Saintly Spheres and Islamic Landscapes: Emplacements of Spiritual Power Across Time and Place

551 Pages·2020·16.484 MB·English

by  Daphna Ephrat, Ethel Sara Wolper, Paolo G Pinto

Saintly Spheres and Islamic Landscapes
Daphna Ephrat, Ethel Sara Wolper, and Paolo G. Pinto - 978-90-04-44427-0
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Handbook of Oriental Studies
Handbuch der Orientalistik
Section one
The Near and Middle East
Edited by
Maribel Fierro (Madrid)
M. Şükrü Hanioğlu (Princeton)
Renata Holod (University of Pennsylvania)
Florian Schwarz (Vienna)
volume 147
The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ho1
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Saintly Spheres
and Islamic Landscapes
Emplacements of Spiritual Power
across Time and Place
Edited by
Daphna Ephrat
Ethel Sara Wolper
Paulo G. Pinto
LEIDEN | BOSTON
Daphna Ephrat, Ethel Sara Wolper, and Paolo G. Pinto - 978-90-04-44427-0
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Cover illustrations: Front: Yoff Layene in Dakar, Senegal, showing the mausoleum of the founder (right)
and the spring of blessed water (pavilion on the left). Photo by Eric Ross (Reproduced with permission
by Eric Ross); Back: Samma cluster, ca. late 14th–early 16th century, Makli Necropolis. Photo by Fatima
Quraishi (Reproduced with permission by Fatima Quraishi).
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Ephrat, Daphna, editor. | Wolper, Ethel Sara, 1960– editor. | Pinto,
 Paulo Gabriel Hilu da Rocha, editor.
Title: Saintly spheres and Islamic landscapes : emplacements of spiritual
 power across time and place / edited by Daphna Ephrat, Ethel Sara
 Wolper, Paulo G. Pinto.
Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, [2021] | Series: Handbook of oriental
 studies. Section one, the Near and Middle East, 0169–9423 ; volume 147 |
 Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2020039072 (print) | LCCN 2020039073 (ebook) | ISBN
 9789004443655 (hardback) | ISBN 9789004444270 (ebook)
Subjects: LCSH: Islamic shrines. | Muslim saints—Cult. | Cultural
 landscapes—Islamic countries.
Classification: LCC BP187.52 .S25 2021 (print) | LCC BP187.52 (ebook) |
 DDC 297.3/5—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020039072
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020039073
Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface.
ISSN 0169-9423
ISBN 978-90-04-44365-5 (hardback)
ISBN 978-90-04-44427-0 (e-book)
Copyright 2021 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi,
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This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner.
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Contents
List of Figures and Maps ix
A Note on Transliteration, Names, and Translation xiii
Introduction: History and Anthropology of Sainthood and Space in
Islamic Contexts 1
Daphna Ephrat, Ethel Sara Wolper, Paulo G. Pinto
PART 1
Creation and Revitalization
1 The Creation of Spheres of Spiritual Domination and Sanctity
in Medieval Syrian Landscapes: Hagiographical Narratives and
Historical Legacies 35
Daphna Ephrat
2 The Creation and Institutionalization of the Sufi Landscape in Medieval
Upper Egypt 63
Nathan Hofer
3 The Cult of Saints and Shrine Architecture: The Making of Funeral
Centers of Devotion in the Medieval Muslim West 90
Bulle Tuil Leonetti
4 A Saint “On the Move”: Traces in the Evolution of a Landscape
of Religious Memory in the Balkans 117
Sara Kuehn
