Учебно-методические рекомендации по устным темам «Russia», «Moscow»

24 Pages·0.693 MB·Russian

by  Григорьева Т. А., Сухарева Г. И., Глазов. гос. пед. ин-т им. В.Г. Короленко

Copyright ООО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
Министерство общего и профессионального образования
Российской Федерации
Глазовский государственный педагогический институт
им. В.Г. Короленко
УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ
РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПО УСТНЫМ ТЕМАМ
«RUSSIA», «MOSCOW»
Для студентов неспециальных факультетов
педагогического института
Глазов 1999
Copyright ООО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ
ПО УСТНЫ М ТЕМАМ
«RUSSIA», «MOSCOW»
Составители: Григорьева Тамара Анатольевна,
; Сухарева Галина Ивановна
Copyright ООО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
ББК 74.261.7 Англ.
У 91
УЧЕБНО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ
ПО УСТНЫ М ТЕМАМ
«RUSSIA», «MOSCOW»
Составители: ст. препод. кафедры иностранных языков
Т.А. Григорьева,
ст, препод. кафедры иностранных языков
Г. И. Сухарева
Рецензент: ст. преподаватель, кафедры иностранных языков
Е.Ю. Овсянников.
Рекомендации, предназначенные для студентов I курса неспециальных
факультетов пединститута, содержат текстовый материал и упражнения по
темам, предусмотренным программой по иностранным языкам для педвузов.
Цель пособия — способствовать развитию и совершенствованию навыков
устной речи и расширить знания по соответствующей тематике.
© Глазовский государственный педагогический институт, 1999
Copyright ООО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
RUSSIA
VoCAbulARy
To lie, to cover, to wasli, to vary, to be located, to separate, to
be concentrated, to border on, to include, to date back to, to set
up, to consist of, to vest, to be headed by, to serve, to .belong to,
to appoint, to be represented by, to symbolize, to stand for.
Vast, heavy, barren, high, deep, various, broad, historic, eco­
nomic, cultural, ancient, natural, independent, federal, legisla­
tive, executive, judicial, presidential.
Area, territory, kilometre, coast, desert, mountain, valley,
plain, type, climate, temperature, river, lake, cradle, population,
per cent, capital, resources, coal, oil,. gas,_,(.iron) ore, gold, nickel,
guarter, fuel, state, government,,, branch: chamber, speaker,
commander - in - chief, symbol, banner, stripe,, earth,, sky, lib­
erty, hymn, emblem, eagle.
Mountain chain, the coldest point, the northern hemisphere,
to be of great importance, in reality, densely populated, to be
rich in natural resources, deposits of coal, presidential republic, .
legislative power, executive power, judicial power, armed
forces, to make treaties,, to enforce laws, to be responsible for, to
frame policy, the upper chamber, the lower chamber.
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GeoqrapkiCA l ANd Proper
Names:
Russia, the Russian Federative Republic, Europe, Asia, the
Atlantic (Arctic, Pacific) Ocean, the White Sea, the Barents Sea,
the Okhotsk Sea, the Great Russian Plain, the West Siberian
Plain, the Urals (the Ural Mountains), the Volga river, the Cas­
pian Sea, the Baikal, the Far East,' the Federal Assembly, the
Council of Federation, the State Duma, the Prime Minister, the
Constitutional Court.
Exercises
1. Practise reading aloud the following words:
[аз] - stand, barren, natural, valley, capital, gas, banner, back,
national;
fe] - set up, separate, vest, head, represent, heavy, independent,
federal; legislative, executive, president (ial), territory, desert,
temperature, per cent, hemisphere, densely, emblem, federative;
' [i:] - deep, kilometre, speaker, chief, eagle, treaty, eastern;
[i]r- consist, judicial, river, nickel, symbol, liberly, rich,
hymn;
[o:] - border, broad, resources, (iron) ore, quarter, northern,
importance, laws, forces, enforce, court;
[o] - concentrated, wash, belong, economic, deposits, respon­
sible, policy;
[a:] - vast, branch, commander, armed, far;
[л] - cover, cultural, government, republic, upper, Russia;
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[э] - serve, earth;
[ei] - located, ancient, plain, lake, cradle, population, state,
chamber, chain, great, frame, Asia;
[oi] - appoint, oil;
[ai] - high, type, climate, stripe, sky, prime;
[еэ] - vaiy, various, area.
2. Transcribe the following words:
vast, Europe, Asia, world, cover, square, various, heavy,
hemisphere, temperature, ancient, resources, deposits, quarter,
fuel, federative, executive, judicial, legislative, chamber, court,
hymn.
3. Find in the text English equivalents of the following Rus­
sian words and word combinations:
по площади, густые леса, бесплодные пустыни, горные
хребты, различные виды (разновидности) климата, северное
полушарие, иметь большое' значение,колыбель древних го­
родов, в действительности, густо населенный, месторожде­
ния угля (нефти, железной руды), горючее (топливо), быв­
шие республики, история России, относится к... (восходит,
к...), три ветви, облекать властью, главнокомандующий воо­
руженными силами, заключать договоры, проводить в
жизнь (законы), ответственный за ..., двуглавый орел.
4. Read and translate the text «Russia».
Copyright ООО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
RUSSIA
The vast territory of Russia lies in the Eastern part of Europe
and in the Northern part of Asia. In area, it is one of the largest
countries in the world. Russia’s territory covers 17,075 million
square kilometres.
Russia is washed by twelve seas of the Atlantic, the Arctic
