the velocity with which an object is moving. Steps (if not available in Take an inclined plane and place an object a small distance arvindguptatoys) : from the plane near the slope. Take another object and allow it to slide freely on the plane. This object hits the stationary object and it moves a certain distance away. Now decrease the inclination of the plane and once again slide the object. When this object hits the stationary object the distance moved by it decreases because of lesser force and thereby lesser kinetic energy. For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number) Page 6 of 17 Youth for Seva LIGHT: 1. Name of the experiment Pinhole carboard Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the rectilinear propogation of light. Concept to explain Light always travels in straight lines. Steps (if not available in Take three cardboards of the same size and a candle. arvindguptatoys) : Make pinholes on the cardboard at exactly the centre. Make the cardboards stand vertically with some distance in between. Light the candle and place it near the pinhole such that the light passes through one of the cardboard. Observe the other end of the cardboard away from the candle. If the position of any of the three cardboards is altered, candle flame cannot be observed. For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number) 2. Name of the experiment Ray Diagrams Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the effect of plain, convex and concave mirror on a beam of light. Concept to explain In case of a plain mirror the incident light rebounces on the same path. In case of a convex mirror, the rays diverge. In case of a concave mirror,the rays converge at focus. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/raydiagram.html experiment number) Section Page 7 of 17 Youth for Seva 3. Name of the experiment Mirror images Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the nature of image produced by concave and convex mirrors. Concept to explain A concave mirror forms an inverted image. A convex mirror forms an erect image. Steps (if not available in Take a neat steel spoon. arvindguptatoys) : Observe the nature of image of your face formed on either sides of the spoon. For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number) Section 4. Name of the experiment Add Sugar Bend Light Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the cause for refraction. Concept to explain Bending of light when it passes through density gradient Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/Addsugarben experiment number) dlight.html Section Fun with Light 5. Name of the experiment Total Reflection Purpose / Objective Light – Reflection and Refraction Concept to explain Demonstrate the concept of total internal reflection and refraction Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/refraction.refl experiment number) ection.html Section Fun with Light Page 8 of 17 Youth for Seva 6. Name of the experiment Fiber Optics Purpose / Objective Application of total internal reflection Concept to explain An optical fibre works on the principle of total internal reflection. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/fiberoptics.ht experiment number) ml Section Fun with Light 7. Name of the experiment Imagining Images Purpose / Objective Refraction of light through curved transparent medium. Concept to explain Nature of images formed by concave and convex lenses. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/imaginingima experiment number) ges.html Section Fun with Light 8. Name of the experiment Light Experiments Purpose / Objective To demonstrate the effect of various optical materials in the path of light. Concept to explain Explains the concepts of reflection and refraction. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/lightexp.html experiment number) Section Fun with Light Page 9 of 17 Youth for Seva 9. Name of the experiment Simple Rainbow Purpose / Objective Dispersion of light Concept to explain Explain formation of Rainbow through dispersion of light Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/rainbow.html experiment number) Section Fun with Light 10. Name of the experiment Multiple images Purpose / Objective To demonstrate some interesting effects of reflection Concept to explain Explains the formation of multiple images using two mirrors,by varying the angle between them. Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/multipleimag experiment number) es.html Section Fun with Light COMMUNICATION GADGETS 1. Name of the experiment Rope Ripple Purpose / Objective Waves Concept to explain To show wavelength, frequency etc Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) Class 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/toys/roperipple.ht experiment number) ml another link which explain various concepts http://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/qa_gp_ls.html Section Magic Miscellany Page 10 of 17

Description:
Science Experiments Steps (if not available in arvindguptatoys) : For Class (8,7 or 6) 8 Reference to arvindguptatoys (section and experiment number)
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