Russian concise dictionary - Russian-English, English-Russian

678 Pages·2007·44.36 MB·English

by  Berlitz Publishing

sBBiili
Speaking Your Language

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Berlitz
Russian
Concise Dictionary
Russian-English
English-Russian
Berlitz Publishing
New York • Munich • Singapore
Edited by the Langenscheidt editorial staff
Based on a dictionary compiled with contributions by Irina A. Walshe
Activity section by Olga Layer
Book in cover photo: © Punchstock/Medioimages
Neither the presence nor the absence of a designation
indicating that any entered word constitutes a trademark
should be regarded as affecting the legal status thereof.
© 2007 Berlitz Publishing/APA Publications GmbH & Co. Verlag KG °
Singapore Branch, Singapore g
All rights reserved §
Trademark Reg. U.S. Patent Office and other countries. °
Marca Registrada. ^
Used under license from Berlitz Investment Corporation. r"
Berlitz Publishing
LO
193 Morris Avenue
Springfield, NJ 07081 ^
USA ro
Printed in Germany CM
ISBN 978-981-268-058-7
Preface
This new dictionary of English and Russian is a tool with more
than 45,000 references for learners of the Russian language at
beginner’s or intermediate level.
A large number of idiomatic expressions has been included.
The user-friendly layout with all headwords in blue allows the
user to have quick access to all the words, expressions and their
translations.
Clarity of presentation has been a major objective. Is flimsy re¬
ferring to furniture the same in Russian as flimsy referring to
an excuse? This dictionary is rich in sense distinctions like this
- and in translation options tied to specific, identified senses.
Vocabulary needs grammar to back it up. In this dictionary you
will find extra grammar information on the conjugation and de¬
clension of Russian verbs, nouns and adjectives.
The additional activity section provides the user with an oppor¬
tunity to develop language skills with a selection of engaging
word puzzles. The games are designed specifically to improve
vocabulary, spelling, grammar and comprehension in an enjoy¬
able style.
Designed for a wide variety of uses, this dictionary will be of
great value to those who wish to learn Russian and have fun at
the same time.
Contents
How to Use the Dictionary.5
Abbreviations Used in the Dictionary.8
Russian Pronunciation. 13
English Pronunciation. 20
The Russian Alphabet. 21
Important English Irregular Verbs.22
Russian - English.27
Activity Section. 309
English - Russian. 357
Important Russian Abbreviations.644
Important American and British Abbreviations.647
Russian Geographical Names. 652
English Geographical Names. 654
Numerals. 657
American and British Weights and Measures. 659
Some Russian First Names. 661
Grammatical Tables. 663
How to Use the Dictionary
1. Arrangement. Strict alphabetical order has been maintained throughout
the dictionary.
A number of prefixed words, especially verbs, are not explicitly listed be¬
cause of the limited size of the dictionary, and in such cases it may prove
useful to drop the prefix and look up the primary form, e. g.:
nobnaroflapMTb -> SnaroflapwTb
Compounds not found at their alphabetical place should be reduced to their
second component in order to find out their main meaning, e. g.:
TepMoriflepHbift —> riflepi-ibM = nuclear
The tilde (~) serves as a mark of repetition. The tilde in bold type replaces
either the headword or the part of the headword preceding the vertical bar;
e. g.:
MflMJ...; ~MHeCKMM = HflHJl/lliHeCKHM
In the English-Russian part the tilde in multi-word lexical units is used to
replace the whole headword, e.g.:
phone = mobile phone
mobil e
~
In the Russian-English part the tilde in idioms is used to relace the part pre¬
ceding the vertical bar, e. g.:
odpynanbHoe „i\o o6pyna/ibHoe Kortbiio
KO/ib|ueBOM ...; ~mo
...; -
The tilde with a circle (2): when the first letter changes from a capital to a
small letter or vice-versa, the usual tilde is replaced by the tilde with a circle.
In brackets a hyphen (-) has been used instead of the tilde, e. g.:
6paTb [6epy, -pewb; 6pa/i, -a ...] = [6epy, bepeuib; 6pa/i, 6pana ...]
Of the two main aspects of a Russian verb the imperfective form appears
first, in boldface type, followed, in acute-angled brackets < >, by its perfec¬
tive counterpart.
2. Pronunciation. As a rule the pronunciation of individual Russian head¬
words has been given only in cases and places that differ from the standard
pronunciation of Russian vowel and consonant letters, e. g.:
jierKMM (-xk-) - «tk» is pronounced «xk».
3. Stress. The accent mark (') is placed above the stressed vowel of a Russian
entry (or any other) word with more than one syllable and printed in full, as
well as of run-on words, provided their accentuated vowel is not covered by
the tilde or hyphen (= marks of repetition), e. g.:
flOK33 blBaTb ..., <~aTb> = <flOKa3aTb>
Since e is always stressed the two dots over it represent implicitly the accent
mark.
Wherever the accent mark precedes the tilde (%*) the second-last syllable of
the part for which the tilde stands is stressed, e. g.:
yBeflOM|jlflTb ..., <'~HTb> = <yBeAOMHTb>
6
An accent mark over the tilde (a) implies that the last (or sole) syllable of
the part replaced by the tilde is to be stressed.
Example:
HaxoAlriTb ~Ka = HaxbflKa
ripofla BaTb <~Tb> = <npoflaTb>
In special cases of phonetic transcription, however, the accent mark pre¬
cedes the stressed syllable, cf. aHTGHHa (-'ten-). This usage is in accordance
with IPA rules.
Two accents in a word denote two equally possible modes of stressing it,
thus:
iiHane = imawe or iiHane
Quite a number of predicative (or short) adjectives show a shift, or shifts, of
stress as compared with their attributive forms. Such divergences are re¬
corded as follows:
xopoiuuft [17; xopom, -a] = [17; xopoiu, xopowa, xopouio (pi. xopowM)]
The same system of stress designation applies, to accent shifts in the preter¬
ite forms of a number of verbs, e. g.:
Aa|eaTb ..., <~Tb> [... flan, -a, -o; ... (AaH, -a)] = [... Aan, a ana, Aa.no (pi.
Aann);... (AaH, AaHa, asho, AaHbi)]
Insertion of the “epenthetic” o, e, between the two last stem consonants in
masculine short forms has been noted in all adjectives where this applies,
e. g.:
jierKuft ... [16; neroK, nerKa; a. nerKH] = [16; neroK, nerKa, nerKO (pi.
nerKH or nerKH)]
If the stress in all short forms conforms to that of the attributive adjective the
latter is merely provided with the abbreviation sh. (for short form) which
indicates at the same time the possibility of forming such predicative forms,
e. g.:
6oraTbiM [14 sh.] = [14; boraT, boraia, boraTO, boraTbi]
4. Inflected forms. All Russian inflected parts of speech appearing in the dic¬
tionary are listed in their appropriate basic forms, i. e. nominative singular
(nouns, adjectives, numerals, certain pronouns) or infinitive (verbs). The
gender of Russian nouns is indicated by means of one of three abbreviations
in italics (m, f n) after the headword.* Each inflected entry is followed, in
square brackets [ ], by a figure which serves as reference to a definite para¬
digm within the system of conjugation and declension listed at the end of this
book. Any variants of these paradigms are stated after the reference figure
of each headword in question.
* For users of part II: Any Russian noun ending in a consonant or -v\ is of mas¬
culine gender;
those ending in -a or -n are of feminine gender;
those ending in -o or -e are of neuter gender.
In cases where this rule does not apply, as well as in nouns ending in -b, the
gender is indicated.