and the Pacific oceans. The northern and eastern coasts of Rus­
sia are washed by the White Sea, the Barents Sea and by the Ok­
hotsk Sea. v
The land of Russia varies a lot from heavy forests to barren
deserts,’ from high mountains to deep valleys. Russia is located
on two plains. They are: the Great Russian Plain and the West
Siberian Plain. There are three mountain chains in Russia. The
Urals, the longest mountain chain, separates Europe from Asia.
There are various types of climate on the territory of Russia.
The coldest point of the northern hemisphere, where tempera­
tures are minus 70 .C, is located in Siberia.
Russia is a land of long rivers and deep lakes. The broad
Volga: River system is of great historic, economic and cultural
importance to Russia. It became the cradle of such ancient cities
as Vladimir, Tver, Yaroslavl, Kazan, Nizhny Novgorod.
The Volga river runs into the Caspian Sea, which is in reality,
the largest lake in the world. The Baikal is the deepest one.
The population of Russia is 146,5 million, of which 83 per
cent are Russians.
The European part of Russia is densely populated.
There are 1.030 towns and cities in this, country. 8.879.000
people live in the capital of our countiy - Moscow.
Russia is rich in natural resources. It has deposits of coal, oil,
natural gas, iron ore, gold, nickel, etc. Three quarters (3/4) of the
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Copyright ООО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»
country’s minerals and fuels are concentrated in Siberia and in
the Far East.
Russia borders on fourteen countries, including the former
Republics of the USSR, which are now independent states. - ■
The history of Russia dates back to the year 862. Npw Russia
is a Presidential Republic. The Russian Federative Republic is
set up by the Constitution of 1993. The federal government con­
sists of three branches: legislative, executive .and judicial.
The legislative power, i-s vested in the Federal Assembly. It
consists of two chambers. The Upper Chamber is the Council of
Federation. The Lower Chamber, is the-,State Duma (a Constitu­
ent Assembly). Each Chamber is headed by a speaker.
The President serves as commander-in-chief of the armed
forces, he makes treaties, enforces federal laws.
The executive power belongs to the Government which is
headed by the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister appoints the
ministers, who axe responsible for framing Government policy.
The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional
Court.
Today the state symbol of Russia is a three coloured banner.
It has three horizontal stripes; white, blue and red. The white
stripe symbolizes the earth, the blue one stands for the sky, and
the red one symbolizes liberty.
The hymn of Russia is «The Patriotic Song» by M.Glinka. A
new national emblem is a two-headed eagle. It is the most an-
cient symbol of Russia.
5= Give the principal forms ofthe following verbs:
regular verbs: [ d ] - to cover, to vaiy, to live, to border, to
serve, to symbolize;
[t] to wash, to enforce;
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[d] - to locate, to separate, to populate, to concentrate, to in­
clude, to date back, to consist of, to,vest, to head, to appoint, to
represent;
irregular verbs: to lie, to be, to become, to run, to make, to
have, to stand, to set up.
6. Form degrees of comparison from the following objectives:
large, heavy, high, deep, great, cold, independent, low, ancient.
7. Arrange the pairs of synonyms using the words and word
combinations given in brackets'.
importance, to be in the hands of, natural resources, earth,
liberty, to make, to consist of, coast, vast, broad, various, town,
to lie, Capital, ancient, today
(now, to be composed of, to be located, significance, to be­
long to, minerals, ground, freedom, to do, shore, enonhous,
wide, different, city, veiy old, centre).
8. Arrange the pairs of antonyms using the words and word
combinations given in brackets'.
eastern, high, large, long, cold, northern, broad, deep,
densely, populated, rich, upper chamber, horizontal
(low, southern, short, narrow, vertical, western, small, lower
chamber, poor, shallow, rarely populated, hot).
9. Give adjectives corresponding to the following nouns and
verbs'.
mountain, type, hight, depth, width, length, history, economy,
culture, nature, president, north, south, east, west, policy, to
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vary, to broaden, to depend on, to locate, to concentrate, impor­
tance, reality, population, to arm, response, symbol.
10. Answer the following questions:
1) Where does Russia lie?
2) What is Russia’s territory?
3) What seas and oceans is Russia washed by?
4) Are there forests (plains and mountains, rivers and lakes) on
the territory of our country?
5) What can you say about the climate of the country?
6) What natural resources is Russia rich in? Where are: most of
the country ’s minerals and fuels concentrated?
7) What is the population of the country?
8) How many countries does Russia border on? Name some of
them, please.
9) What do you know about the political system of our state?
10) What can you say about the: state symbol o f. Russia? (the
hymn, the national emblem).
11. Finish the following sentences:
1) The territory of Russia covers ...
2) Russia is washed by ...
3) The land of Russia varies a lot from ...
4) There are various ...
5) Russia became the cradle ...
6) The Baikal is ...
7) The population of Russia is ...
8) Russia has deposits o f...
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