Schooling Islam THE CULTURE AND POLITICS OF MODERN MUSLIM EDUCATION PDF
Preview Schooling Islam THE CULTURE AND POLITICS OF MODERN MUSLIM EDUCATION
Schooling Islam This content downloaded from 130.95.106.69 on Sat, 03 Nov 2018 05:07:34 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms PRINCETONSTUDIESINMUSLIMPOLITICS DaleF.EickelmanandAugustusRichardNorton,Editors DianeSingerman,AvenuesofParticipation:Family,Politics,and NetworksinUrbanQuartersofCairo ToneBringa,BeingMuslimtheBosnianWay:IdentityandCommunity inaCentralBosnianVillage DaleF.EickelmanandJamesPiscatori,MuslimPolitics BruceB.Lawrence,ShatteringtheMyth:IslambeyondViolence ZibaMir-Hosseini,IslamandGender:TheReligiousDebateinContemporaryIran RobertW.Hefner,CivilIslam:MuslimsandDemocratizationinIndonesia MuhammadQasimZaman,TheUlamainContemporaryIslam: CustodiansofChange MichaelG.Peletz,IslamicModern:ReligiousCourtsand CulturalPoliticsinMalaysia OskarVerkaaik,MigrantsandMilitants:Fun,Islam,andUrban ViolenceinPakistan LaetitiaBucaille,GrowingupPalestinian:IsraeliOccupation andtheIntifadaGeneration RobertW.Hefner,editor,RemakingMuslimPolitics: Pluralism,Contestation,Democratization LaraDeeb,AnEnchantedModern:GenderandPublicPietyinShi‘iLebanon JohnR.Bowen,WhytheFrenchDon’tLikeHeadscarves:Islam, theState,andPublicSpace RoxanneL.Euben,JourneystotheOtherShore:Muslimand WesternTravelersinSearchofKnowledge RobertW.HefnerandMuhammadQasimZaman,editors,SchoolingIslam: TheCultureandPoliticsofModernMuslimEducation This content downloaded from 130.95.106.69 on Sat, 03 Nov 2018 05:07:34 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Schooling Islam THE CULTURE AND POLITICS OF MODERN MUSLIM EDUCATION EDITED BY Robert W. Hefner and Muhammad Qasim Zaman PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD This content downloaded from 130.95.106.69 on Sat, 03 Nov 2018 05:07:34 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Copyright(cid:148)2007byPrincetonUniversityPress [ifnon-PUPc/r]Requestsforpermissiontoreproducematerialfromthisworkshouldbe senttoPermissions,PrincetonUniversityPress PublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet,Princeton,NewJersey08540 IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,3MarketPlace,Woodstock, OxfordshireOX201SY AllRightsReserved LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-Publication SchoolingIslam:thecultureandpoliticsofmoderneducation/editedby RobertW.HefnerandMuhammadQasimZaman. p.cm.—(PrincetonstudiesinMuslimpolitics) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN-13:978-0-691-12932-7(cl.:alk.paper) ISBN-10:0-691-12932-0(cl.:alk.paper) ISBN-13:978-0-691-12933-4(pbk.:alk.paper) ISBN-10:0-691-12933-9(pbk.:alk.paper) 1.Islamicreligiouseducation.2.Madrasahs.3.Islamandpolitics.4.Religion andpolitics.5.Religionandculture.6.Comparativeeducation. I.Hefner,RobertW.,1952–II.Zaman,MuhammadQasim.III.Series. BP44.S382007 297.7(cid:99)7—dc22 2006016930 BritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailable ThisbookwasprintedinpartthroughthegenerosityofthePewCharitableTrusts ThisbookhasbeencomposedinSabon Printedonacid-freepaper.(cid:102) pup.princeton.edu PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica 10987654321 This content downloaded from 130.95.106.69 on Sat, 03 Nov 2018 05:07:34 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Contents Acknowledgments vii ANoteonTransliterationandSpelling ix Contributors xi CHAPTER1 Introduction:TheCulture,Politics,andFutureofMuslim EducationRobertW.Hefner 1 CHAPTER2 MadrasasMedievalandModern:Politics,Education,andthe ProblemofMuslimIdentityJonathanP.Berkey 40 CHAPTER3 TraditionandAuthorityinDeobandiMadrasasofSouthAsia MuhammadQasimZaman 61 CHAPTER4 MadrasasandMinoritiesinSecularIndiaBarbaraMetcalf 87 CHAPTER5 The“Recentering”ofReligiousKnowledgeandDiscourse:TheCase ofal-AzharinTwentieth-CenturyEgyptMalikaZeghal 107 CHAPTER6 MadrasasinMorocco:TheirVanishingPublicRole DaleF.Eickelman 131 CHAPTER7 IslamandEducationinSecularTurkey:StatePoliciesandthe