Russian Masculinities in History and Culture PDF
Preview Russian Masculinities in History and Culture
Max Weber and Postmodern Theory Rationalization versus Re-enchantment Nicholas Gane Russian Masculinities in History and Culture Also by Barbara Evans Clements BOLSHEVIK FEMINIST: The Life of Aleksandra Kollontai BOLSHEVIK WOMEN DAUGHTERS OF REVOLUTION: A History of Soviet Women RUSSIA’S WOMEN: Accommodation, Resistance, Transformation (edited with Barbara Alpern Engel and Christine D. Worobec) Also by Dan Healey HOMOSEXUAL DESIRE IN REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA: The Regulation of Sexual and Gender Dissent Russian Masculinities in History and Culture Edited by Barbara Evans Clements Professor of History Emeritus The University of Akron Rebecca Friedman Assistant Professor of History Florida International University North Miami Florida and Dan Healey Lecturer in History University of Wales Swansea Editorial matter and selection © Barbara Evans Clements,Rebecca Friedman and Dan Healey 2002 Chapter 1 © Barbara Evans Clements 2002 Chapter 3 © Rebecca Friedman 2002 Chapter 8 © Catriona Kelly 2002 Chapter 9 © Dan Healey 2002 Chapter 12 © Julie Gilmour and Barbara Evans Clements 2002 Chapter 13 © Rebecca Friedman and Dan Healey 2002 Chapters 2,4–7,10,11 © Palgrave Publishers Ltd 2002 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2002 978-0-333-94544-5 All rights reserved.No reproduction,copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced,copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency,90 Tottenham Court Road,London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2002 by PALGRAVE Houndmills,Basingstoke,Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue,New York,N.Y.10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE is the new global academic imprint of St.Martin’s Press LLC Scholarly and Reference Division and Palgrave Publishers Ltd (formerly Macmillan Press Ltd). ISBN 978-1-349-42592-1 ISBN 978-0-230-50179-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230501799 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Russian masculinities in history and culture / edited by Barbara Evans Clements,Rebecca Friedman,and Dan Healey. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Men – Russia (Federation) – Psychology. 2. Masculinity – Russia (Federation). I. Clements,Barbara Evans,1945– . II. Friedman, Rebecca,1968– . III. Healey,Dan,1957– HQ1090.7.R8 R87 2001 305.31’0947 – dc21 2001036882 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 Contents List of Illustrations vii Notes on the Contributors viii 1 Introduction 1 Barbara Evans Clements 2 ‘What’s Love Got to Do With It?’: Changing Models of Masculinity in Muscovite and Petrine Russia 15 Nancy Shields Kollmann 3 From Boys to Men: Manhood in the Nicholaevan University 33 Rebecca Friedman 4 Russian Dandyism: Constructing a Man of Fashion 51 Olga Vainshtein 5 Masculinity in Late-Imperial Russian Peasant Society 76 Christine D. Worobec 6 Masculinity in Transition: Peasant Migrants to Late-Imperial St Petersburg 94 S. A. Smith 7 Marriage and Masculinity in Late-Imperial Russia: the ‘Hard Cases’ 113 Barbara Alpern Engel 8 The Education of the Will: Advice Literature, Zakal, and Manliness in Early-Twentieth-Century Russia 131 Catriona Kelly 9 The Disappearance of the Russian Queen, or How the Soviet Closet Was Born 152 Dan Healey 10 Masculinity and Heroism in Imperial and Soviet Military-Patriotic Cultures 172 Karen Petrone v vi Russian Masculinities in History and Culture 11 Socialism in One Gender: Masculine Values in the Stalin Revolution 194 Thomas G. Schrand 12 ‘If You Want to Be Like Me, Train!’: the Contradictions of Soviet Masculinity 210 Julie Gilmour and Barbara Evans Clements 13 Conclusions 223 Rebecca Friedman and Dan Healey Index 236 List of Illustrations 1 The Tree of the Russian State – Praise to the Vladimir Mother of God (detail). Icon in the State Tretiakov Gallery, Moscow. Reproduced from an original slide by Jack E. Kollmann, Jr. 20 2 Engraving depicting fireworks on the marriage of Peter I to Catherine, 1712. Original in State Hermitage Museum, St Petersburg. Reproduced from V. N. Vasil’ev, Starinnye feieruerti v Rossii (Leningrad, 1960, Plate 24). 