Same Sex Couples - Comparative Insights on Marriage and Cohabitation PDF
Preview Same Sex Couples - Comparative Insights on Marriage and Cohabitation
Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice 42 Macarena Sáez Editor Same Sex Couples - Comparative Insights on Marriage and Cohabitation Ius Gentium Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice Volume 42 SeriesEditors MortimerSellers,UniversityofBaltimore JamesMaxeiner,UniversityofBaltimore BoardofEditors MyroslavaAntonovych,Kyiv-MohylaAcademy NadiadeAraújo,PontificalCatholicUniversityofRiodeJaneiro JasnaBakšic-Muftic,UniversityofSarajevo DavidL.CareyMiller,UniversityofAberdeen LoussiaP.MusseFélix,UniversityofBrasilia EmanuelGross,UniversityofHaifa JamesE.Hickey,Jr.,HofstraUniversity JanKlabbers,UniversityofHelsinki CláudiaLimaMarques,FederalUniversityofRioGrandedoSul AnicetoMasferrer,UniversityofValencia EricMillard,WestParisUniversity GabriëlMoens,CurtinUniversity RaulC.Pangalangan,UniversityofthePhilippines RicardoLeitePinto,LusíadaUniversityofLisbon MizanurRahman,UniversityofDhaka KeitaSato,ChuoUniversity PoonamSaxena,UniversityofDelhi GerrySimpson,LondonSchoolofEconomics EduardSomers,UniversityofGhent XinqiangSun,ShandongUniversity TadeuszTomaszewski,WarsawUniversity JaapdeZwaan,ErasmusUniversityRotterdam Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/7888 Macarena Sáez Editor Same Sex Couples - Comparative Insights on Marriage and Cohabitation 123 Editor MacarenaSáez WashingtonCollegeofLaw AmericanUniversity Washington DistrictofColumbia USA ISSN1534-6781 ISSN2214-9902 (electronic) IusGentium ISBN978-94-017-9773-3 ISBN978-94-017-9774-0 (eBook) DOI10.1007/978-94-017-9774-0 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015938908 SpringerDordrechtHeidelbergNewYorkLondon ©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaDordrecht2015 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof thematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation, broadcasting,reproductiononmicrofilmsorinanyotherphysicalway,andtransmissionorinformation storageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublication doesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevant protectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthisbook arebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorsor theeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespecttothematerialcontainedhereinorforany errorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade. Coverdesign:eStudioCalamar,Berlin/Figueres Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerScience+BusinessMediaB.V.DordrechtispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www. springer.com) Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................. 1 MacarenaSáez 2 AndtheStoryComestoanEnd:TheConstitutionality ofSame-SexMarriagesinSpain ........................................... 13 JoséMaríaLorenzoVillaverde 3 Same-SexUnionsinMexico:BetweenTextandDoctrine............... 49 EstefaníaVelaBarba 4 Same-SexMarriageintheUnitedStates.................................. 85 MacarenaSáez 5 Marriage Between Two. Changing and Unchanging ConceptsofFamily:TheCaseofLGBTIRightsLitigation onFamilyIssuesinColombia .............................................. 105 NataliaRamírez-Bustamante 6 Same-SexRelationshipsandIsraeliLaw.................................. 131 AyeletBlecher-Prigat 7 Same-SexMarriageintheCommonwealthCaribbean: IsItPossible?................................................................. 163 ToniHolness 8 LegalStatusofSame-SexCouplesWithintheFramework ofTurkishCivilLaw......................................................... 189 Bas¸akBas¸og˘lu v About the Authors Estefanía Vela Barba is an Associate Professor and Head of the Sexual and Reproductive Rights Area of the Law Division at the Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económica, CIDE, in Mexico. Professor Vela Barba holds a law degree fromInstitutoTecnológicoAutónomodeMéxico,ITAM,inMexico,andanLL.M. fromYaleLawSchoolintheUnitedStates. Dr. Bas¸ak Bas¸og˘lu is Assistant Professor of Civil Law at Istanbul Kemerburgaz University, Faculty of Law. She received her law degree and JD from Istanbul University and her LL.M. in business law degree from Istanbul Bilgi University. Shespecializesandpublishesintheareasoffamilylaw,contractlaw,international saleslaw,tortlawandenvironmentallaw. Dr.AyeletBlecher-Prigat isamemberoftheLawFacultyattheSha’areyMishpat Law College in Israel, and co-manages its Center for the Rights of the Child and the Family. She is a co-editor of the Family in Law journal, a peer-reviewed interdisciplinaryjournal(inHebrew).Dr.Blecher-PrigatholdsaJSDandanLL.M. (Kentscholar1999)degreefromColumbiaLawSchoolintheUnitedStates,andan LL.B.