5 The “Shrinescapes” and Narrative Traditions of Khoja Ishaq
Khuttalani 149
Jo-Ann Gross
6 Encountering Saints in the Hallowed Ground of a Regional Landscape:
The “Description of Khwārazm” and the Experience of Pilgrimage
in Nineteenth-Century Central Asia 183
Devin DeWeese
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vi Contents
PART 2
Spatial Formation and the Power of Place
7 Building Activity and Sufi Networks in Anatolia 221
Ethel Sara Wolper
8 Situating Iraqi Shrine Cities within the Alevi-Bektashi Sacred
Landscape: Networks of Saintly Families Linking Anatolia to Karbala
and Najaf in the Ottoman Era 248
Ayfer Karakaya-Stump
9 “This is Makkah for Me!” Devotion in Architecture at the
Makli Necropolis  270
Fatima Quraishi
10 “He who is the wondrous green dome is Ali”: The Relationship between
Narratives of the Prophet Muhammad’s Ascension and the Communal
Religious Architecture of the Alevis 301
Angela Andersen
11 Bombay Mystical City: Muslim Shrines and Saints in the Urban Fabric
from 1800 to Present 335
Alexandre Papas
12 Senegal’s Sufi Cities: Places beyond the State 366
Eric Ross
PART 3
Transformation and Globalization
13 Shifting Spheres along the Hajj Route from West Africa: The Case
of the Tijaniyya during the Colonial Period 397
Irit Back
14 The Entire Land is My Lodge: Naqshbandi Responses to the Challenges
of Modernity and Globalization 417
Itzchak Weismann
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Contents vii
15 Charisma’s Reach: Spiritual Travel and Material Flows in a Sufi
Saint’s Wilayat 437
Pnina Werbner
16 “Diasporizing” Sainthood: Shaykh Ahmed, a Syrian ʿAlawi Saint
in Argentina 457
Silvia Montenegro
17 Territories of Memory: Ritual and Dreams in the Making
of a Contemporary Syrian Saint 487
Paulo G. Pinto
Index of Topics, Terms, and Book Titles 511
Index of Persons and Places 526
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Figures and Maps
1.1.1, 1.1.2 The shrine (maqam) of Shaykh Arslan al-Dimashqi (photos by
Daniel Demeter/Syrian Photo Guide) 39
1.2 Sufi lodges in mid-fourteenth-century Damascus (map by Daphna Ephrat) 43
1.3 The Levant around the mid-thirteenth century (map by Daphna Ephrat) 49
1.4 Sufi lodges in mid-fourteenth-century Jerusalem (map by Daphna Ephrat) 55
1.5 The zawiya in Dayr al-Shaykh (Wikipedia.org) 57
2.1 Villages and trade routes in Upper Egypt (Cartographer: Daniel
Quintanilla) 66
3.1 Map of North Africa (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 92
3.2 Diras ibn Ismaʿil’s mausoleum, Fes (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 94
3.3 Abu Jida’s mosque, Fes (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 95
3.4 Abu Bakr b. al-ʿArabi’s mausoleum, Fes (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 96
3.5 Ibn Hirzihim’s mausoleum, Fes (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 97
3.6 Abu Madyan’s complex, Tlemcen (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 98
3.7 Abu Ishaq al-Tayyar’s mausoleum, Tlemcen (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 99
3.8 Al-Hulwi’s mosque, Tlemcen (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 100
3.9 Muhriz b. Khalaf’s mausoleum, Tunis (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 101
3.10 Abu Saʿid’s complex, Tunis (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 102
3.11 Diras b. Ismaʿil’s stele, Fes (© Bulle Tuil Leonetti) 107
4.1 “Rediscovered” footprints of right foot of Sari Saltuq (left) and of the right
