RUSSIAN - Live Lingua

185 Pages·2012·4.78 MB·English

RUSSIAN

Intermediate/Advanced course

REVIEW OF STRUCTURAL PATTERNS
Volume

negsons 1 - 20

June 1971

‘ DEFENSE LANGUAGE INSTITUTE
FOREIGN LANGUAGE CENTER
PREFACE

This is the first of two voloses dealing with a
comprehensive review of structural patterns in the
Advanced Preparatory Course, Ali essential grammatical
structures introduced in the Basic Course are included.
‘The purpose and the design of the review are ta
stimolate recali and reinforce the patterns previously

aearned,
Lesson

ny

&

%

10,

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Runcdan Grammatical Genter
Plural of Nouns
Agreenent in Nomber

Forns and Types of Adjectives
Ordinal Nonerein
Two Basic Typas of Conjugation

Prepositiona! Case
Unchangeabie Nouns
Jereguler Plural of Nouns
verbs

Feepositional Case (cont's)
Ipregular Plural of Nouns
Widely Used Speech Patterns

Basic Puuctions of the Accusztive
Case

Masculine Nouns with Feminine
‘Endings

Verbs of Motion
Location ani Direction
‘Tine Brpressions

Use of Conjunetions

Verbs af Motion

Verbs of Motion (eont'a)
Irregular Plurai of Nouns

Genetive Case

Teregular Verbs

lige of Short Adjectives im
Predicates

‘A Cage of Folyseny

Genetive Case (cont'd)
Russian Structural Patteras
‘Expressing Possession

Verbe

fra

10

19

2

a7

48

52

38

65

n
Lesson

ue

12.

13,

ae

1S,

we.

17.

Prepositions Requiring Genetive
Case

verbs

Masculine Nouns with Feminine
Endings

Dative Case

Prepositions Used with the Dative
Case

verbs

Detave Cage (cont*a)

Prepositions aud Adverbs of Location
and Direction

verbs

Negative Sentences

Tastrunental Case

Verbal Brepositionat Government

Special Patterns of Verb
‘Conjugation

Review of Declension of Nouns
(singuiar)

Deviarsone fron the General Pattern

Personal Pronouns

verbs

Past Tense and Conpound Future of
Russian Verbs

Personal Posgessive Pronouns

Structures with the Logicat Subject
in the Dative Case

Time Expressians

‘The Aspect of Russian verbs

Gontrastive Analysie of English and
Russian Verbal Tenses

Some Pronouns

E

82

90

0

107

mS

226

sat
Lesson

18,

19.

20,

Gengtive Plural of Nouns
(four banic types)

constructions Expressing Possession
‘and Guentity

Nusers4-Noun Conbinations

List of Munerais

Imperative
Some Irregular Verba
Accusative Ploeal
Hepressione Indicating Age
Tine Expressions

The Reflexive Pronoun
Reflexive Verbs

.aT

156

169

ast Lesson - épmll yoda
1. Rugsian Granesticed Gender

Im Russian, every noun, whether and
As said to have gender; it is
neuter.

te or inanimate,
jesculine, or feminine, oF

‘This grammatical gender can be recognized in most cases:
by the last sound, or by the Last letter of the coun:

Last sound or letter: Gender:
a consonant - nasculine
oa pd smc,

hand book

. feminine

-a sound

earth
-o ong adn.

window word

neuter

-e onde

pont
ur
2, Nouns Ending in <b

Nouns whieh end in -» “soft sign” are either masculine or
feminine. The gender of such nouns fas to be memorized:

Masentine: ¢z0RMos ancovosias ons yatsean
Mesentine Gictionary car asy teacher
renpéx peeps vous wacrs
copy-book door thing part,
foit

3. Agreenent_in Genaee

‘The words uoll, wan, sau, elt, dror change form in order
to agree in gender with the mouns they modif y=

xo (naz, nan, vel, Sror) tos masculine
won (wim, aiuta, wna, Sra} mina feminine
uct (ndue, edwe, sea, dro} unesud neuter

4, The Hora - S70.

Besides the words Sror, dra, ro (this, that) and their
plural form tm, there is a word ora wnicn fever changes for
Gender or mumber and means: "this is ,.", "that i822", as
Well as "these are ...'", "those are.11;

This: This is
Seor yaéonne sam. dro nom yedoum.

‘Tria textbook is yours. This is your textbook,
Sra wuira pum, Bro ndua soir.

This book is yours. ‘This is your book.
mus

Sro mops vdue.

‘Tais pen is yours.
These:

dr mictea aod,

‘ese letters are nine

5. Lokation

thie 4
Sro niu naps:
This. is your pen,

These are

$s

These are my letters,

Tp Russian © singular nou which indicates Jocation and
follows the prepositions = (in), £8 (on) very often has the

ending -2.

‘This ending is added to the Last consonant of the noun:

if the last sound is a vowel, the ending ~

vowel:

Masculine:

replaces this

Feninine & Neuter:

Bro vtoa|
Rudra 2a oroalé
‘The book is on

the table.

6. The Wosde TH, Teall

ro xnir|a Bea onus

¢. Res ae ov

Bywirs # sid

The key is by

Te EP Seok” the window,

ia the book.

Te "faniias™ forms 24 (you) and Zao! (your, yours)
gre uned when addressing Pusaver of the Tamiiy, a eiooe

friend, @ child, or an animal,
7, Bigeal of Nouns

a. The baie ending of masculine and fewindne nowss in
the plural 1s =g of “He

pst.
eryaéus - student orzaémja = students
oxovép)» - atetionary —«czanep |x = aictionsries
aya ja - wuliet ma fi manera
vecr |p + part sect Ix - parts

Spelling note: The letter w mever follows =, 8, 3s Ht
ay therefore:

yasormn| ~ texenook: wafs|a book rapés|
Federal veel papealid

b. The basic ending of neuter nouns in the pimral is

; Meuter nouns consisting of two syitsbles usually
Change their accent inthe plural,

c. Nouns which have the plural form only:

agusra = money veod ~ xaten