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Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. For information about buying this title in bulk quantities, or for special sales opportunities (which may include electronic versions; custom cover designs; and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, or branding interests), please contact our corporate sales department at [email protected] or (800) 382-3419. For government sales inquiries, please contact [email protected]. For questions about sales outside the U.S., please contact [email protected]. Visit us on the Web: informit.com/aw Library of Congress Control Number: 2018941639 Copyright © 2019 Scaled Agile, Inc. All rights reserved. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, request forms and the appropriate contacts within the Pearson Education Global Rights & Permissions Department, please visit www.pearsoned.com/permissions/. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-517049-6 ISBN-10: 0-13-517049-4 1 18 4 From Richard Dedicated to my Mom, Sandra Knaster, to whom I am forever grateful for her unconditional love and support. Thanks, Mom! From Dean Dedicated to my mother, Louise Hallock, for a lifetime of doing so well that which only a mother can do. Thanks, Mom! 5 Contents Preface Acknowledgments About the Authors Abbreviations Used in This Book PART I: Overview 1 Business Need for SAFe Why Do Businesses Need SAFe? The Challenge of System Development Applying New Bodies of Knowledge Improving System Development Outcomes The Business Benefits of SAFe Summary 2 SAFe Overview The Big Picture The Configurations The Spanning Palette The Foundation Summary PART II: Mindset, Principles, and Leadership 3 Lean-Agile Mindset Overview Thinking Lean Applying the Agile Manifesto at Scale Summary 4 SAFe Principles Why Focus on Principles? Principle #1: Take an Economic View 6 Principle #2: Apply Systems Thinking Principle #3: Assume Variability; Preserve Options Principle #4: Build Incrementally with Fast, Integrated Learning Cycles Principle #5: Base Milestones on Objective Evaluation of Working Systems Principle #6: Visualize and Limit WIP, Reduce Batch Sizes, and Manage Queue Lengths Principle #7: Apply Cadence; Synchronize with Cross-Domain Planning Principle #8: Unlock the Intrinsic Motivation of Knowledge Workers Principle #9: Decentralize Decision-Making Summary 5 Lean-Agile Leaders Exhibit the Lean-Agile Mindset Lead the Change Know the Way and Emphasize Lifelong Learning Develop People Inspire and Align with Mission. Minimize Constraints Decentralize Decision-Making Unlock the Intrinsic Motivation of Knowledge Workers Evolve the Development Manager Role Adopt a Servant-Leadership Approach Evolve the Partnership with Human Resources Management On the Future of Leadership Summary PART III: Essential SAFe 6 The Agile Release Train Overview ART Organization Develop on Cadence. Release on Demand Vision Features Program Backlog Roadmap Agile Teams Power the Train User Stories and the Team Backlog 7 Summary 7 Planning a Program Increment Overview Preparation for the PI Planning Event Day 1: Create and Review Draft Plans Day 2: Finalize Plans and Commit Summary 8 Iterating Overview The Iteration Cycle Building Quality In Improving Team Flow with Kanban Summary 9 Executing the Program Increment Overview Introducing the Continuous Delivery Pipeline Enabling Continuous Delivery with DevOps Enabling Continuous Delivery with Architectural Runway Managing Continuous Delivery with the Program Kanban Supporting Continuous Delivery with Program Events Summary 10 Inspect and Adapt Overview PI System Demo Quantitative Measurement Retrospective and Problem-Solving Workshop Inspect and Adapt at the Large Solution Level Summary PART IV: Large Solution SAFe 11 Large Solution SAFe Overview Overview The Solution Train 8 Solution Intent Capabilities and the Solution Backlog Solution Epics Economic Framework Applying Large Solution Elements to Other Configurations Summary 12 Defining Large and Complex Solutions Overview The Solution Solution Intent Solution Context Summary 13 Solution Train Execution Overview Pre-PI Planning ART PI Planning Post-PI Planning Frequent Solution Integration Solution Train Sync Solution Demo Solution Train Inspect and Adapt Summary PART V: Portfolio SAFe 14 Lean Portfolio Management Introduction Strategy and Investment Funding Agile Portfolio Operations Lean Governance Summary 15 Strategy and Investment Funding Introduction Connect the Portfolio Strategy to the Enterprise Strategy 9 Establish Portfolio Flow Summary 16 Agile Portfolio Operations Introduction Support an Agile PMO, LACE, and RTE and Scrum Master Communities of Practice Coordinate Value Streams Sustain and Improve Summary 17 Lean Governance Introduction Forecast and Budget Dynamically Measure Portfolio Performance Capitalization of Agile Software Development Governance via Agile Contracts Coordinate Continuous Compliance Summary PART VI: Implementing SAFe 18 The Guiding Coalition Introduction Step 1. Reach the Tipping Point Step 2. Train Lean-Agile Change Agents Step 3. Train Executives, Managers, and Leaders Step 4. Create a Lean-Agile Center of Excellence Summary 19 Designing the Implementation Introduction Step 5. Identify Value Streams and Agile Release Trains Step 6. Create the Implementation Plan Summary 20 Implementing Agile Release Trains Introduction Step 7. Prepare for the ART Launch 10