foot of the 16th-century grand master Balim Sultan of the Bektashi Sufi order
(right), tekke complex of the Albanian Kryegjysh Reshat Bardhi, Saranda,
southern Albania (photo by Sara Kuehn) 118
4.2 Tekke complex of the Albanian Kryegjysh Reshat Bardhi, Saranda, southern
Albania (photo by Sara Kuehn) 119
4.3 Inside the türbe of Sari Saltuq, Blagaj Tekke, Blagaj near Mostar, present-day
Bosnia-Herzegovina (photo by Sara Kuehn) 133
4.4 Cave of Sari Saltuq on Mount Sari Saltuq (Mali i Sari Salltëkut), Kruja, northern
Albania (photo by Sara Kuehn) 134
4.5 Pilgrims collecting pebbles as relics, Cave of Sari Saltuq on Mount Sari Saltuq,
Kruja, northern Albania (photo by Sara Kuehn) 136
4.6 Maqam with the footprint of Sari Saltuq in a small forest between Fushkruja
and Kruja, northern Albania (photo by Sara Kuehn) 137
4.7 Footprint of Sari Saltuq in a small forest between Fushkruja and Kruja,
northern Albania (photo by Sara Kuehn) 138
4.8 Print of Sari Saltuq, maqam with the footprint of Sari Saltuq in the small forest
between Fushkruja and Kruja, northern Albania (photo by Sara Kuehn) 140
Daphna Ephrat, Ethel Sara Wolper, and Paolo G. Pinto - 978-90-04-44427-0
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x Figures and Maps
4.9 St. Spyridon, Icon, 1500 to 1600, Museum of Byzantine Culture, Thessaloniki,
Greece (photo: public domain) 141
5.1 Shrine of Khoja Ishaq Khuttalani (photo by Jo-Ann Gross) 151
5.2 Grave of Khoja Ishaq Khuttalani (photo by Jo-Ann Gross) 152
6.1 Entrance to the Pahlvān Maḥmūd shrine complex, Khiva (photo by
Devin DeWeese) 192
6.2 The shrine of Sayyid ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn, Khiva (photo by Devin DeWeese) 193
6.3 Interior of the Üch Awliya shrine, Khiva (photo by Devin DeWeese) 194
6.4 The shrine of Ismamut Ata (photo by Devin DeWeese) 197
6.5 The shrine of Najm al-Dīn Kubrā, Köneurgench (photo by Devin
DeWeese) 199
6.6 The shrine of Najm al-Dīn Kubrā, Köneurgench (photo by Devin
DeWeese) 199
6.7 The shrine of “Fakhr al-Dīn Rāzī,” Köneurgench (photo by Devin
DeWeese) 200
6.8 The shrine of “Shaykh Sharaf” (Tekish), Köneurgench (photo by
Devin DeWeese) 201
6.9 The shrine of “Tura-bek Khanïm,” Köneurgench (photo by Devin
DeWeese) 202
6.10 The shrine of Ḥakīm Ata and Sayyid Ata, north of Qongrat (photo by
Devin DeWeese) 203
6.11 Map of Khwārazm (Adapted by Eric Ross from Map No. 33, “Khorezm
in the 18th–19th Centuries,” in Yuri Bregel, An Historical Atlas of Central
Asia (Leiden: Brill, 2003); (used by permission) 204
7.1 Tokat, map of lodge locations and major monuments (map by Eric Ross) 228
7.2 Citadel area with restored Abu Shams lodge in foreground (photo by
Ethel Wolper) 229
7.3 Sünbül Baba lodge entrance portal (photo by Ethel Wolper) 233
7.4 Tokat, Halef Gazi lodge facade (photo by Ethel Wolper) 235
9.1 Samma cluster, ca. late 14th–early 16th century, Makli Necropolis (photo by
Fatima Quraishi) 271
9.2 Tomb of Jam Nizam al-Din 915/1509–10, Makli Necropolis (photo by
Fatima Quraishi) 276
9.3 Central Enclosure of the Tomb of Mirza ʿIsa Khan Tarkhan I,
Makli Necropolis (photo by Fatima Quraishi) 280
9.4 Tomb Complex of ʿIsa Khan Tarkhan II, 1062/1651–2, Makli Necropolis
(photo by Fatima Quraishi) 286
9.5 Cenotaph, Rabiʿ ul Awwal 967/1558 or Rabiʿ ul Awwal 977/1569 (possible death
date from partially legible date inscribed on the cenotaph), Makli Necropolis
(photo by Fatima Quraishi) 290
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