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MICROFICHE REFERENCE LIBRARY A project of Volunteers in Asia Rural Roads Menual Published by: Department of Works and Supply P.O. Box 1108 Brake Pappa New Guinea Paper copies are $4; free in exchange for your Fublications, Available from: Department of Works and Supply P.O. Box 1108 Beroke Papua New Guinea Reproduced by permission of the Department of Works and Supply, Fapus New Guinea. Reproduction of this microfiche document in any fora is subject Lo the same restrictions as those of the original document. DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS SELF-HELP AND RURAL IMPROVEMENT ROADS CONSTRUCTION MANUAL (1976 EDITION} ADVISORY SERVICE TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT COUNCILS Pob,to WIRKS OCFARTPCH™ HRUNEET SITES 9 We aural aOREo are STWOLS FRGL TUE STD 1H SE (OKEASENMNCE 2904 =ER OUERSERAS PRIVCACYT OR LOCAL GOVERAA SVE KOHWEIL BENE, ITs 20EK USES WE RTC UrAgRES. WHAT YOU WILE ¢ENO IN THIS BOCK: @ cum Fugst warns SecrioN 9+ SECTION 32 CEVERAL TaLK Greatard eainage Surfacing Matarial Founstion af tna aad Aoriucetal Aligamant Surmavy SUBUEYINS 4 ROAD a Seztro as Dirrerwit gore of curceys 1. A eurvay “o> a road thet is alrsody bull 2 A eurvay for a naw zoad 5. A eurvoy lez a noed far an aree thet iu very steep ane tiroken ne puresy for a halzpin 2nd The Survayor's Field Book ‘our importsnt pointe about susvoy MARKING THE PLAQUE WERE ZHE ROKD WILL 60 How da you mark tha xouta permanently? Hew big oust you maka the track? How do you maka @ benchod noad track? Making = good oven gradient with boring rode Using a yradisnt tenalate BEGTWIGNG TO MAKE 1HE goa How to maka a benchecut roac 4. Clestieg the bush 2. Gulling tre bench, 3. Casbor und Oveduaiyy 4. Satter ‘ + Hlaizpin Banus tow te carstpust arsed on Plat courtsy nr rusty biwl i waarly That 1. Cleazing Lhe tush 2. Chacon rs topsoda 5+ Formation of tha raed ~ camber 43 es e FéRcuraD TO THE SimPLE EWcL ISH HGF THE FORD CIUSTRUCTICN manust Exactly thres years aga the Locel Government Engineer of the Ospartmant of Tubiie Werke peoduess ¢ comprehenaive Manual desling uith the conetruction and maintenance of furei Roads, 7 wee i sit jed ta the Councils. They 11 20d agked For more vopias, The sucst ft the book mode us very Mond. Knoving thes vo have pany boon studente ef aur book, ve éaeided to improve on or sesh, Rogdore brought to our attention ohorteonings of the first edition noking it posaibie to nake inprovanontn, Rt tho sana tne the Loceldoation ot @ Gets stvioen and the koouledge of technical Ensitah ty Comehl etaFf made apparant ta ug thet while creadening tha technical contents of the book, ue anould slee y day Engh: a highly qualified tesching expert, came to our a: feennt to remave Zaea known technicel uorde end zeplace then with leg. Rack, the wife of our Local Government. Engineer, being anos. Painatakingly, she ton: gantance by santenes, paragraph by parepreph and turned all the technical paragzapha into correct But non-technical cantencta The rewult af thie excellant uark {e offered nou back to the Coune:la es the Second Edition of pur original Manus) « Tan proud to be asgoniates ulth thie book and haps that réadera in th distant a @__ “sete ond evsestenced rood “orenen, will be able edth the halo of thin book, get moat of tne anaut fa 9 of aur rouncey, Far fram aseietance and advice of professional thay may ba looking fer in solving the sever ending problene of zeed builders. At tha sane tine I invite ali readers te send any construccive esiticiam and advice hey may have so, that {f needed, > may 29 ale in ting 0 ise a thisd edizion of the seme book brought up to data at sone future dats. Sond Auek SRETTCR Direchor of Ospartaent of Publac Works pr stage pragans, Coun is id Ue paopiv shovid wot “ry ce Wuild toe much fod “wud et ar sim, La wetter La build 9 few kilome::es poaperlyy thay le Ley teo much gnd go 4. bushy. “aa roads stould a5 :mproved iu small sorLiong, Thege arena: tao hurd La gel fir-shed. then che old roads have geet Feed, sew ones vat tae adit Li Hse werd Da not waste wuney, Ask te Lantnger Te esate a Lil uP muney co duruve = toad end build yernanes t beidges: and vulverts: Tr rege oidtys a1@ nul doce ihe righ. way, che dmgrovemente WiLL rot be very q20d gna the money will be ua fd, good counei: dove oo: uani 19 waste Ale movey os Loe Mural Inprosonant ooney the: the apventmenk pve. Yup chinge will valp a Uauneil rut to waste wunay? Tiss, roads should bs buble in Lhe fasnion tris “ovatrucsian