Russian Politics from Lenin to Putin (St. Antony's)

240 Pages·2010·0.58 MB·English

by  Stephen Fortescue

St Antony’s Series
General Editors: Jan Zielonka(2004– ), Fellow of St Antony’s College,
Oxford
Othon Anastasakis, Research Fellow of St Antony’s College, Oxford
and Director of South East European Studies at Oxford
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RUSSIAN POLITICS FROM LENIN TO PUTIN
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Russian Politics from
Lenin to Putin
Edited By
Stephen Fortescue
Associate Professor, School of Social Sciences and International Relations, University
of New South Wales, Australia
In Association with St Antony’s College, Oxford
© Editorial matter, selection and conclusion © Stephen Fortescue 2010
All remaining chapters © respective authors 2010
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Russian politics from Lenin to Putin / edited by Stephen Fortescue.
p. cm. – (St. Anthony’s series)
ISBN 978-0-230-57587-5 (hardback)
1. Russia (Federation)–Politics and government I. Fortescue, Stephen.
JN6695.R8675 2010
947.084–dc22 2010010801
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10
Printed and bound in Great Britain by
CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham and Eastbourne
In honour of T.H. Rigby.
Friend, colleague, teacher, mentor
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Contents
List of Tables viii
List of Contributors ix
Preface xii
1 T.H. Rigby on Soviet and Post-Soviet Russian Politics 1
Stephen Fortescue
2 Institutionalization and Personalism in the Policy-making 21
Process of the Soviet Union and Post-Soviet Russia
Stephen Fortescue
3 The Boss and His Team: Stalin and the Inner Circle, 51
1925–33
Sheila Fitzpatrick
4 Building the Communist Future: Legitimation and the 76
Soviet City
Graeme Gill
5 Legitimation and Legitimacy in Russia Revisited 101
Leslie Holmes
6 Perestroika as Revolution from Above 127
Archie Brown
7 How Much Did Popular Disaffection Contribute to the 152
Collapse of the USSR?
Peter Reddaway
8 Pantouflage à la russe: The Recruitment of Russian Political 185
and Business Elites
Eugene Huskey
9 Conclusion 205
Stephen Fortescue
Index 215
vii
List of Tables
Table 8.1 Earlier State Service of Leading Russian Corporate 192
Directors and Managers (By Sector of Russian
Officialdom, post-1991 only)
Table 8.2 Education Backgrounds of the Russian Business 195
Elite (First Degree of Directors and Senior
Managers of the Top 20 Russian Companies,
By Market Capitalization)
viii
List of Contributors
Archie Brownis Emeritus Professor of Politics at Oxford University and
Emeritus Fellow of St Antony’s College, Oxford. He taught at Glasgow
University from 1964 to 1971 and at Oxford from 1971 to 2005. He has
been a Fellow of the British Academy since 1991 and was elected a
Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and
Sciences in 2003. In 2005 Professor Brown was awarded the CMG in the
Queen’s Birthday Honours List ‘for services to UK-Russian relations and
to the study of political science and international affairs’. Archie Brown
was co-editor with T.H. Rigby and Peter Reddaway of Authority, Power
and Policy in the USSR. Essays dedicated to Leonard Schapiro (1980 and
1983). His publications include The Gorbachev Factor (1996; 1997) which
won the W.J.M. Mackenzie Prize of the Political Studies Association of
the UK and the Alec Nove Prize of the British Association for Slavonic
and East European Studies, Seven Years that Changed the World:
Perestroika in Perspective (2007), and most recently The Rise and Fall of
Communism(2009).
Sheila Fitzpatrickis the Bernadotte E. Schmitt Distinguished Service
Professor in Modern Russian History at the University of Chicago. A
specialist in Soviet social, political, and cultural history, particularly of
the Stalin period, she was born in Australia and educated at the
University of Melbourne and Oxford. She has worked in the US since
the early 1970s, teaching at Columbia University, the University of
Texas at Austin, and (since 1990) the University of Chicago. She is a
member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a Fellow of the
Australian Academy of the Humanities, a Professorial Fellow at the
University of Melbourne, and past president of the American
Association for Slavic and East European Studies. Her books include
Everyday Stalinism. Ordinary Life in Extraordinary Times: Soviet Russia in
the 1930s (2000) and Tear off the Masks! Identity and Imposture in
Twentieth-Century Russia (2005), Against the Grain: Brian Fitzpatrick,
Manning Clark and Australian History and Politics (ed. with Stuart
Macintyre, 2007), Political Tourists: Australian Visitors to the Soviet Union
in the 1920s–1940s (ed. with Carolyn Rasmussen, 2008), and Beyond
Totalitarianism. Stalinism and Nazism Compared (ed. with Michael
Geyer, 2009).
ix