Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy PDF
Preview Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Taylor & Francis Taylor & Francis Group http://taylorandfrancis.com Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy Third Edition Edited by Allen J. Bard and Michael V. Mirkin Third edition published 2022 by CRC Press 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 and by CRC Press 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC First edition published by CRC Press 2001 Second edition published by CRC Press 2012 Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. 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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Bard, Allen J., editor. | Mirkin, Michael V., 1961- editor. Title: Scanning electrochemical microscopy / edited by Allen J. Bard, Michael V. Mirkin. Description: Third edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor and Francis, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2021055250 | ISBN 9780367430566 (hardback) | ISBN 9781032248776 (paperback) | ISBN 9781003004592 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Scanning electrochemical microscopy. Classification: LCC QH212.S28 S32 2022 | DDC 502.8/2--dc23/eng/20211207 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021055250 ISBN: 978-0-367-43056-6 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-24877-6 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-00459-2 (ebk) DOI: 10.1201/9781003004592 Typeset in Times by KnowledgeWorks Global Ltd. Contents Preface to the Third Edition ................................................................................................................................................vii Contributors ..........................................................................................................................................................................ix Chapter 1 Introduction and Principles ..............................................................................................................................1 Allen J. Bard Chapter 2 Tip Preparation and Instrumentation for Nanoscale Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy .......................11 Jiyeon Kim and Kevin C. Leonard Chapter 3 Scanning Electrochemical Microscopic Imaging ..........................................................................................33 Kevin C. Leonard, Tess Seuferling, Jiyeon Kim, and Fu-Ren F. Fan Chapter 4 Theory ............................................................................................................................................................65 Michael V. Mirkin and Yixian Wang Chapter 5 Heterogeneous Electron-Transfer Reactions ................................................................................................105 Shigeru Amemiya Chapter 6 Electrocatalysis and Surface Interrogation ..................................................................................................127 Hyun S. Ahn, Cynthia G. Zoski, and Allen J. Bard Chapter 7 Nanoscale SECM .........................................................................................................................................155 Xiang Wang, Gaukhar Askarova, and Michael V. Mirkin Chapter 8 Molecular Transport in Membranes .............................................................................................................181 Mei Shen and Shigeru Amemiya Chapter 9 Potentiometric Probes ..................................................................................................................................207 Guy Denuault, Geza Nagy, and Klara Tóth Chapter 10 Biotechnological Application of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy ...................................................243 Benjamin R. Horrocks and Gunther Wittstock Chapter 11 Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy of Living Cells ..............................................................................297 Changyue Du, Thilini Suduwella, Isabelle Beaulieu, Steen B. Schougaard, and Janine Mauzeroll Chapter 12 Surface Reactions and Films ........................................................................................................................331 Jean-Marc Noël and Philippe Hapiot Chapter 13 SECM Techniques for Locally Interrogating the Photocatalytic Activity of Semiconducting Materials for Solar-Driven Chemical Transformations ................................................................................361 Caleb M. Hill and Shanlin Pan v vi Contents Chapter 14 Micro and Nanopatterning: Using Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy (SECM) ..................................379 Daniel Mandler Chapter 15 Micro and Nanopipettes for Electrochemical Imaging and Measurement ..................................................419 Kristen Alanis, Sasha Elena Alden, Lane Allen Baker, Edappalil Satheesan Anupriya, Henry David Jetmore, and Mei Shen Chapter 16 Application to Batteries and Fuel Cells ........................................................................................................481 Zachary T. Gossage, Kendrich O. Hatfield, Yuanya Zhao, Raghuram Gaddam, Dipobrato Sarbapalli, Abhiroop Mishra, and Joaquín Rodríguez-López Chapter 17 Hybrid Scanning Electrochemical Techniques: Methods and Applications ................................................513 Christine Kranz and Christophe Demaille Chapter 18 Additional Recent Applications and Prospects ............................................................................................581 