Saint Michael The Archangel In Medieval English Legend PDF
Preview Saint Michael The Archangel In Medieval English Legend
Saint Michael the Archangel in Medieval English Legend AlthoughthereexistsavastbodyofscholarlyworkonStMichaeltheArch- angel,thisbookisthefirstcomprehensivestudyofthegenesisanddiffusionof thelegendsofthearchangelinmedievalEngland.PartIofthisstudyidentifies andanalyzestheconcerns,conflicts,androleswithwhichStMichaelisassoci- atedfromscripturalandapocryphalliteraturethroughthehomileticliterature of the medieval period. Part II begins with a discussion of the vernacular recensions of the popular account of the archangel’s earthly interventions (BHL5948).AcloseexaminationofthelegendaryaccountsinOldEnglish, Anglo-Norman,andMiddleEnglishofthearchangelinhisrolesasguardian, intercessor,psychopomp,andwarrior-angelfollows.TheAppendicescontain thefirstEnglishtranslationofthearchangel’shagiographicfoundation-myth (BHL 5948); an annotated bibliographic list and motif index of textual materialsrelatingtothearchangel;andanessayontheiconographicrepresen- tations of the archangel in medieval England. DRRICHARDF.JOHNSONisAssistantProfessorofEnglishatWilliamRainey Harper College. He is also Chair of the Humanities Department and Co-Coordinator of International Studies and Programs at the college. Saint Michael the Archangel in Medieval English Legend Richard F. Johnson THE BOYDELL PRESS © Richard F. Johnson 2005 All Rights Reserved.Except as permitted under current legislation no part of this work may be photocopied, stored in a retrieval system, published, performed in public, adapted, broadcast, transmitted, recorded or reproduced in any form or by any means, without the prior permission of the copyright owner The right of Richard F. Johnson to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 First published 2005 The Boydell Press, Woodbridge ISBN 1 84383 128 7 The Boydell Press is an imprint of Boydell & Brewer Ltd PO Box 9, Woodbridge, Suffolk IP12 3DF, UK and of Boydell & Brewer Inc. 668 Mt Hope Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620, USA website: www.boydellandbrewer.com A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Johnson, Richard F. (Richard Freeman), 1961– Saint Michael the Archangel in medieval English legend / Richard F. Johnson. p. cm. Summary: “A study of the representations of St. Michael in the liturgy, literature, and iconography of the period” – Provided by publisher. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1–84383–128–7 (alk. paper) 1. Michael (Archangel) – Cult – England – History – To 1500. 2. England – Religious life and customs. 3. Michael (Archangel) – Legends – History and criticism. 4. Legends, Christian – England – History and criticism. I. Title. BT968.M5J64 2005 235'.3 – dc22 2004025427 This publication is printed on acid-free paper Typeset by Pru Harrison, Hacheston, Suffolk Printed in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham, Wiltshire Contents List of Tables vi Acknowledgements ix Abbreviations xi Introduction 1 Part I. Genesis and Migration of the Legends 1. Literary Origins of the Archangel’s Legendary Roles 9 2. The Archangel’s Legendary History 31 Part II. The Archangel in Medieval English Legend 3. Vernacular Versions of the Hagiographic Foundation-Myth 49 4. The Archangel as Guardian and Psychopomp 71 5. The Archangel and Judgment 87 Conclusion 105 Appendices A. Text and Translation ofBHL5948 109 B. The Michael Inventory 116 C. The Motif Index 137 D. Saint Michael in Medieval English Iconography 140 Bibliography 149 Index 171 Tables 1. Summary of St. Michael’s roles in the Latin Transitus Mariae B tradition 29 2. Summary of anomalous archangel roles in the Assumption narratives 79 For Silas, Ellie, Nate, and Blair Acknowledgements This work began some ten years ago as research toward the preparation of my doctoraldissertation.Duringthattimeandsince,Ihavereceivedmuchhelpfrommany quarters.Themembersofmydissertationcommittee,ProfessorCatherineA.Regan, ProfessorBarbaraNewman,ProfessorWilliamD.Paden,Jr.,andProfessorThomasN. Hall,eachdeservemyhardythanksfortheirsteadyguidanceduringthoselongyears.I wouldespeciallyliketohonorthememoryofmyfriendandadvisorProfessorPhillip Pulsiano.ImustalsoextendameasureofpersonalgratitudetoProfessorThomasHall, ProfessorCharlesD.Wright,ProfessorRaymondJ.S.Grant,Dr.ChristineRauer,Dr. JohnDamon,andDr.TimothyGrahamfortheirenduringfriendshipandencourage- mentinmywork.IwishtothankespeciallyProfessorGordonWhatleyforhisunfailing encouragementofmyworkandhisgeneroushelponthetranslationofSt.Michael’s hagiographic dossier (BHL 5948) which appears as Appendix A. For permission to reprint the Monumenta Germaniae Historica edition of the “De apparitione Sancti Michaelis”byG.WaitzinAppendixA,IthankWolframSetz.Forhelpovertheyearsin resolvingissuesmajorandminor,IalsothankProfessorSarahKeefer,thelateProfessor J. E. Cross, Professor Zbigniew Izydorczyk, Professor Thomas Head, Professor R. I. Page, Dr. Thomas Tipton, Dr. David Johnson, Dr. Mildred Budny, and Dr. John C. Arnold.Andforherdivinepatienceandgenuinesympathy,Iwholeheartedlythank Caroline Palmer, Commissioning Editor, Boydell & Brewer. IwouldberemissifIdidnotacknowledgemyesteemedcolleaguesandco-chairsof theEnglishDepartmentatWilliamRaineyHarperCollege,KurtNeumannandSeema Kurup(andmostrecentlyCatherineRestovich),forcreatingadepartmentalenviron- mentconduciveofthissortofscholarlyendeavorandfortheirsupremeindulgenceof myschedulingneeds.IwouldalsoliketothankTimothyPhilbinoftheInterlibrary Loan Department of Harper College for his uncanny and indefatigable skills at procuringmanyoftheworksIconsulted,andWilliamPankey,CoordinatorofLibrary Technologies, for his comments on and enthusiasm for my work on St. Michael. I should also thank my Honors students at Harper College for patiently and uncom- plaininglyreadingportionsofPartIofthiswork;yourcommentshavemadethistext marginallymorereadable.AndthankstoPatti,Janet,Diana,Judy,andevenKeithfor putting up with me and this obsession. Finally,IowethedeepestdebttomywifeBlairandourchildren,Silas,Elspeth,and Nathaniel,whohavesufferedpatientlythedemandsthisprojecthasmadeonmytime and energy. In some small measure of recompense, I dedicate this book to them. Naturally these acknowledgements of gratitude and debt involve no reciprocal complicity in whatever errors or infelicities remain in the text. I alone assume the responsibility for any such indiscretions. Harper College R.F.J. Feast of St. Michael the Archangel 29 September 2004
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