S Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds: Part 3 Compounds with Sulfur of Oxidation Number IV

344 Pages·1986·7.059 MB·English

by  Norbert Baumann, Hans-Jürgen Fachmann, Brigitte Heibel, Susanne Jäger, Alfons Kubny (auth.), Norbert Baumann, Hans-Jürgen Fachmann, Brigitte Heibel, Hannelore Keller-Rudek, Alfons Kubny, Peter Kuhn (eds.)

I

2 Hel 10 Ne 18 Ar 36 Kr 54 Xe 86 Rn H,
I;
I H 9 F 17 CI 35 Br 53 1 85 At

J
3
8 0 16 S 34 Se 52 Te 84 Po 71 Lu 10Lr
7 N 15 P 33 As 51 Sb 83 Bi 70 Vb 102 No
6 C 14 Si 32 Ge 50 Sn 82 Pb 69 Tm 101 Md ~
bers 5 B 13 AI 31 Ga 49 In 81 TI 68 Er 100 Fm -
m
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m N 30 Zn 48 Cd 80 Hg 67 Ho 99 Es
e
st
elin Sy , ! , I I I I I I ! i I 29 Cu 47 Ag 79 Au 66 Dy 98 Cf
m
e G 28 Ni 46 Pd 78 PI 65 Tb 97 Bk _.
h
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with 27 Co 45 Rh 77 Ir 64 Gd 96 Cm
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nt
me 26 Fe 44 Ru 76 Os 63 Eu 95 Am
e
El
the 25 Mn 43 Tc 75 Re 62 Sm 94 Pu
of
e
c Tabl ! , , , , 24 Cr 42 Mo 74 W 61 Pm 93 Np
di
erio 23 V 41 Nb 73 Ta 105 60 Nd 92 U
P
22 Ti 40 Zr 72 Hf 104 59 Pr 91 Pa
* **
21 Sc 39 V 57*La 89*Ac 58 Ce 90 Th
s
4 Be 12 Mg 20 Ca 38 Sr 56 Ba 88 Ra an ide n ides
h i
* nt ct
I H 3 Li 11 Na 19 K 37 Rb 55 Cs 87 Fr '**La 1*** A
~ '" ... ~ .. Q 9- C') ~ :j" .. l 3 ;;ö" <D c" l! g .. 9- i ~ = <» ~ n ~ !!l
Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry
8th Edition
Gmelin Handbook
of Inorganic Chemistry
8th Edition
Gmelin Handbuch der Anorganischen Chemie
Achte, völlig neu bearbeitete Auflage
Prepared Gmelin-Institut für Anorganische Chemie
and issued by der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
Director: Ekkehard Fluck
Founded by Leopold Gmelin
8th Edition 8th Edition begun under the auspices of the
Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft by R. J. Meyer
Continued by E. H. E. Pietsch and A. Kotowski, and by
Margot Becke-Goehring
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH 1987
GmeLin-Institut für Anorganische Chemie
der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften
ADVISORY BOARD
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(Bayer AG, Leverkusen), Prof. Dr. H. Harnisch (Hoechst AG, Frankfurt/Main-Höchst), Prof. Dr.
H. Nöth (Universität München), Prof. Dr. H. Offermanns (Degussa AG, Frankfurt/Main), Prof.
Dr. G. zu Putlitz (Universität Heidelberg), Prof. Dr. A. Rabenau (Max-Planck-Institut für Festkör
perforschung, Stuttgart), Prof. Dr. A. Simon (Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung,
Stuttgart), Prof. Dr. Dr. A. H. Staab (Präsident der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, München), Prof.
Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. G. Wilke (Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim/Ruhr)
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CHIEF EDITORS
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EMERITUS MEMBER OF THE INSTITUTE Prof. Dr. Dr. E. h. Margot Becke
CORRESPONDENT MEMBERS OF THE INSTITUTE Prof. Dr. Hans Bock
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STAFF GMELIN HANDBOOK
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warth, C. Gorr, Dipl.-Phys. D. Gras, Dipl.-Bibl. W. Grieser, H. Hartwig, Dr. R. Haubold, Dipl.
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mann, Dipl.-Chem. K. Holzapfel, Dipl.-Chem. E.-M. Horn, Dr. W. Huisl, Dr. S. Jäger, Dr. R. Jot
ter, Dr. J. von Jouanne, Dr. B. Kalbskopf, Dipl.-Chem. W. Karl, H.-G. Karrenberg, Dipl.-Phys.
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wesch, R. Kolb, E. Kranz, Dipl.-Chem. I. Kreuzbichler, Dr. A. Kubny, Dr. P. Kuhn, Dr. W. Kurtz,
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Dipl.-Min. U. Noht, Dr. W. Petz, Dr. L. Psotta, I. Rangnow, Dipl.-Phys. H.-J. Ric:hter-Ditten, Dipl.
Chem. H. Rieger, B. Riegert, E. Rieth, A. Rosenberger, E. Rudolph, G. Rudolph, Dipl.-Chem.
S. Ruprecht, Dr. B. Sarbas, Dr. K. D. Scherfise, V. Schlicht, Dipl.-Chem. D. Schneider, Dipl.
Min. P. Schubert, Dr. B. Schwager, A. SchwärzeI, Dipl.-Ing. H. M. Somer, E. Sommer, M. Teich
mann, Dr. W. Töpper, Dipl.-Ing. H. Vanecek, Dipl.-Chem. P. Veli6, Dipl.-Ing. U. Vetter, H.-M.
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Volumes published on "Sulfur" (Syst. No. 9)
Sulfur A 1
History (in German) - 1942
Sulfur A 2
Occurrence. Technology of Sulfur and Its Compounds. Colloidal Sulfur. Toxicity
(in German) - 1953
Sulfur A 3
The Element. Preparation in Pure State. Properties (in German) - 1953
Sulfur B 1
Hydrides and Oxides of Sulfur (in German) - 1953
Sulfur B 2
Sulfur-Oxygen Acids (in German) - 1960
Sulfur B 3
Compounds (concluded) (in German) - 1963
Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds 1
Compounds with Sulfur of Oxidation Number VI (in German) - 1977
Sulfur Suppl. Vol. 1
Thionyl Halides (in German) - 1978
Sulfur Suppl. Vol. 2
Sulfur Halides (in German) - 1978
Sulfur Suppl. Vol. 3