EmergenceoftheFethullahGu¨lenGroupBekimAgai 149 CHAPTER8 PesantrenandMadrasa:MuslimSchoolsandNationalIdealsin IndonesiaAzyumardiAzra,DinaAfrianty,andRobertW.Hefner172 CHAPTER9 TheTransformationofMuslimSchoolinginMali:TheMadrasaas anInstitutionofSocialandReligiousMediationLouisBrenner 199 This content downloaded from 130.95.106.69 on Sat, 03 Nov 2018 05:08:12 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms vi • Contents CHAPTER10 IslamicEducationinBritain:ApproachestoReligiousKnowledge inaPluralisticSocietyPeterMandaville 224 CHAPTER11 Epilogue:CompetingConceptionsofReligiousEducation MuhammadQasimZaman 242 Index 269 This content downloaded from 130.95.106.69 on Sat, 03 Nov 2018 05:08:12 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms Acknowledgments THIS BOOK is a product of the second of two Working Groups on the Muslimworld sponsoredby thePewCharitable Trustsand theInstitute on Culture, Religion, and World Affairs at Boston University. The first WorkingGroup metover2002–2003, inaneffort toassess thevarieties ofMuslimpoliticsandongoingeffortstowarditscivic-pluralistreforma- tion. The second Working Group, from which this book emerged, met in Boston during October 2004 and May 2005, in an effort to bring a comparative and interdisciplinary eye to bear on the past, present, and likelyfutureofIslamiceducation. Neither of these two projects would have been possible without the generoussupportofLuisLugoatthePewCharitableTrusts,andPeterL. Berger, the director of the Institute on Culture, Religion, and World Af- fairs at Boston University. From the beginning of our discussions, both men recognizedthe importance ofIslamic education forMuslim culture andpolitics,aswellastheneedtotakepublicdiscussionofIslamiceduca- tionbeyondthemonochromaticportraitsfamiliarinpopularmedia.We thankbothmenfortheirgeneroussupportoftheproject. WealsowanttothankFredAppelatPrincetonUniversityPress,forhis unflagging intellectual energy and his support of both Working Group projects. Finally we would like to thank Mentor Mustafa at Boston University andLaodeArhamattheCenterfortheStudyofHumanRightsinYogya- karta,Indonesia,forhelpinguswithimportanttasksduringthefinaledit- ingofthebook. This content downloaded from 130.95.106.69 on Sat, 03 Nov 2018 05:08:38 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms This page intentionally left blank This content downloaded from 130.95.106.69 on Sat, 03 Nov 2018 05:08:38 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms A Note on Transliteration and Spelling THECONTRIBUTORStothisvolumedrawonabroadarrayoflanguages, with their particular conventions of transliteration and spelling. In the interestofsomedegreeofconsistency,wehavekeptthetransliterationof non-Englishtermstoaminimum.Withtheexceptionofthe‘toindicate the Arabic letter ‘ayn (as in shari‘a) and ’ to indicate the hamza (as in Qur’an), we have dispensed with diacritical marks in this volume. The hamza is, moreover, indicated only when it occurs within a word (as in Qur’an) but not when it comes at the end (thus ‘ulama rather than ‘ulama’). Theterm“madrasa”isspelledinmanydifferentwaysinEnglish(e.g., madrasah;madrassa;madrassah,etc.).Itwascommonlyrenderedasme´- dersainFrenchWestAfricaandisspelledasmedreseinTurkish.Wehave retainedtheTurkishspellinginchapterseven,buthaveotherwiseadopted “madrasa”asourpreferredspelling.Wehavealsoretained,whenneces- sary,certainotherspellingscommonlyusedinEnglish-languagematerials inparticularcontexts,e.g.,“Darul-Uloom”ratherthan“Daral-‘ulum.” With the exception, principally, of the term “‘ulama” (singlular: ‘alim), wehaveusuallyindicatedthepluralformofArabictermswiththeaddi- tionofanstothesingularform,thus“madrasas”ratherthan“madaris,” “fatwas”ratherthan“fatawa,”etc. Finally,certainwordsthatoccurveryfrequentlythroughoutthevolume (e.g.,madrasa,‘ulama,andshari‘a)arenotitalicized.Othernon-English wordsareusuallyitalicizedonlyattheirfirstoccurence. 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