(magnacumlaude)fromTel-AvivUniversityinIsrael.BeforejoiningIsrael’s Bar, Dr. Blecher-Prigat clerked for Israeli Supreme Court Justice Strasberg-Cohen (1997–1998). Her research interests are family law and inheritance law, and she haspublishedvariousarticlesontheseissuesinleadingjournalswithinandoutside Israel. ToniHolness isaPublicPolicyAssociatewiththeAmericanCivilLibertiesUnion (ACLU)ofMaryland,UnitedStates.BeforejoiningtheACLU,Ms.Holnesswasa StaffAttorneywithMarylandLegalAidandaGeorgetownUniversityLawCenter Women’sLawandPublicPolicyFellow.SheisagraduateofTempleUniversityin the United States, where she completed a JD and a Master of Arts in Economics. She completed her undergraduate degree at the University of Pennsylvania in the UnitedStates. vii viii AbouttheAuthors Natalia Ramírez-Bustamante is an attorney, philosopher and a Masters of Law fromtheUniversityoftheAndesinColombia.SheisanSJDcandidateatHarvard Law School. Her fields of interest include critical legal theory, labor law, gender issuesandsocialchangeandlawreform. MacarenaSáez isaFellowinInternationalLegalStudiesandtheFacultyDirector oftheImpactLitigationProjectatAmericanUniversityWashingtonCollegeofLaw, in the United States. She teaches in the areas of family law, comparative law, and internationalhumanrights.ProfessorSáezholdsalawdegreefromtheUniversity ofChileSchoolofLaw,andanLL.M.fromYaleLawSchoolintheUnitedStates. José María Lorenzo Villaverde is from Galicia, Spain, where he completed his studies in law and journalism at the University of Santiago the Compostela. He is a PhD candidate at the University of Copenhagen, writing on comparative family law and the legal recognition of same-sex couples in Spain and Denmark. He was a Researcher at Leiden Law School with the EU funded project “FamiliesAnd- Societies,” focusing on a questionnaire on comparative family law among several European countries. His main areas of interest are family law, sexual orientation law,legalcultureandprivateinternationallawinfamilymatters. Chapter 1 Introduction MacarenaSáez Abstract This chapter summarizes the legal developments of same-sex couples analyzed in the following chapters. It shows that a global discussion on same-sex couples’ recognition has sparked discussionson theroleofmarriage and thelegal conceptofthefamilyevenincountrieswheresame-sexcouplesarestillinvisible. Until the end of the twentieth century marriage was the only union considered legitimate to form a family. Today more than 40 countries have granted rights to samesexcouples,includingatleast19thathaveincludedsame-sexmarriagewithin their family law systems.1 Every day there is a new bill being discussed or a new claimbeingbroughttocourtseekingformalrecognitionofsame-sexcouplesorof familiesformedbyindividualsofthesamesex. This worldwide trend is creating new rights for individuals of diverse sexual orientationsandgenderidentities.Incountrieswheremarriagehasbeengrantedto same-sexcouples,awholenewsetofruleshasemerged.Immigrationregulations, tax statutes, inheritance rights, adoption, surrogacy, and presumption of paternity favoring the husband are some of the areas that have been deeply changed by same-sex marriage. These legal changes have benefited thousands of gays and lesbians who now have access to rights and benefits traditionally exclusive to the heterosexualmarriedfamily. 1BySeptemberof2014same-sexmarriagewasavailableinArgentina,Belgium,Brazil,Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, South Africa,Spain,Sweden,UnitedKingdom,Uruguay,partsoftheUnitedStates,andpartsofMexico. Foreignsame-sexmarriageswererecognizedinIsrael.Civilunionsorsomepartnershipagreement modelwasavailableforsame-sexcouplesatleastinAustralia,Austria,Colombia,Croatia,Czech Republic,Ecuador,Germany,Hungary,Ireland,Lichtenstein,Slovenia,Venezuela. M.Sáez((cid:2)) WashingtonCollegeofLaw,AmericanUniversity,MassachusettsAve.N.W.4801, Washington,DC20016,USA e-mail:[email protected] ©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaDordrecht2015 1 M.Sáez(ed.),SameSexCouples-ComparativeInsightsonMarriageand Cohabitation,IusGentium:ComparativePerspectivesonLawandJustice42, DOI10.1007/978-94-017-9774-0_1
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