Sulfur Oxides (in German) - 1980
Sulfur Suppl. Vol. 4a/b
Sulfanes - 1983
Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds 2
Compounds with Sulfur of Oxidation Number IV - 1985
Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds 3
Compounds with Sulfur of Oxidation Number IV - 1987 (present volume)
Gmelin Handbook
of Inorganic Chemistry
8th Edition
S
Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds
Part 3
Compounds with Sulfur of Oxidation Number IV
With 43 illustrations
AUTHORS Norbert Baumann, Hans-Jürgen Fachmann, Brigitte Heibel,
Susanne Jäger, Alfons Kubny
EDITORS Norbert Baumann, Hans-Jürgen Fachmann, Brigitte Heibel,
Hannelore Keller-Rudek, Alfons Kubny, Peter Kuhn
CHIEF EDITOR Brigitte Heibel
System Number 9
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heide1berg GmbH 1987
LITERATURE GLOSING DATE: 1984
IN MANY GASES MORE REGENT DATA HAVE SEEN GONSIDERED
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ISBN 978-3-662-06362-0 ISBN 978-3-662-06360-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-06360-6
© by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1986
Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo in 1986.
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Preface
The present volume describes cyclic sulfur-nitrogen compounds whose ring system con
tains one or two other types of atoms in addition to sulfur and nitrogen. At least one sulfur
atom can be regarded as having oxidation number IV in one resonance structure. That means
the sulfur in fact has an oxidation number higher than 11 and lower than VI. The volume
continues "Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds" Part 2, in which the binary sulfur(lV)-nitrogen ring
systems are described.
Compounds with the same "hetero atom" in the sulfur-nitrogen ring are arranged in
groups. Within a group the compounds are arranged according to ring size, and for a given
number of ring atoms, in order of decreasing S: N ratio. Neutral compounds are described
before ions, and saturated compounds before unsaturated, aromatic ones.
A very heterogeneous material is brought together in this volume. SN2Se2 rings, which
strongly resemble the binary S3N2 ring, are covered. S-N-Si rings with five, six, and eight
atoms, and also N-S-N-bridged eight-membered rings, are described. The S-N-P rings form a
puzzling and complex part of this volume; they readily interconvert by dimerization, cleavage,
and by addition and loss of NSN and NPN groups. Especially interesting is the aromatic
character of 8-N-P rings.
A large part of the present volume is concerned with rings containing sulfur, nitrogen, and
carbon atoms. With respect to the "inorganic" character of Gmelin Handbook the described
compounds are restricted to the "simplest" examples of a ring system. Compounds with an
SIV~ bond in the ring are excluded. Sulfur-nitrogen rings containing, in addition to carbon,
another type of atom (e.g., S-N-C-O rings) are described after the 8-N-C rings with the same
number of ring atoms. The compounds are interesting in quite different respects: e.g., the
parent compound 1 ,2,5-thiadiazole was studied mainly with respect to the symmetric nature
of the molecule and its aromaticity, whereas preparation and properties of the substituted
1,2,5-thiadiazoles often are described in patent literature because of their biological activity
and their use in chemotherapy or as fungieides or insecticides. Because of the great number of
8-N~ ring compounds only compounds containing four or five atoms in the 8-N~ ring are
described in this volume. The larger rings will be described in another volume to be published
in 1987. In this next volume a formula index and a ring index for both volumes will also follow.
With regard to the formula index, in which (in contrast to the text) the cyclic species are not
illustrated, it has been necessary to write their complicated structural formulas (especially in
the case of 8-N~ compounds) in a linear form. In the text those linear formulas are always
added below their structural formulas. Single rings are unrolled and set into brackets, e.g.,
[=S=N~H2-CH2-N=j, 3,4-dihydro-1 ,2,5-thiadiazole. Aromatic bonds are indicated by points,
e.g., [:...:.S:...:.N:...:.CH:...:.CH:...:.N:...:.j, 1,2, 5-thiadiazole. If a condensed ring system is described, the
S-N-containing ring is unrolled, and the second ring is taken as a unit into the linear formula,
e.g., [:...:.S:...:.N:...:.{1,2-CsH4}:...:.N:"':'j, 2,1 ,3-benzothiadiazole. In other cases it proved necessary
:1 :1
to unroll the second ring, e.g., [.:...:.S.:...:.N.:...:.{c:...:.N.:...:.CH.:...:.N.:...:.CH.:...:.C}.:...:.N.:...:.j, [1,2,5jthiadiazolo-
[3,4-djpyrimidine. In many cases in the text a reduced formula is used, e.g., 1,2,5-SN2C2H2,
1,2,5-thiadiazole, or SN2CsH4, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole.
Frankfurt am Main Brigitte Heibel
December 1986