Andreas Lesch, Allen J. Bard, and Hubert H. Girault Index ..................................................................................................................................................................................599 Preface to the Third Edition A decade that has passed since the publication of the sec- The vitality and growing popularity of SECM during ond edition of this book has witnessed the transformation 30+ years are largely determined by its versatility and of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) from capability to remain useful in the changing scientific and an emerging electroanalytical methodology to a well- technological environments. New applications reported established technique widely employed in high-resolution during the last decade reflect significant current activity studies of chemical and biological systems. The number in biomedical and energy-related research. Six new chap- of publications in this field has greatly increased, and ters in this book describe recent advances in nanoSECM their focus has changed from technique development to (Chapter 7), molecular transport in membranes (Chapter 8), real-world applications. SECM has been employed as an surface reactions and films (Chapter 12), photoelectrochem- electrochemical tool to study heterogeneous charge trans- istry and photoelectrocatalysis (Chapter 13), nanopipette- fers and electrocatalytic processes, for high-resolution based techniques (Chapter 15), and batteries and fuel cells imaging of various substrates, including biological cells, (Chapter 16). Although we did not intend to present even a and for nanofabrication. Recent methodological advances brief survey of these diverse areas of research, each chapter have greatly increased the capacity of SECM to charac- provides sufficient details to allow a specialist to evaluate terize interfaces at the nanoscale and to obtain molecular- the applicability of SECM for solving a specific problem. level chemical information. We think the time has come To cover these topics and keep the new edition to a manage- for a new edition of this monograph, which would provide able size, it was necessary to omit several chapters from the up-to-date comprehensive reviews of different aspects second edition, including those focused on coupled homo- of SECM. geneous reactions, corrosion, and electrochemistry at the All chapters in this edition are either new or thor- liquid/liquid interface. Interested readers should still be oughly updated. Chapters 1–4 contain experimental and able to access this material. theoretical background, which is essential for everyone In closing, we would like to thank our students, cowork- working in this field. Chapter 1 covers the principles of ers, and colleagues who have done so much to develop SECM measurements, Chapter 2 deals with instrumenta- SECM. The future for this technique, which is unique tion and preparation of SECM probes, Chapter 3 describes among scanning probe methods in its quantitative rigor and imaging methodologies, and Chapter 4 deals with theory. in its ability to study with ease samples in liquid environ- Other chapters are dedicated to specific applications and ments, continues to be a bright one. are self-contained. Although some knowledge of elec- trochemistry and physical chemistry is assumed, the key ideas discussed are at a level suitable for beginning gradu- ate students. Allen J. Bard Michael V. Mirkin vii Taylor & Francis Taylor & Francis Group http://taylorandfrancis.com Contributors Hyun S. Ahn Changyue Du Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry Yonsei University McGill University Seoul, Korea Montréal, Québec, Canada Kristen Alanis Fu-Ren F. Fan Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Indiana University The University of Texas at Austin Bloomington, IN, USA Austin, TX, USA Sasha Elena Alden Raghuram Gaddam Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry Indiana University University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Bloomington, IN, USA Urbana, IL, USA Shigeru Amemiya Hubert H. Girault Department of Chemistry, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne University of Pittsburgh Lausanne, Switzerland Pittsburgh, PA, USA Zachary T. Gossage Edappalil Satheesan Anupriya Department of Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Urbana, IL, USA Urbana, IL, USA Philippe Hapiot Gaukhar Askarova Université de Rennes Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Rennes, France Queens College, The City University of New York Flushing, NY, USA Kendrich O. Hatfield Department of Chemistry Lane Allen Baker University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Department of Chemistry Urbana, IL, USA Texas A&M University College Station, TX, USA Caleb M. Hill Department of Chemistry Allen J. Bard University of Wyoming Center for Electrochemistry Laramie, WY, USA The University of Texas at Austin Austin, TX, USA Benjamin R. Horrocks School of Chemistry Isabelle Beaulieu Newcastle University Department of Chemistry Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom McGill University Montréal, Québec, Canada Henry David Jetmore Christophe Demaille Department of Chemistry Université de Paris University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign Paris, France Urbana, IL, USA Guy Denuault Jiyeon Kim School of Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Southampton University of Rhode Island Southampton, United Kingdom Kingston, RI, USA ix
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