Saint-Simonians in Nineteenth-Century France: From Free Love to Algeria

252 Pages·2013·1.75 MB·English

by  Pamela Pilbeam (auth.)

Saint-Simonians in Nineteenth-Century France
AlsobyPamelaPilbeam
MADAMETUSSAUDANDTHEHISTORYOFWAXWORKS
FRENCHSOCIALISTSBEFOREMARX:Workers,WomenandtheSocialQuestion
inFrance
THECONSTITUTIONALMONARCHYINFRANCE,1814–48
Saint-Simonians in
Nineteenth-Century France
From Free Love to Algeria
Pamela Pilbeam
ProfessorEmeritusofFrenchHistory,RoyalHolloway,UniversityofLondon
©PamelaPilbeam2013
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Contents
ListofIllustrations viii
Preface ix
Introduction 1
1 ANewGenerationPlanningforaGoldenAge 5
2 ReligionandtheLiberationofthePoorestClasses 25
3 TheCostofFreeLove 44
4 ReconfiguringNewWorlds 69
5 TransnationalReformers 82
6 Egypt:OrientalismandModernisation 104
7 Algeria1830–1848:ConquestandExploration 130
8 ProlétairesintoPropriétaires:ThePromisedLand,1848 154
9 UrbainandtheArabEmpire 173
10 Conclusion:RememberingtheSaint-Simonians 187
Notes 194
Bibliography 217
Index 239
vii
Illustrations
1 HenrideSaint-Simon.CollectionImages,Bibliothèque
nationaledeFrance(BNF) 7
2 Saint-AmandBazardjointleader.CollectionImages,
BibliothèquenationaledeFrance(BNF) 14
3 Saint-Simonianwomenworkers,CollectionImages,Bibliothèque
nationaledeFrance(BNF) 32
4 Enfantin‘Pope’ofSaint-SimonianReligion,CollectionImages,
BibliothèquenationaledeFrance(BNF) 54
5 TheMonksofMénilmontantDoingtheHousework,Collection
Images,BibliothèquenationaledeFrance(BNF) 55
6 SuzanneVoilquin,‘daughterofthepeople’,CollectionImages,
BibliothèquenationaledeFrance(BNF) 118
7 RouteforSuezCanal,LinantdeBellefonds,CollectionImages,
BibliothèquenationaledeFrance(BNF) 128
8 Algérie,Algérie.ÉmileBarrault’sposter,encouragingworkers
tobecomecolonists,SpecialCollections,UniversityofLondon 159
viii
Preface
The Saint-Simonians would be over the moon that books are still being
written about them. I thank their library, the Arsenal, the Centre des
archivesd’outre-mer(CAOM),Aix-en-Provence,andtheBibliothèqueThiers
for the courtesy, accuracy and speed of their staff, and the elegant and
civilised surroundings in which one is privileged to work. I am also
grateful to the Archives nationales, Bibliothèque historique de la ville de
Paris and the Archives départementales de la Loire-Inférieure. Most of all,
I thank the anonymous team at the Bibliothèque nationale de France for
the fantastic and expanding collection of digitised material available at
the touch of a keypad, and also the Special Collections, University of
LondonLibrary,forbeginningthedigitisationoftheKressandGoldsmiths’
Collections.
ThisbookcouldnothavebeenwrittenwithouttheawardofanEmeritus
ResearchFellowshipbytheLeverhulmeTrust;Iamverygratefultothemfor
their confidencein me, which allowedme todo far more research in more
archives and libraries in France than would otherwise have been possible.
ThankyoualsototheCentralResearchFund,UniversityofLondon,forsup-
port in my research in the Arsenal library and to the British Academy and
theHistoryDepartmentatRoyalHolloway,whomadeitpossibleformeto
give a research paper at the XIVth George Rudéseminar on French History
andCivilisationinMelbournein2004.MygratefulthankstoDrJamesLees
and the Scouloudi Foundation Publications Award, Institute of Historical
Research,andtoDrCliveBurgessandtheIsobelThornleyTrust,University
ofLondon,forfinancingmyillustrations.
I am very appreciative of the comments by colleagues on papers I have
given at conferences in Paris, Châteauroux, Melbourne and at the Society
fortheStudyofFrenchHistoryconferencesinBritain.Undergraduatesand
postgraduates at Royal Holloway and Birkbeck College, departmental sem-
inars at Birkbeck College, and Historical Association audiences have tested
me with searching questions. I am extremely grateful to Dr Helen Davies
for helping me gain some understanding of Saint-Simonian ideas on bank-
ing. My chapter on transnational reformers is enriched by the advice of
Dr Megan Bowman. I thank Dr Laura O’Brien and Dr Christopher Guyver
forveryusefultipsonmaterialon1848.Myanonymousreadersandeditors,
JennyMcCall,HollyTylerandCherlineDanielatPalgravetriedtokeepme
ix