27 3 A. Matveev, Self Portrait with Wife, 1729. Original in Russian Museum, St Petersburg. Reproduced from one of a number of published books, probably Kaliazina and Komelova, Russkoe isskustvo Petrouskoi epokhi, no. 101. 28 4 Konstantin Borisovich Vainshtein, a middle-class dandy of the 1910s. From the family archive of Olga Vainshtein. 70 5 ‘If you want to be like this – TRAIN!’ Physical culture poster, 1950. 211 6 ‘Don’t be afraid of hot or cold, temper yourself like STEEL!’ Physical culture poster, 1955. 216 vii Notes on the Contributors Barbara Evans Clements is Professor of History Emeritus at the Uni- versity of Akron. She is the author and co-editor of several books on Russian women’s history, the most recent of which is Bolshevik Women (1997). Barbara Alpern Engel is Professor of History at the University of Colorado, Boulder. She has published numerous articles and books, most recently Between the Fields and the City: Women, Work and Family in Russia, 1861–1914(1994), and A Revolution of their Own: Voices of Women in Soviet History, edited with Anastasia Posadskaya-Vanderbeck (1998). Rebecca Friedman is Assistant Professor of History at Florida Interna- tional University in Miami. She received her PhD from the University of Michigan (2000) and is currently working on a monograph entitled ‘In the Company of Men: On Masculinity among University Students in Nicholaevan Russia’. Julie Gilmour is a doctoral candidate at the University of Chicago where she is completing a dissertation on Soviet sport and Soviet notions of the ideal citizen after the Second World War. Dan Healeyis lecturer in Russian history in the Department of History, University of Wales Swansea, United Kingdom. He is the author of the first book-length study of same-sex love in modern Russia, Homosexual Desire in Revolutionary Russia: the Regulation of Sexual and Gender Dissent (2001). He is currently working on a monograph about early Soviet forensic medicine and the limits of sexual utopianism. Catriona Kelly is Reader in Russian at New College, University of Oxford. Her most recent publications are Constructing Russian Culture in the Age of Revolution(1998) and Russian Cultural Studies: An Introduction, edited with David Shepherd (1998); Utopias: Russian Modernist Texts 1905–1940 (1999). Russian Literature, Modernism, and the Visual Arts, edited with Stephen Lovell, is forthcoming. Nancy Shields Kollmann is Professor of History at Stanford University. She has published Kinship and Politics: the Making of the Muscovite Polit- viii Notes on the Contributors ix ical System, 1345–1547 (l987); By Honor Bound: State and Society in Early Modern Russia (1999); essays on Russia in The New Cambridge Medieval History, vol. 6 (2000), vol. 7 (1998) and in Russia: a History, ed. Gregory Freeze (1997). Karen Petrone is Associate Professor of History at the University of Kentucky. She is the author of Life Has Become More Joyous, Comrades: Celebrations in the Time of Stalin (2000). Her manuscript in progress is entitled ‘Masculinity and the Mobilization of the Nation: Imperial and Soviet Military and Patriotic Cultures, 1900–1953’. Thomas G. Schrand is Associate Professor of History at Philadelphia University. His research focuses on gender and cultural history of the Stalin era and he is the author of several articles on the roles of women’s labor and social activism in the Soviet industrialization campaign. S. A. Smith is Professor of History at the University of Essex, England. His works include Red Petrograd: Revolution in the Factories, 1917–18 (1983); Notes of a Red Guard: the Autobiography of Eduard Dune, edited with Diane Koenker (1993); and A Road is Made: Communism in Shang- hai, 1920–27 (2000). Olga Vainshtein teaches theory, culture, gender studies and litera- ture at the Russian State Humantities University in Moscow. She has written books and articles on topics as diverse as Matthew Arnold, Victorian criticism, postmodernism, Russian private life, and Russian and American fashion. Her current projects include a history of Russian dandyism. Christine D. Worobec is Professor of History at Northern Illinois Uni- versity. Her publications include Peasant Russia: Family and Community in the Post-Emancipation Period(1991) and Possessed: Women, Witches, and Demons in Imperial Russia (2001).
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