anual “alks aber. Secondly, Louneil csn get elp fen -azal fe wont Enylren ing field eref? in its cen District, or writs ca tes Directory DoperLannt of Sublie Harkey Selle Bre 11M, ame. making the Letter “Abtent inn t -ooal Gaee~ mun inyinese", and ok For tuchnical help. The Local Guve-menl inginear can send surveyors, me7 ula iL mpoguce nigh hiltoy ard ane will tell toe Zowwcil Ge beat place to ould 3 coai on @ vigh hile SECTION 8: BUILDING CULVERIS ano eRroteS Popa 90 | A tulvarta vane 2a e 46 ahat ork of pipet vage £0 2+ How big should w culvert bo? age 50 5+ How dsp should you put the ptpe? raga 33 4 tow to prepace » bed for the piper ape 95 5. Hom do you Yay tho ple? Page 36 E. How do you back-Fill a trench sound the pipe? Pano 37 7. Hosa ta 8. Aprone Tister Redagee 1. Fess word Page 108 2. that knber do you noaa? page 108 e Se How nigh should a beLdgs be? age 105 4 Naw do you maseure the Log? age 108 5. foe do you prevent ut? age 106 f+ How high snauld the bxtdgo 6? Page 105 7 Aoucnant : Paco 108 3. Sentngene and Dosing Paye 118 S. Rasbing Peat “16 10. tude posse aye aT 11. Gonaea: snfosenzion about 10g beiages age :31 12, sumasy page 18 Lieebaval excesings age 120 1. what Se good place f0> w crossing age ia e 21 ahat material do you neod? age 120 3 tow to build « ford age 122 fe cavsounys age 126 5. inden bridges age 125 5. Uibice bxZdgee ane 128 7. Salley tridgne age 126 8. Suapenston beidges age 121 9. cable ang bekpxe age 12 10+ Need for sucvey end destan Deow 228 e i Sony reads in Panay Tey Gudnes ge2 val goad 4 muah S11 sound spur ten Juivas there gre play 3° 6 .cde Une wise aus tT ay sflLaga paapin, lok af trea pads acz 1% goad ove ethors sa ony Ue vend gome of ceo ting, Mary otha af ast Gy and euch 6° Inn anc oF the sect Liesl ed ataphy Neu aes vaated or raves ewet bus!t propat ly. Tole bea Arles. hanpianed ssa ies the paste muilding ice roody did nul kum he eLyhL way 9 de the wok, Ihe votes Big tecubla naa been chet there were Fol arcuyls aledT nd men, ap x imarstenre, <A anow the people what te da ana stag miecakes From being mage, Ihe buvk, catled a lovecrucsion Monue:, his been wed ten baestiey he Gawie mens agus te toy ca help the people mild bet F yaeds, and te Lal< atl thanys (net an 99 vrong when rasde are bein ui. Pe wall 35 the nead to eave maney and H6"k Ieuk bulg uaazed, there ore winor raasons wy aelf-nalp eaeds shuld 2e Bul: nero Eoad eseds do sar neeg 9 197 of nbonerw, The Pace! races ip mointeanss, ner ue Lalk ebaue "malviensnce” in rand work ene word maang wars try: 13 done and Muncy epeit to “ix up a road ar bridge when it nas beer yarn or damaged, oile: “20m telng used or by too wish gait, Sescior 7 of tals aoek 1a ybaut mutrenanch, Yau can read about fF o1aages AL to 69. Yama money ie bein yivan by le Ravarcment to nein Cusistls meivtals their roads, ou Councits will nave 19 help cou wlth Lotz sui morss and ark, there will aluays be a sho: syo a” money for this wok, ing! roaus Luft propurty, tha aay =hie baok so7a, wlLlL no! cos. ws auch 10 nuint gin us cuads bull: sadly. Jed ~oyds an ¢.2ep sloges will cost a tol ware by seep is use chan roade tha: ere weLL nage Le ne Ci:st place, Jeod roads are safur Mlsoy © watl-built cueu 25 safer than 9 badly tulle one, gud people ars not so Likely to qa hue: i. aceidenta, or have thei cue und ecucke damaged, on SECTION be a SECTION 71 Se Fer de hy es 2) on ef shu zead - sida deine isn 2P cha nat = relia? seaine ade oad Vredsagn? How te builds soaci In sugary ecuntey As Reade 2h ausnpy countey ace hard list ie g2sucy 3) hen ta ocuetewey a arkarkment 4. Caner an rn aiduanknent. road B+ hat can you usy to make e Mad stable? Be dhe ie An whan you hasw eoubls thar daroyraties ascut how by maka 4 new road 2. Aopizeeta. eigeent 3. Tomposray culuarsa end brddyeo a. Sine dads Fo FAL Ite 6. Sustucira 7. Semovirg a 5. When ce trucke uea the ares? CO, What te do Ruth the ucrknen T1, Sunmaty - a det of Enpectant things wesaso1Ne a goo hy Gc you uperede y aval? Upgsectns, ar cle tad Very ctesp countey few eshowte Inprawirg the Lins and Greds Inpawicg cusses ~ Suzen-alavat un You mist maks nsw seine uhon you ungrede MRINATNTNS A goa Neod For waintensocs Thinys thet 30 wrong 4. Potten 2+ Luss oP surfacérg material Be tous ef Sonor Dthar maintenance jabs oad ysngs, on asctLons Govorrmaxt help for Casnsil rod maintanance Minor roads u heild eeads that are ryinners tor Job thet is fou WLLL Reve Lo tel» abiles fe not guy toe Tapas thw Cuineu 10 have bed easter Vinunedis carr Longtpuct new 29 de i? cn